离散事件动态系统的GSMP模型及扰动分析

对离散事件动态系统（ＤＥＤＳ）的仿真过程建立了包含中断事件集和驱动事件集的广义半马尔可夫过程（ＧＳＭＰ）模型，对参数的无穷小扰动所引起的系统状态转移时刻进行了扰动分析，最后，讨论了扰动分析所需要的可变换条件和样本性能函数的关系，并提出值得进一步研究的问题。     

M/G/1排队系统性能梯度估计的非标准分析法

如何估计系统性能梯度是离散事件动态系统研究中的一个重要问题.系统性能对于概率参数的梯度无法用传统的摄动分析法来估计,我们从非标准分析的角度提出了一种基于Dirac δ函数的摄动分析算法,分析了相应估计量的强相合性和渐近无偏性.新算法在实现过程中需要用样条函数来近似δ函数,但可以同时估计M/G/1排队系统中顾客期望系统时间和忙期期望长度对概率参数的梯度.数值实验结果表明估计量的相对误差和无偏性检验值都比较小,新算法能够很好地估计M/G/1排队系统的性能梯度.     

基于事件触发的航天器变周期控制方法研究

摘要： 随着未来航天技术的发展对航天器自主性工作的要求越来越高，星上嵌入式系统所需处理的数据量也急剧增大.而如何在通信与计算资源约束下保证航天器性能就成为一个关键问题.本文基于事件触发控制方法，提出一种在保证控制性能前提下能够大幅降低星上总线负载的航天器姿态控制方法.并从扰动系统理论出发，给出算法的设计流程和稳定性证明.通过仿真算例验证算法的有效性.     

高超声速飞行器平稳滑翔弹道扰动运动伴随分析

针对高超声速飞行器平稳滑翔弹道扰动运动问题,研究了伴随仿真方法及其应用。首先,利用伴随系统的数学定义式,从新的角度给出了伴随仿真方法的统一解释,包括误差预算性质和伴随一次仿真结果一般意义;对于随机线性系统,导出协方差分析的伴随。然后,在滑翔动力学建模和平稳滑翔弹道定义基础上,得到了平稳滑翔弹道定义的一致性;建立初始状态和气动力存在干扰的动力学模型,并在小扰动假设下得到标准平稳滑翔弹道附近的线性化微分方程。最后,通过伴随仿真算例,分析了确定性常值小扰动和随机扰动对平稳滑翔弹道的终端状态的影响,同时对比非线性仿真和蒙特卡罗仿真,结果吻合;伴随仿真方法的计算效率优势明显。      

仿真输出非平均性能测度的Bayes估计

考虑离散事件仿真中一个非平均性能测度－－比例的估计问题，在对有关比例的已有估计方法的概述和分析的基础上，提出了一种比例的Ｂａｙｅｓ估计方法和贝塔分布的区间估计方法，从实验上对这些方法进行了研究和比较，从而证明了Ｂｅｙｅｓ方法能合理地给出比例的估计，而且仿真精度在大样本情形比已有方法略有提高，在小样本情形有明显的改进。     

直升机动稳定性分析和增稳系统控制律设计

研究了无铰直升机动稳定性、操纵性和控制问题.在动稳定性计算分析的基础上,认识到定常飞行中的非稳定模态和增稳系统设计的必要性.在完成直升机非线性动力学建模之后,经小扰动线化得到直升机飞行控制状态方程,进行了直升机增稳系统等效导数的计算,性能分析和系统阶跃响应仿真.通过稳定性(增稳系统)设计,改善了直升机动稳定性, 其增稳性能满足设计规范中一级动态品质要求.     

双系缆气球绳网系统的建模、配平及稳定性

为研究一种双系缆气球绳网系统的气球、绳网的设计问题和系统抗风能力的评估问题,建立了考虑风影响的双系缆气球绳网系统的数学模型,其中包括在体轴系下建立的气球的数学模型、根据无限细化理论建立的系缆的数学模型和按照一定的简化假设建立的绳网的数学模型;在配平状态下引入小扰动假设,使非线性方程组线化,并分析了该系统对阶跃风扰动的响应和稳定性.仿真计算结果表明该系统的设计合理并具有一定的抗风能力.      

基于分层随机梯度辨识算法的传感器故障检测方法

提出一种基于两阶段递推随机梯度参数辨识的传感器故障的在线检测方法.相对于最小二乘参数辨识算法,随机梯度参数辨识算法所需计算量更小.针对计算能力受限的系统,提出基于随机梯度参数辨识的检测算法.通过分析可知,参数辨识精度越高时检测精度越高.为提高精度,给出基于两阶段递推随机梯度参数辨识的检测算法并设计基于最新估计信息的残差.除此之外,还给出新的检测算法与原有的基于最小二乘检测算法计算量的对比分析,并通过仿真实例,证明新的检测算法的优越性及有效性.     

空间相机匀速扫描干扰补偿控制方法

针对空间相机匀速扫描中的周期干扰,研究永磁同步电机(PMSM)抗扰控制问题.为了解决传统状态观测器与内模原理补偿方法形式复杂、计算量大的问题,结合敏感器测量输出和系统模型推导出干扰量,并在重构干扰的基础上,采用超前输入补偿策略快速抑制扰动影响.该方法形式简洁,计算量小,经数学仿真和试验验证,可有效抑制系统正弦扰动,改善...     

