Terminal control monitor for ATC using knowledge-based system

A knowledge-based system for air traffic control (ATC) in terminal control regions is designed for improving service and operation. Domain knowledge is established following rules, regulations, and comments from controllers. An expert system is adopted for approach control and airport control in the terminal control region. The proposed system was implemented in PC-AT with Turbo Prolog. The air terminal control monitor was checked with regard to flight information input, real-time data refreshment, air traffic rescheduling, constraint violation double checking, emergency responses, and normal monitoring. Simulation results are given     

Digital air/ground communications for air traffic control

The early 1990's communications for air traffic control (ATC) uses analog single channel radios with conventional amplitude modulation (AM) in the very high frequency (VHF) band. To overcome eventual saturation of the current system, a sample “next generation” ATC communications system has been designed to increase capabilities and provide a graceful transition from the current system. The new ATC communication system must address problems with the modulation format and a balance between increased channel capacity and overall cost. The controller/pilot workloads can be reduced in that the information segments allow for either semi-automatic or fully automatic handoff or frequency change. The principal performance factor is the addition of data, fully integrated with voice, while offering an increase in throughput. The architecture is structured to put priority on the uplink voice messages while offering significant information capacity capabilities for external data sources. When digital data and voice communication systems mature in the ATC environment, a natural evolution to more data traffic and less voice will occur. At that time, a simple restructuring of the channel assignments and priorities could offer increased throughput for connection to ground based data sources such as high capacity routers     

Space-based SSR constellation for global air traffic control

Advanced surveillance and communications are the main functions needed for an efficient Air Traffic Control/Management (ATC/ATM). In order to perform them over the entire Earth, a novel architecture is described and evaluated. It supplies the surveillance and data link capabilities of advanced Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) Mode S world-wide by means of a constellation of medium orbit satellites carrying SSR Mode S interrogators with phased-array antennas; no new equipment is required on-board aircraft, because the standard transponders are used. The rationale for the study, the system geometry, the link budget computation, the accuracy requirements as well as the subsequent design of the payload and of the optimized constellations needed for global coverage with high location accuracy are described. Moreover, details are given about the design of the spacecraft and of the main units of the space segment. The encouraging results of this overall system study pave the way to a demonstration based on simulators and ground prototypes of the critical parts     

航空器偏置在管制工作中的应用

引言科技的进步使航空器导航精度更加精准,这无疑对民用航空的发展起到巨大的推动作用。然而科技的发展往往是把双刃剑,在看到可喜成果的同时也应注意到精准的导航也增加了航空器相撞的可能性。因此,采用合理的应对措施才能避免航空器相撞,提高民航的安全性,让新科技更好的服务于民航事业。     

管制处罚文化初探

鉴于安全始终是空管各项工作的首要目标,为了保证管制员严格遵守各种规章制度,各级管制单位制定了一系列奖罚办法,对管制运行安全保障起到了积极的促进作用。但随着形势的发展,传统的奖罚机制对于管制员的激励效果也发生了新的变化。在实际工作中,处罚对管制员的影响远大于奖励,而我们对其研究又少之又少。因此,本文试图从我国管制处罚的概念和分类着手,通过对管制处罚作用的描述,旨在和大家就建设科学的和和谐的管制处罚文化做一些有意义的交流和探讨。     

非精密进近风险的空管指挥保障分析

<正>非精密进近是一种导航设施只提供方位引导,不提供下滑引导的仪表进近方式。由于这种进近方式缺乏直接用于判断垂直轨迹的仪表指示,且方位引导也不尽精确,飞行员工作负荷大,易造成不稳定进近,易发生可控飞行撞地事故。据统计60%的可控撞地飞行事故都发生在非精密进近中,事故发生数量是精密进近的7倍。所以,非精密进近是一种高风险的进近方式。飞行员要完成一次既安全又高效的非精密进近,需要在做进近准备和简令时更细致、更全面;特别是最后进近航段,较之于精密进近,需要监控的参数更多,需要更好     

