含滑石水基氧化铝陶瓷料浆流变性能研究

通过流变实验分析了滑石含量及球磨工艺对水基氧化铝陶瓷料浆流变性的影响。结果表明:滑石含量为0至4wt％时,随着滑石含量的增加,氧化铝料浆的静态粘度略有增大,且含有滑石的氧化铝料浆表现出明显的触变性;特定滑石含量(0.5wt％)的氧化铝料浆(体浓度55vol％)球磨时间为16～18h时,粘度达到最小值,流动性最好。     

固相含量对Al2O3料浆及瓷体性能的影响

研究了固相浓度对用于凝胶注成型的Al2O3料浆的粘度和流动性能的影响,并分析了由不同浓度的料浆制得的瓷体结构和性能与料浆浓度的关系.结果表明,控制合适的体浓度对于获得适合浇注的高性能料浆是必要的.同时由于料浆浓度会影响球磨效率和坯体密度,因此会对最终瓷体的质量有较大影响.在本文的实验条件下,料浆中固相的最佳含量为50vol%.     

3D碳纤维预制体中料浆浸渗引入SiC微粉工艺研究

为了在厚度为10mm的3D碳纤维预制体中大量引入SiC微粉,在料浆不变的基础上采用真空浸渗法、加压浸渗法、加压过滤法、真空吸滤法等四种料浆浸渗法进行试验,并对引入微粉的量及其分布进行分析对比。结果表明,对于含1μm SiC微粉4vol%的料浆,加压过滤法效果最佳,3次浸渗即能引入27.4vol%的SiC微粉,SiC微粉均匀致密填充。     

丁羟推进剂药浆固化过程中触变性转变规律研究

为研究固化反应对丁羟推进剂药浆触变性的影响,对丁羟推进剂药浆在固化反应过程中触变性转变规律进行了实验研究和理论分析。结果表明,推进剂药浆的触变性受到固化时间和剪切速率两个因素的显著影响:剪切速率增高会促使药浆呈现触变性;固化时间增长会促使药浆呈现反触变性。药浆触变性转变的剪切速率为0.2s~(-1)～0.5s~(-1),剪切速率小于此范围时完全呈现反触变性;大于此范围时药浆完全呈现触变性。当剪切速率进入转变区间后,会先从低固化时间处由反触变性转变为触变性,随着固化时间的增长触变性消失,反触变性再次出现。剪切速率越高反触变性重新出现所需固化时间越长,超出转变区间后反触变性不再出现,药浆完全呈现触变性。     

SiCp含量及缓蚀剂对SiCp／Al金属基复合材料腐蚀行为的影响

研究了ZL101A铝合金及以其为基体含5vol%,10vol%,15vol%和20voll%SiCP的SiCP/Al金属基复合材料在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,通过添加钼酸钠、硅酸钠等缓蚀剂在3.5%NaCl溶液中,将SiCP/Al金属基复合材料在室温下浸泡一定的周期,采用失重法和SEM技术分别计算腐蚀速率和分析腐蚀后的微观组织形貌.试验结果表明SiCP颗粒增强物的加入对SiCP/Al金属基复合材料腐蚀速率影响不大,甚至略有降低,SiCP改变了铝合金基体表面腐蚀的形核和发展,点蚀数量增加、深度变浅.添加缓蚀剂后,抑制了SiCP/Al金属基复合材料表面点蚀的形成,与钼酸钠缓蚀剂相比,硅酸钠具有良好的缓蚀作用,当SiCP颗粒增强物的含量达到15vol%和20vol%时,缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果明显下降.     

含磷IN718合金高应变速率下超塑性变形行为的试验研究

研究了含0.022％磷的IN718合金在高应变速率(5×102～4×10-1s-1)下的超塑性变形行为及机制.在试验条件下,合金的拉伸延伸率均超过100％,具有超塑性变形能力 随应变速率升高,延伸率降低至139％,试样颈缩严重,呈针尖状“点式”断口,断口附近晶粒组织明显细化,并存在与拉伸方向平行的纵向裂纹,碳化物对塑性变形的阻碍作用是裂纹形成的重要原因.当变形速率为5×10-2～10-1s-1时,IN718合金的超塑性变形机制为动态再结晶;当变形速率为2×10-1～4×10-1s-1时,动态再结晶仍为主要变形机制,但孪晶开始形成并起重要的协调变形作用.     

pH值对凝胶注模氧化铝陶瓷料浆性能的影响

重点研究了在低粘度,高固相体积分数氧化铝浓悬浮体制备过程中,料浆的pH值对料浆性能的影响。结果表明:当pH值达到5左右时,Al_2O_3颗粒在水中的Zeta电位等于0,此时,料浆的粘度最大,分散效果最差。当pH值达到9时,Zeta电位的绝对值达到最大,此时料浆的悬浮稳定性最佳。     

凝胶注模氧化铝陶瓷坯体的结构与表征

研究了凝胶注模氧化铝陶瓷坯体的密度、强度、空隙率分布及微观结构等特征。结果表明,影响凝胶注模陶瓷坯片密度的因素主要有:料浆的固含量、单体含量、单体和胶联剂的比值。随着料浆固含量的提高,坯片的抗弯强度呈下降趋势,坯片内部的孔隙率降低,从平均孔隙度为110nm降为90nm,而且均为单峰分布。凝胶注模成型的陶瓷坯片在干燥后,坯片强度优于注射成型、流延成型等传统成型方式。     

变形温度及变形量对挤压态FGH96合金晶粒异常长大的影响

基于楔形试样等温锻造试验,采用Deform-3D模拟软件,模拟确定了楔形试样中不同位置的变形量,研究了不同变形温度和不同变形量对挤压态FGH96合金晶粒异常长大的影响。结果表明：在压下速率0.04 mm/s的平模镦粗试验条件下,挤压态 FGH96合金出晶粒异常长大的临界变形温度为1100℃,临界变形量为2%;1000~1070℃锻造变形时,合金不易发生晶粒异常长大,但也有“临界变形量”特征,变形量5%~10%区域晶粒平均直径最大;选择15%及以上的变形量,可以避免晶粒异常长大,并获得均匀细小的晶粒组织。     

多重纳米结构轻质高强铝基复合材料的制备和组织性能

为了研究多重纳米结构对块体材料强化和变形能力的影响机制,采用粉末冶金法制备了多重纳米结构的B4C颗粒增强铝基复合材料,并对复合材料的强化和形变破坏机制进行了定量和定性的讨论。由100%球磨复合粉末制备的块体复合材料的室温压缩强度为670MPa;当加入10vol%气雾化态的Al2024粉末后,复合材料的室温压缩强度升高到1.115GPa;之后随着气雾化态Al2024粉末含量的增加,复合材料的强度逐渐下降,但是没有产生明显的塑性变形;当气雾化态Al2024粉末的含量增加到50vol%时,复合材料的压缩强度下降到580MPa,断裂前变形率达到了10%。扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)的分析结果显示,亚微米级的B4C颗粒、位错以及纳米晶基体分别通过Orowan强化、位错强化和细晶强化机制对复合材料进行强化;粗晶Al2024区域与复合结构区域的比例显著影响复合材料的形变及破坏机制。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。