复合材料湿法模压成型工艺参数研究

采用湿法模压成型(WCM)工艺制备碳纤维复合材料层合板,对浸润时间和固化压力两个工艺参数进行了设计,制备了不同参数的层合板。利用金相显微镜观察了不同参数制备层合板截面的微观形貌,对层合板成型质量进行表征,主要包括层合板厚度、纤维体积含量、短梁剪切强度(ILSS)、压缩强度以及拉伸强度的测试和计算。结果表明,当浸润时间4min、固化压力1MPa时,层合板的成型质量最好,截面缺陷较少,力学性能优良,力学强度相对提高5%~11.45%左右;随着浸润时间的增加,力学性能先迅速增大后趋于平缓,随着固化压力的增加,层合板的纤维体积含量和力学性能都逐渐增加,在浸润时间10min/固化压力1.5MPa时,纤维体积分数和拉伸模量达到最大值,为66.12%和86.50GPa。     

T700/PEEK热塑性自动铺放预浸纱制备质量控制及性能研究

为满足高性能热塑性复合材料自动铺丝（AFP）成型工艺的原材料需求,研究了粉末悬浮法浸渍制备T700/PEEK预浸纱关键工艺参数及预浸料性能,分析聚醚醚酮PEEK浸渍连续碳纤维过程中不同工艺参数（悬浊液浓度、超声功率、张力、牵引速率、浸渍温度、辊压温度及压辊间隙）对预浸纱质量的影响规律,利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察T700/PEEK预浸纱内部孔隙率及界面结合状态,将粉末悬浮法制备的T700/PEEK预浸纱模压制备了热塑性复合材料单向层合板试样,并测试了其热塑性复合材料层间剪切强度和拉伸强度。研究结果表明：预浸纱含胶量与粉末悬浮液浓度变化线性正相关,且随超声功率的增大而升高;浸渍过程中伴随温度的升高以及牵引速率的减小,预浸纱宽度变小、孔隙率降低,随着张力的增大,预浸纱宽度增大、孔隙率降低;辊压成型过程中随着温度的提高以及压辊间隙的减小,预浸纱宽度增大、孔隙率降低。综合考虑各工艺参数的影响规律,获得优化的热塑性预浸纱制备工艺参数：浸渍温度为360~370℃,辊压温度为330℃,压辊间隙为0.1 mm,牵引速率为15~20 mm/s,张力为7 N。扫描电镜结果显示树脂与纤维界面结合紧密,复合材料的孔隙率可降低至1.8%,复合材料层间剪切强度为73.43 MPa,纵向拉伸强度达1.71 GPa。     

薄壁曲面复合材料层合板成型工艺参数与形面精度影响规律

为了得到高形面精度复合材料层合板适用的成型工艺控制方法,本文针对典型的Φ500 mm直径曲面球冠结构复合材料层合板,设计了6组不同工艺参数的成型对比实验,分析出边缘效应、铺放方式、固化温度等参数对层合板固化变形量的影响规律。研究表明,增加碳纤维模量和降低预浸料单层厚度可提高层合板形面精度;层合板铺放尺寸超过直径的5%可降低边缘效应的影响;自动铺丝技术铺放质量一致性高,手工铺层可以制造出高形面精度的层合板,但相对发生概率低;降低层合板固化温度和降温速率能够有效地提高层合板的形面精度。实验结论对复合材料高精度成型具有一定的指导意义。     

新型液体成型技术在民机副翼结构的应用研究

基于传统VARI工艺开发了一种可以满足航空复合材料构件大规模生产需求的新型低成本液体成型技术。采用了多种工艺措施确保注胶口和出胶口处树脂压力和树脂流动控制,对比试验表明,采用新型液体成型技术所制备的复合材料层合板厚度均匀性能够接近预浸料/热压罐成型的复合材料层合板的水平。采用新型液体成型技术所研制的民机副翼结构件具有良好的外形和内部质量,可以满足航空复合材料结构的应用需求。     

