ATS-6 Parabolic Antenna for Mounting Solar Cells

Calculations are made to obtain the raw electrical power that can be generated by using an ATS-6 type deployable parabolic dish as a surface for mounting solar cells without seriously interfering with its normal function as an antenna. A minimum of a few hundred watts to a maximum of a few kilowatts are generated during the apparent course of the Sun around the spacecraft. Academically, it seems that deployable solar cell panels along with their booms can be avoided.     

缓磨烧伤过程的计算机仿真研究

在关于缓磨时的磨削热 ,接触弧区换热过程以及工件表层非稳态温度场的深入研究的基础上 ,构造了一可用于计算缓磨烧伤前后工件表层温度场畸变历程的数学模型 ,并据此完成了关于缓磨烧伤过程的计算机仿真研究 ,仿真结果与实际吻合良好 ,它率先阐明了缓磨烧伤的热机理并且证明了缓磨烧伤是一具有明显前兆特征的典型渐变过程     

TC4合金低塑性抛光过程数值模拟

为了研究低塑性抛光工艺参数对材料表面性能的影响,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS对TC4合金板材低塑性抛光表面强化过程进行了数值模拟。运用单因素试验法分别分析了液压油预压力、滚压速度、滚压道次、进给量4个工艺参数对表面残余应力的影响。结果表明:液压油预压力对残余应力分布影响最大,增加液压油预压力可使残余压应力层深度明显增加;滚压速度和滚压道次主要影响表面残余应力,表面残余压应力随滚压速度减小和滚压道次增加而增大;进给量对残余应力分布均匀性有显著影响,减小进给量可使均匀性增高。通过对比残余应力分布,建议液压油预压力设为450 N,滚压速度取为10 mm/s,进给量取为0.1 mm,滚压道次选择为3次。研究结果可为TC4合金低塑性抛光试验工艺参数选取提供理论参考。     

Analysis of a Multiplicative Feed System for Monopulse Tracking Applications

In angle tracking antenna applications, the angle sensing boresight accuracy capabilities are important. The ability of an antenna to precisely determine the bearing angle to a point source is determined by the slope of the control function pattern at boresight. In the presence of extraneous interference, the magnitudes of the sidelobe and backlobe responses are important. Control pattern slope (angular sensitivity) is primarily a function of aperture illumination. It can be described by a current distribution in intensity and phase at every point. Once distribution is defined, lobe structure is defined by the associated transform. When more than one feed is used, the distribution will be a vector sum of the individual feed distributions. The resulting secondary pattern can be defined in terms of the amplitude distribution and the phase center locations of the contributing feeds. With a four-horn monopulse configuration, the feed phase centers are displaced from the boresight axis. Placing the phase centers on the boresight axis by rotating the feeds through 45 degrees results in a different set of intensity and phase values. A quite different secondary pattern results. The control function obtained by the subtraction of the powers from a paired set of on-axis feeds results in a lower sidelobe level than that obtained with a conventional monopulse combiner for a given feed taper.     

Time-domain modeling of a cutter exiting a workpiece in the slot milling process

In a milling operation, there must be processes of a cutter entering and exiting the work-piece boundary. The cutter exit is usually in the feed direction and the dynamic response is different from that in the normal cutting process. This paper presents a new time-domain modeling of mechanics and dynamics of the cutter exit process for the slot milling process. The cutter is assumed to exit the workpiece for the first time with one tooth right in the feed direction. The dynamic chip thickness is summed up along the feed direction and compared with the remaining workpiece length in the feed direction to judge whether the cutter is ready to exit the workpiece or not. The developed model is then used for analyzing the cutting force and machining vibration in the cutter exit process. The developed mathematical model is experimentally validated by comparing the simulated forces and vibrations against the measured data collected from real slotting milling tests. The study shows that stable cutting parameters cannot guarantee stable cutting in a cutter exit process and further study can be performed to control the vibration amplitude in this specific process.     

3-D Radar Based on Phase-in-Space Principle

A height-finding technique utilizing the relative phase between a series of point sources of a traveling-wave array is described. The point sources in the focal region of a torus antenna are used to control the phase of the antenna elevation pattern in space. Signals received from a given beam angle will arrive at each terminal of the traveling-wave feed with a different phase. By comparing this phase with a reference phase, the angular direction of an arriving plane wave can be measured with considerable accuracy. Thus a radar system with a single antenna and feed structure can be employed to yield instantaneous height coverage along with the usual range data.     