自动空中加油阶段加油机尾涡流场建模与仿真

针对自动空中加油技术对于加油机尾涡精确建模的需要,通过分析大型加油机机翼尾涡形成机理和运动规律,运用改进的马蹄涡理论方法建立了较精确的考虑尾涡衰减和扩散特性的尾涡空间流场计算模型,之后将此流场模型在受油机质心处线性化,并采用平均化的方法计算得到受油机受到的平均风分量和风梯度值,在分析受油机受扰运动中利用气动等效的方法将尾涡对受油机的影响模型加入到受油机非线性全量方程中.在此基础上利用Matlab/Simulink搭建仿真平台对空中加油阶段受油机扰动运动进行了仿真验证.仿真结果表明,所建立的尾涡模型能够反映受油机受扰后的动态特性,与有人机飞行员的飞行经验相符,该模型还可用于大型飞机起飞飞行安全和近距编队飞行的扰动分析.     

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

Scaling analysis and model estimation of solar corona index

A monthly average solar green coronal index time series for the period from January 1939 to December 2008 collected from NOAA (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) has been analysed in this paper in perspective of scaling analysis and modelling. Smoothed and de-noising have been done using suitable mother wavelet as a pre-requisite. The Finite Variance Scaling Method (FVSM), Higuchi method, rescaled range (R/S) and a generalized method have been applied to calculate the scaling exponents and fractal dimensions of the time series. Autocorrelation function (ACF) is used to find autoregressive (AR) process and Partial autocorrelation function (PACF) has been used to get the order of AR model. Finally a best fit model has been proposed using Yule-Walker Method with supporting results of goodness of fit and wavelet spectrum. The results reveal an anti-persistent, Short Range Dependent (SRD), self-similar property with signatures of non-causality, non-stationarity and nonlinearity in the data series. The model shows the best fit to the data under observation.     

Learning in an immersive digital theater

The Houston Museum of Natural Science, in collaboration with Rice University has an outreach program taking portable digital theaters to schools and community sites for over five years and has conducted research on student learning in this immersive environment. By using an external independent evaluator, the effectiveness of NASA-funded Education and Public Outreach (EPO) projects can be assessed. This paper documents interactive techniques and learning strategies in full-dome digital theaters. The presentation is divided into Evaluation Strategies and Results and Interactivity Strategies and Results. All learners from grades 3–12 showed statistically significant short-term increase in knowledge of basic Earth science concepts after a single 22-min show. Improvements were more significant on items that were taught using more than one modality of instruction: hearing, seeing, discussion, and immersion. Thus immersive theater can be an effective as well as engaging teaching method for Earth and Space science concepts, particularly those that are intrinsically three-dimensional and thus most effectively taught in an immersive environment. The portable system allows taking the educational experience to rural and tribal sites where the underserved students could not afford the time or expense to travel to museums.     

Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results

In the frame of the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission a new sample preparation system (SPS) compatible with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the in situ analysis of complex organic molecules in the Martian soil. The goal is to detect, if they exist, some of the key compounds that play an important role in life on Earth including carboxylic acids, amino acids and nucleobases.     

基于LuGre模型的电液加载系统摩擦补偿

为了提高电液加载系统控制精度,针对摩擦问题提出了基于LuGre摩擦模型的前馈补偿方法.建立了用于摩擦仿真分析和补偿器设计的电液加载系统数学模型;通过实验获取并分析了相关的摩擦数据;基于实验数据进行LuGre模型参数辨识,把LuGre模型和辨识结果引入电液加载系统数学模型,并进行仿真结果与实际摩擦数据的对照,证明了LuGre摩擦模型的准确性.设计前馈补偿器,进行了实验对比,实验结果表明前馈补偿器可将摩擦产生的控制误差有效地降至未补偿时的30%左右.      

CoRoT and Kepler results: Solar-like oscillators

The space-borne observatories CoRoT (Convection Rotation and planetary Transits) and Kepler have provided photometric time series data of unprecedented precision for large numbers of stars. These data have revolutionized the fields of transiting exoplanets and asteroseismology. In this review some important asteroseismic results obtained using data from the CoRoT and Kepler space missions concerning stars that show solar-like oscillations are discussed. These results comprise, among others, measurements of the location of the base of the convection zone and helium second-ionization zone in main-sequence stars, the presence (or not) of core-helium burning in red-giant stars, as well as differential rotation in these stars.     

Radioactivity of the Moon and planets

In this report the main results of the study of radioactivity of the solar sistem bodies are considered. The radioactivity of the Moon and planets was measured by means of vehicles in situ. The radioactivity of the lunar samples, brought to the Earth was studied with laboratory equipment.     

Return to Europa: Overview of the Jupiter Europa orbiter mission

Missions to explore Europa have been imagined ever since the Voyager mission first suggested that Europa was geologically very young. Subsequently, the Galileo spacecraft supplied fascinating new insights into this satellite of Jupiter. Now, an international team is proposing a return to the Jupiter system and Europa with the Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Currently, NASA and ESA are designing two orbiters that would explore the Jovian system and then each would settle into orbit around one of Jupiter’s icy satellites, Europa and Ganymede. In addition, the Japanese Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) is considering a Jupiter magnetospheric orbiter and the Russian Space Agency is investigating a Europa lander.     

基于最小值原理的冗余度机器人动力学控制

为了解冗余度机器人全局法优化中数值求解的困难,本文讨论了动力学方程的建立,无约束和有约束最优控制问题之间的内在联系,重点分析了求解最优控制问题的数值方法,文中提出了双向异步积分迭代的求解正则方程组的直接迭代法,较好解决了状态方程和协态方程稳定相逆给求解两点这值问题带来的困难。     

基于GPS载波相位的微卫星姿态算法研究

GPS姿态系统是利用GPS载波相位测量来确定载体的航向和姿态角。本文对微卫星的GPS姿态系统进行了研究。重点解决短基线的GPS状态算法，讨论了姿态价格函数的了小化方法。测试结果表明，所提的算法对小于1m的基线是有效的。