航空公司策略对空中交通管制的影响

近年来,我国民用航空的发展呈现出多元化的格局。在国有航空公司快速发展的同时,民营航空也伴随着中国民航发展的契机快速成长起来。与此同时,我国广阔的民航市场前景以及航权的逐步开放,也让国际上越来越多的航空公司涌入中国,共享一片和谐的天空。航空公司的多元化也意味着各     

Backup radio site identification in air traffic control systems

The identification of backup radio sites, to increase the availability of the future air/ground (A/G) air traffic control (ATC) systems, is investigated, When there is an A/G communications failure, due to a radio site or an ATC controller access failure, another site (or sites) provides the service. The backup site should be capable of providing full coverage of the desired airspace known as the service volume. Meeting the full coverage conditions by one site or a group of sites is analyzed. It is concluded that identification of one site providing full coverage can be determined easily. The identification of a group of sites, each with partial coverage and providing full coverage is analyzed in detail. An algorithm involving both analytical and numerical approaches is described. It determines if two radio sites with given geographical coordinates, and each with partial coverage of a given cylindrical service volume, can provide full coverage. This algorithm can be implemented as a computer program to process a database of radio sites     

如何增强空管应急处置能力

“人无远虑,必有近忧。”“5．12”汶川特大地震灾难沉痛地告诉我们,各行各业具备熟练处置突发事件能力的重大意义。在面对严重自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生事件、社会安全事件等突发事件时,架起“空中生命线”是空管工作的职责所在,也是全面提高航空安全保障体系的重要内容,对于最大限度地预防、控制和降低各种突发事件所造成的危害具有深远的意义。那么,如何增强空管应急处置能力是值得我们思考的课题。     

Data link communication equipment approved by USAF for civil air traffic control

Operations within civil airspace will transition from traditional ground-based air traffic control (ATC) to air traffic management (ATM), a concept that requires aircrews and ground managers to share responsibility of aircraft separation assurance. Increased levels of information exchange will be necessary for this concept to work safely; therefore, air-ground communications will transition from voice to data link communications. The nature of data link communications procurement requires that avionics suppliers not only verify their products meet contractual performance requirements, but also demonstrate that their products are compatible with civil communication networks and ATC. In addition, the USAF needs to demonstrate that their crew-training program is adequate to maintain the required level of aircrew proficiency and equipment can be maintained for the required level of system performance, integrity, and interoperability with the civil environment. This paper outlines some of the certification issues facing the USAF with respect to the Approval for Use of data link equipment to be used for communication with ATC. It will also suggest a methodology for the avionics supplier and USAF to obtain the approvals required to ensure the installation of data link communications equipment on military aircraft will remain interoperable with civil ATC.     

A safety kernel for traffic light control

The success of kernels for enforcing security in software systems has led to proposals to use kernels for enforcing safety. This paper presents a feasibility demonstration of one particular proposal for a safety kernel via the application of traffic light control. The paper begins with the safety properties for traffic light control and specifies a kernel that maintains the safety properties. An implementation sketch of the kernel in Ada is given and use of the kernel is discussed. The contribution of the paper is a demonstration that a kernel is a feasible and desirable technique for software in a realistic, safety-critical application. The paper also illustrates how formal methods aid the software engineer in constructing and reasoning about such software     

关于加强空管运行安全管理的思考

随着民航事业的发展,空中交通流量不断的增加,空管运行安全面临着巨大的挑战。本文针对空管运行面临的问题,从空管文化、人员素质、班组资源配置、设备资料和空域环境等方面提出了建设性的思考和建议。     