苎麻纤维增强酚醛树脂基复合材料的湿热性能研究

通过模压工艺制备了苎麻纤维织物增强酚醛树脂基复合材料层合板,研究了模压层合板在不同湿热环境下的水吸收与扩散及力学性能。研究表明:在20℃,40℃和60℃三种温度下,相对湿度的上升使层合板瞬时吸湿速率增大很明显,而在50%相对湿度下,温度对层合板的饱和吸水率的影响不大。当吸湿份数在0.5以下时,层合板在50%的相对湿度和20℃,40℃和60℃三种温度下,水扩散系数分别为2.16×10-6cm2/s,2.94×10-6cm2/s和6.61×10-6cm2/s。层合板的力学性能随吸水率的增加而下降。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察,层合板力学性能下降的主要原因是水分破坏了纤维和树脂的界面,同时进入纤维的空隙中,影响了复合材料中的应力传递,使复合材料力学性能下降。     

铺层结构对复合材料层合板拉伸性能的影响

设计并制备了6种不同铺层结构的层合板,通过对其进行拉伸试验,研究了不同铺层角度及不同铺层比例对层合板拉伸性能的影响。通过试验获得了6种复合材料层合板在拉伸试验中所能承受的极限拉伸强度,损伤特征以及载荷-位移曲线。结果表明:随着偏轴角增大,复合材料层合板拉伸强度逐渐降低,当45°和90°铺层体积分数相同时,45°铺层的层合板拉伸强度高于90°铺层的层合板;[0°/45°]铺层在表面可有效减小分层面积,由于内部剪切作用[0/90°]铺层更易出现分层。验证了复合材料层合板可通过改变铺层角度设计其力学性能。     

复合材料层合板雷击烧蚀损伤模拟

 为解决复合材料层合板的雷击烧蚀问题,通过复合材料层合板雷电流烧蚀的热-电-结构耦合分析,建立复合材料层合板烧蚀的三维有限元模型。利用删除单元法模拟复合材料层合板在不同脉冲波形雷电流作用下的冲击响应,进行复合材料层合板雷击损伤机理和损伤模式分析,得出了复合材料层合板在不同脉冲波形和峰值雷电流作用下的瞬态热传递和热烧蚀规律。分析了不同雷电流参数对烧蚀结果的影响。结果表明峰值电流、放电量和比能对复合材料层合板的烧蚀尺寸和内部损伤产生很大的影响。     

新型含硅芳炔树脂复合材料制备工艺

以含硅芳炔树脂为基体、高强玻璃布为增强材料制备了新型含硅芳炔树脂复合材料,探讨了树脂的固化工艺,研究了树脂含量、成型温度和成型压力对复合材料性能的影响,确定了含硅芳炔树脂复合材料成型的工艺参数:树脂质量分数31%、升温程序170℃/2h+210℃/2h+250℃/4h、成型压力1.0MPa。优化工艺条件下制备的复合材料弯曲强度达278MPa。     

湿热环境下复合材料层合板本构模型研究及其应用

近年来复合材料被广泛地应用于航空航天等工程领域。在实际的使用中,复合材料在不同的湿热环境下其力学性能会发生显著变化,针对这一问题,国内外已有大量的试验研究,而对湿热环境下复合材料的本构模型理论的研究则较少。在经典层合板理论基础上引入湿热膨胀系数的概念,通过定义一个无量纲的温度,建立材料弹性常数与湿热参数之间的函数关系,推导出复合材料单层板在湿热力耦合作用下的本构关系,同时加入三维Hashin失效判定准则对层合板的损伤演化及失效模式进行模拟。结果表明:该模型较好地预测了复合材料层合板在不同湿热环境下的弹性响应,为分析实际工程中复合材料结构模型在湿热环境下的力学行为提供了重要参考。     

一种VARI工艺成型用树脂及其复合材料的研究

以一种VARI(Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion)成型工艺用环氧树脂RTM6-2为基体,研究了其固化特性,并使用VARI工艺制备了碳纤维增强复合材料层合板,对其性能进行了研究。结果表明:RTM6-2的工艺操作温度为100±10℃,工艺温度下的适用期可达7~9h,树脂浇铸体的经过180℃固化后的玻璃化转变温度为203℃~207℃;层合板的纤维体积含量在56%~57%之间,孔隙率小于1%,玻璃化转变温度为160℃~167℃。同时,通过试验得到了层合板的力学性能。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.