核心机燃油与控制系统研究

简述了核心机研制的目的和核心机试验的内容．并提出了核心机燃油与控制系统的选用原则和核心机控制计划的基本方法。可供核心机试验和核心机燃油与控制系统研究人员参考。     

普惠公司完成XTC67/1核心机试验

为达到IHPTET计划第三阶段目标,普惠公司进行了XTC67/1核心机试验。该公司在实施XTC67/1计划中取得了一些成果,但也存在一些问题     

预研核心机压气机盘和涡轮盘强度试验

在轮盘超转试验器上对带叶片的第二、四级压气机盘和涡轮盘进行了24-105%转速下的常温应变测量及加温超转试验。试验结果表明，理论计算值与试验结果吻合，盘的强度储备足够。     

核心机和验证机—航空动力研究与发展中必不可少的重要阶段

本阐明了核心机和验证机在航空发动机研究与发展工作中的重要性，指出了当前存在的问题，提出了解决问题的措施和建议。     

大涵道比涡扇发动机核心机试验性能评定方法

为了在试验验证阶段准确、全面地剖析涡扇发动机核心机性能,基于核心机多次试验结果,提出在工程中易实现的核心机性能评定方法。通过试验确定测量参数,介绍核心机性能评定工作流程,论述性能评定关键参数的测量和计算方法。分析部件流量、效率等参数变化对核心机循环功及油耗的影响,以涡轮为例阐述部件试验与核心机试验差异的原因包含气动构型、工作环境、测量不确定度、冷气4个维度的因素,论述了通过减少漏气、优化工作线等手段提升部件效率,讨论核心机流量、循环功、耗油率对整机的支撑作用。核心机与部件偏离的合理范围应参照测量不确定度,超出合理范围的偏离采用了单因素敏感性分析方法分解到部件层级。结果表明：该方法适用于大涵道比涡扇发动机核心机试验性能评定,对其他构型的核心机也有一定借鉴作用。     

"系列核心机及派生发展"的航空发动机发展思路

核心机的派生发展一直受到航空发达国家的高度重视，并成为发动机系列化发展的主要技术途径。根据我国目前的发动机发展现状。本文提出了“系列核心机及派生发展”的发动机发展思路，对核心机技术及核心机的派生发展进行了讨论和分析。详细介绍了5个核心机的基本参数，通过这5个核心机派生发展形成的系列化发动机，其推力可以覆盖200～20000daN范围，基本能够满足我国军民用飞机发展对动力装置的需求。     

核心机系列发展方法在5kg/s流量级核心机上的应用研究

在研究国内外核心机系列发展研究成果的基础上,以中国燃气涡轮研究院研制的5 k N推力涡扇发动机的5 kg/s流量级核心机为平台,开展了核心机派生发展10 k N推力中等涵道比涡扇发动机的应用研究。通过对派生发动机方案实施效果的分析,验证了核心机派生发展发动机技术途径的可行性。归纳了系列发展在核心机设计时应考虑的主要因素,以及发展大推力跨度和不同用途发动机时核心机所需的改进设计。     

AEDC的航空推进试验设备和试验能力(上)

１９４６年经著名科学家冯·卡门教授建议，美国空军决定兴建自己的航空试验研究基地，并于１９５１年在田纳西州塔拉霍马破土动工。建成后的该中心以美国空军司令员的名字命名为阿诺德工程发展中心。经过近５０年的不懈努力，阿诺德工程发展中心（ＡＥＤＣ）已经发展成为当今世界上规模最大的航空推进试验研究基地之一     

关于矩阵方程AX+XTC=B的解的存在性的探讨

以矩阵广义逆为工具，给出了矩阵方程Ax X^tC=B解的存在的充要条件。将该方程的求解问题转化为对其等价方程的求解，得出一些相应的很有价值的结论。并在理论上进行了较为严密的证明，同时，对该方程的常见的某些特殊情形做了进一步的推导。     

Dust Environment Modelling of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Dust is an important constituent of cometary emission; its analysis is one of the major objectives of ESA’s Rosetta mission to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (C–G). Several instruments aboard Rosetta are dedicated to studying various aspects of dust in the cometary coma, all of which require a certain level of exposure to dust to achieve their goals. At the same time, impacts of dust particles can constitute a hazard to the spacecraft. To conciliate the demands of dust collection instruments and spacecraft safety, it is desirable to assess the dust environment in the coma even before the arrival of Rosetta. We describe the present status of modelling the dust coma of 67P/C–G and predict the speed and flux of dust in the coma, the dust fluence on a spacecraft along sample trajectories, and the radiation environment in the coma. The model will need to be refined when more details of the coma are revealed by observations. An overview of astronomical observations of 67P/C–G is given, because model parameters are derived from this data if possible. For quantities not yet measured for 67P/C–G, we use values obtained for other comets, e.g. concerning the optical and compositional properties of the dust grains. One of the most important and most controversial parameters is the dust mass distribution. We summarise the mass distribution functions derived from the in-situ measurements at comet 1P/Halley in 1986. For 67P/C–G, constraining the mass distribution is currently only possible by the analysis of astronomical images. We find that both the dust mass distribution and the time dependence of the dust production rate of 67P/C–G are those of a fairly typical comet.     