Automated air defense system using knowledge-based system

The proposed KAAD (knowledge-based automated air defense) system demonstrates a man-machine environment for airspace defense systems. When the unknown aircraft is hostile, a threat rating and response methods are generated by the system. It serves as a double-check decision-making system for a war control center. In addition to this application, the KAAD system can also be a useful tool as a training program for the war controller. The capabilities of the system are limited due to the shortage of knowledge resources. It requires communications among war controllers and air fighter pilots to organize a practical knowledge base. It is shown that the KAAD system can be combined with an automated ATC (air traffic control) system to become a practical system for air defense applications     

民航空管新技术和航行新技术应用情况回顾

2010年12月6日,由民航局主持的"十一五"国家863计划重大项目"新一代国家空中交通管理系统"在绵阳通过科技部验收,同时启动了国家科技支撑计划空管重大项目"中国民航协同空管技术综合应用示范"。我国的空中交通管理技术正在发生深刻的变革。本文对我国空管新技术和航行新技术的应用背景和概况进行了全面的介绍,并对未来空管新技术开发应用提出了设想。     

空中交通管制专业学生心理素质培养探析

空中交通管制的工作任务是以卫星、雷达、通信系统、地面空管自动化系统(比如:THALES系统(等为技术手段,以管制员为空管系统的"核心",以管制指令、管制许可和情报为信息形式,以能为机组和乘客提供优质的管制服务为工作目标,保证空中交通的     

空域单元管制保障能力的分析方法

随着我国航班飞行量的大幅增长,"航班延误"开始成为民众出行特别是公务商旅活动中的突出问题。近年来,航班延误数量逐年上升,延误易发地域也逐渐扩大,由过去主要集中在北、上、广三地,逐步向深圳、青岛、厦门、成都、西安等城市扩散。2010年,国内航班平均延误约1小     

空管自动化系统飞行计划数据的价值发掘

<正>南京28所生产的NEWMEN 2000空管自动化系统输出的飞行计划数据是以IFPL、ICHG和IPLN电报的形式进行传输的,一直以来,这类电报特别是IFPL电报,包含着丰富而且实时的信息,却长期被人们所忽略。本文通过对一份IFPL电报的解析,逐步发掘这类电报所蕴含的丰富信息以及相关应用。     

量表CD-RISC在空中交通管制员中的应用

Connor-Davidson量表（CD-RISC）是目前使用较为广泛的复原力量表之一。旨在采用经典心理测量学的信、效度理论验证CD-RISC量表在中国民航空中交通管制员中的适用性。研究通过随机抽样、集体施测的方式收集数据,采用验证性因素分析的方法检验量表的结构效度,并通过计算Cronbachα系数以检验内部一致性信度。结果表明,管制员心理复原力结构更趋向于Connor和Davidson的五因素结构,即坚韧性、应对压力、适应性、控制感和信念。CD-RISC量表在管制员群体应用中具有良好的信、效度。     

空中交通管制员疲劳检测与管理综述

我国民航事业的发展需要依靠大型运输客机的自主研发和高效的空中交通管理体系两大软硬实力的支撑。空中交通管制员作为空中交通管理的核心要素,其疲劳状态的检测与管理对于航空安全具有重要作用。本文首先从传统主观量表评定和客观评定方法两个方面详细阐述了国内外疲劳检测的研究成果,分析其优缺点;然后介绍了基于语音分析的管制员疲劳特征提取与检测算法,并且着重介绍了基于深度学习模型的语音疲劳状态识别算法;最后阐述了管制员疲劳检测成果对管制运行安全和效率提升的应用前景。研究成果可为从事管制员疲劳检测与管理的研究人员提供参考和借鉴。     

Electronic flight progress strip prototype for en route ATC

An electronic flight progress strip (FPS) display and a color plan view display (CPVD) as a laboratory prototype are described. The purposes of prototype development are to examine the effectiveness and problems of the electronic FPS display in comparison to the current system and to identify the controller-workstation requirements, which are necessary to decide a future planning of a production prototype development. The evaluation and additional test were conducted for a typical en route transition sector. It was found that electronic FPS was useful in the normal traffic load. Some possible improvements were identified in the heavy traffic load situations represented in the additional test