固体火箭发动机贮存中装药裂纹故障及原因分析

固体火箭发动机装药裂纹问题导致寿命期内导弹因固体动力失效而面临报废。为了查明原因,在对多个批次的发动机装药质量进行普查的同时,采用发动机解剖技术、发动机中材料的获取技术、结构完整性分析技术等,研究了发动机贮存中装药裂纹故障的产生原因,得出了发动机装药裂纹是批次问题造成,与湿气的影响、产品的批次质量、贮存时间等相关,并利用低温贮存和低温试车对该结论进行了验证。     

舰船摇摆条件下固体火箭发动机舰载寿命预估

为了预估长期远航舰艇的导弹固体火箭发动机舰载寿命,分析了各种海况下舰船摇摆运动对发动机装药形成的载荷;在对发动机装药应力一应变计算的基础上,利用基于耗散能的装药累积损伤理论,提出了在不同海域执行任务的舰载导弹尚体火箭发动机舰载寿命的评估方法.     

固体火箭发动机装药寿命预示方法试验研究

研究了固体火箭发动机装药硬度和ＨＴＰＢ推进剂方坯硬度、强度及延伸率在贮试期内的变化规律，建立了装药硬度－强度、延伸率－贮存期相关联的数学模型和回归方程组。用其预估固体发动机装药寿命。     

高温高湿条件下复合固体推进剂药柱老化研究

以模拟发动机的复合固体推进剂药柱为研究对象,进行了模拟热带海域高温高湿环境条件下其贮存老化的试验研究,分析了高温高湿条件下氮气密封体系中复合固体推进剂的老化机理,预估了该贮存及老化条件下复合固体推进剂药柱的寿命.     

温度冲击速率对变截面药柱结构完整性的影响

基于热传导方程,对某固体火箭发动机物理模型进行合理的简化,得到了两种可以用于计算药柱内温度、应力应变场的三维计算模型,并通过计算选出较优的一种;利用得到的计算模型,根据固体推进剂材料的粘弹性本构关系,对某固体火箭发动机受不同温度冲击载荷速率的情况进行了数值计算,研究在不同速率下,药柱内应力应变随应力速率的变化规律,为火箭发动机三维装药结构的完整性分析提供参考。     

国外预估固体火箭发动机寿命的几种模型

本文简要介绍国外预估固体火箭发动机寿命的几种模型,其中大多数均得到实际验证,可用于评估环境因素对固体火箭发动机的影响.     

定应变下固体火箭发动机药柱概率贮存寿命预估研究

为研究定应变对固体火箭发动机药柱概率贮存寿命的影响,对推进剂高温加速老化力学性能数据进行了统计分析,利用随机有限元法分析了发动机药柱在内压和过载的联合作用下Von Mises应变的均值和标准差,采用应力-强度干涉模型计算了药柱结构可靠性随应变敏感系数的变化趋势,据此分析了定应变对发动机药柱概率贮存寿命的影响。结果显示,定应变对发动机药柱概率贮存寿命影响显著,以0.97为可靠性下限,当应变敏感系数为2.94时,其寿命约为30.98年,应变敏感系数为-2.94时,其寿命约为0.92年,在此范围,药柱概率贮存寿命随应变敏感系数的增大而延长。     

液体火箭发动机再生冷却槽寿命预估

基于有限元热结构耦合计算结果分析了液体火箭发动机再生冷却槽的失效形式,并分别采用Porowski模型及其蠕变修正模型对冷却槽进行寿命预估.结果表明冷却槽寿命主要取决于塑性拉伸不稳定失效;蠕变对寿命有一定影响,是寿命预估不可或缺的一部分;减小外壳与内壁的温差幅值、增大每个冷却槽的肋宽比或增加冷却槽数目可以延长寿命.该寿命预估方法可用于指导可重复使用液体火箭发动机再生冷却槽设计.      

固体火箭发动机贮存监测的有关问题

论述了固体导弹（固体火箭发动机）进行长期贮存监测的重要意义，分析了影响固体火箭发动机贮存寿命的各种因素，提出了贮存监测的具体事项。     

基于实测数据的舰载导弹固体火箭发动机环境温度方程的研究

为了有效解决目前舰载导弹固体火箭发动机缺乏适用的环境温度方程问题,从而为舰载导弹固体火箭发动机的应力应变计算、累积损伤分析、寿命评估、可靠性分析、药柱结构完整性分析等提供所需的环境温度数据,文章利用温度测量装置采集了舰载导弹固体火箭发动机舰面值班时的环境温度数据,通过对实测环境温度数据的分析研究,找出了该环境温度的变化规律和特点,并以此为基础提出了一种适合舰载导弹固体火箭发动机的环境温度方程。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。