A Portrait of the Nucleus of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

In 2003, comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko was selected as the new target of the Rosetta mission as the most suitable alternative to the original target, comet 46P/Wirtanen, on the basis of orbital considerations even though very little was known about the physical properties of its nucleus. In a matter of a few years and based on highly focused observational campaigns as well as thorough theoretical investigations, a detailed portrait of this nucleus has been established that will serve as a baseline for planning the Rosetta operations and observations. In this review article, we present a novel method to determine the size and shape of a cometary nucleus: several visible light curves were inverted to produce a size–scale free three–dimensional shape, the size scaling being imposed by a thermal light curve. The procedure converges to two solutions which are only marginally different. The nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko emerges as an irregular body with an effective radius (that of the sphere having the same volume) = 1.72 km and moderate axial ratios a/b = 1.26 and a/c = 1.5 to 1.6. The overall dimensions measured along the principal axis for the two solutions are 4.49–4.75 km, 3.54–3.77 km and 2.94–2.92 km. The nucleus is found to be in principal axis rotation with a period = 12.4–12.7 h. Merging all observational constraints allow us to specify two regions for the direction of the rotational axis of the nucleus: RA = 220°^+50° _−30° and Dec = −70^° ± 10^° (retrograde rotation) or RA = 40°^+50° _-30° and Dec = +70^°± 10^° (prograde), the better convergence of the various determinations presently favoring the first solution. The phase function, although constrained by only two data points, exhibits a strong opposition effect rather similar to that of comet 9P/Tempel 1. The definition of the disk–integrated albedo of an irregular body having a strong opposition effect raises problems, and the various alternatives led to a R-band geometric albedo in the range 0.045–0.060, consistent with our present knowledge of cometary nuclei. The active fraction is low, not exceeding ~ 7% at perihelion, and is probably limited to one or two active regions subjected to a strong seasonal effect, a picture coherent with the asymmetric behaviour of the coma. Our slightly downward revision of the size of the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko resulting from the present analysis (with the correlative increase of the albedo compared to the originally assumed value of 0.04), and our best estimate of the bulk density of 370 kg m⁻³, lead to a mass of ~ 8 × 10¹² kg which should ease the landing of Philae and insure the overall success of the Rosetta mission.     

气氢/气氧塞式喷管模型发动机实验

以气氢/气氧为推进剂,对圆转方内喷管单元直排塞式喷管进行了热试实验研究。介绍了实验系统及实验发动机主要零部件的结构和设计参数,给出了实验参数测量结果、实验照片和数据分析。无再生冷却塞式喷管发动机采用耐烧蚀材料钨渗铜加工内喷管和燃烧室内衬,碳钢材料加工塞锥,成功进行了多次短时间热试实验。在三个压比下获得了塞式喷管性能数据,实验表明,塞式喷管具有良好的高度补偿能力和较高的效率。在CNPR=110附近,效率达到93%~95%;在CNPR=450附近,效率达到96%~98%;在CNPR=1000附近,效率达到93%~96%。预计在设计点的效率不低于98%。     

三单元气氢/气氧塞式喷管发动机实验

以气氢/气氧为推进剂, 对三单元直排塞式喷管模型发动机(内喷管和燃烧室内衬采用耐烧蚀材料钨渗铜, 塞锥为碳钢)进行了热试实验研究.给出了实验结果, 进行了数据分析.在两个压比(燃烧室压强与环境反压之比)下, 获得了塞式喷管性能数据和塞锥表面5个测点处的压强分布.实验表明, 塞式喷管具有良好的高度补偿能力和较高的效率.在压比值为50附近, 效率达到92%-93.5%;在压比值为350附近, 效率达到95%-96%.数值模拟的预示结果与实验数据吻合较好.      

The Plasma Environment of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko Throughout the Rosetta Main Mission

The plasma environment of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, the Rosetta mission target comet, is explored over a range of heliocentric distances throughout the mission: 3.25 AU (Rosetta instruments on), 2.7 AU (Lander down), 2.0 AU, and 1.3 AU (perihelion). Because of the large range of gas production rates, we have used both a fluid-based magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model as well as a semi-kinetic hybrid particle model to study the plasma distribution. We describe the variation in plasma environs over the mission as well as the differences between the two modeling approaches under different conditions. In addition, we present results from a field aligned, two-stream transport electron model of the suprathermal electron flux when the comet is near perihelion.     

航空发动机高、低温起动及高原起动试验技术探讨

根据GJB241对航空发动机高、低温起动及高原起动试验的要求,分析了高、低温及高原环境条件对航空发动机起动性能的影响机理;阐述了利用自然环境条件、低温起动室及高空模拟试验台进行航空发动机高、低温起动及高原起动试验的优、缺点;结合国产斯贝MK202发动机分别在英国R.R.公司低温起动室和高空模拟试车台进行的低温起动试验方法和俄罗斯中央航空发动机研究院(CIAM)高空台的发动机高、低温起动及高原起动试验的方法,提出了符合我国国情的航空发动机高、低温起动及高原起动试验的实施途径。      

碳纤维、芳纶纤维、蜂窝芯零件数控加工刀具的选用

通过以下所述刀具材料的选择以及加工中应注意的事项,可以很好地完成这些复合材料零件的数控加工。但复合材料的范围很广泛,各种材料由于其结构和性能不同,其加工所使用的刀具及其结构、所使用的参数各不相同,在好多方面我们还应努力研究与摸索,制造出更好的复合材料零件。