端点误差控制刀位算法的改进

 对端点误差控制数控加工刀位算法进行了改进：采用2个端点间偏置距离代替它们的参数差值用于衡量加工带宽和进行加工误差控制,提出了一种新的采用循环迭代计算刀具旋转角度的方法,并给出了格点法对偏置方向角进行优化的过程;使得算法不受具体的曲面参数化方式影响,简化了刀具定位时计算量,刀位得到了充分的优化。利用UG二次开发技术进行的实例计算表明：设置走刀方向沿着曲面的最小主曲率方向比沿着曲面的最大主曲率方向加工带宽更宽,前者应该是该算法的最优走刀方向,而且沿着最优方向走刀的优化刀位和多点切触加工算法得到的加工刀位一致,该算法也比多点切触加工算法有更大的适应性。     

泵压式固液火箭发动机系统仿真与优化设计

提出了以高质量分数过氧化氢为氧化剂的泵压式固液火箭发动机的系统仿真和优化设计方法.利用高质量分数过氧化氢易催化分解的特点,建立了采用泵压式输送系统的固液火箭发动机系统仿真模型,并应用遗传算法分别对采用挤压式和泵压式两种输送系统的固液火箭发动机开展优化设计.结果显示:虽然增加了管路系统的复杂性,但在总冲相同时,泵压式固液火箭发动机在质量、体积、比冲等性能上均优于挤压式固液火箭发动机,因此具有更大的工程应用潜力和优势.      

火箭发动机泵后供应系统水力激振试验

为了研究某型发动机泵后供应系统的动力学特性,对全尺寸的氧泵后供应系统在中、高频范围内开展了水力激振试验。试验数据表明:供应系统的谐振特性被激发起来。在试验条件下,可以清晰地辨识出泵后供应系统的前4阶谐振频率和振型。第1阶谐振频率响应幅值最高,第2阶和第3阶相当,响应幅值次之,第4阶响应幅值再次之。在外界扰动下,该发动机泵后供应系统能够较容易地达到流体谐振状态,当外界扰动频率接近其谐振频率时,供应系统沿程脉动压力出现了明显的共振波形。在不同的谐振频率下,喷前腔位置均为压力振荡的波节位置,也即为流量振荡的波腹位置。      

Al2O3陶瓷蠕动进给超声磨削加工表面质量的试验研究

为探索利用简单形状砂轮对陶瓷材料进行数控展成型面超声磨削,通过对Al2O3陶瓷进行蠕动进给超声磨削和机械磨削对比试验研究,探索各加工参数对磨削表面质量的影响规律.结果表明:超声振动方向与蠕动进给方向平行时可降低表面粗糙度值,而超声振动方向与蠕动进给方向垂直时则不利于改善加工表面质量;在超声磨削条件下,为了提高加工表面质量,应采取较小的磨削深度、较低的进给速度和适当高的磨削速度以及复合进给磨削方式.结合试验结果理论分析了蠕动进给超声磨削和蠕动进给机械磨削加工机理,并根据试验结果选择磨削参数进行了陶瓷叶片型面超声磨削的可行性试验.     

Analysis and control of inter-electrode gap during leveling process in counter-rotating electrochemical machining

The inter-electrode gap (IEG) is an essential parameter for the anode shaping process in electrochemical machining (ECM) and directly affects the machining accuracy. In this paper, the IEG during the leveling process of an oval anode workpiece in counter-rotating ECM (CRECM) is investigated. The variation of the minimum IEG is analyzed theoretically, and the results indicate that rather than reaching equilibrium, the minimum IEG in CRECM expands constantly when a constant feed speed is used for the cathode tool. This IEG expansion leads to a poor localization effect and has an adverse influence on the roundness of the machined workpiece. To maintain a small constant IEG in CRECM, a variable feed speed is used for the cathode based on a fitted equation. The theoretical results show that the minimum IEG can be controlled at a small value by using an accelerated feed speed. Experiments have been conducted using a specific experimental apparatus in which the cathode tool is designed as a combined structure of two sectors and a thin sheet. By detecting the machining currents flowing through the minimum IEG, how the latter varies is obtained indirectly. The results indicate that using an accelerated feed speed is effective for controlling the IEG, thereby improving the roundness of the machined workpiece.     

燃油气液比对飞机吸力供油的影响研究

吸力供油是民用飞机燃油系统的基本功能,燃油气液状态是影响吸力供油能力的关键性因素。以某型飞机为例,通过严格的试验方法,对吸力供油能力进行了验证,并以试验数据为基础,对燃油气液比进行计算,分析了其产生的影响。研究结果可用于指导飞机燃油系统设计和发动机性能评定。     

Experimental investigation of rotary sinking electrochemical discharge milling with high-conductivity salt solution and non-pulsed direct current

Electrochemical milling is a modified technique of traditional electrochemical machining (ECM) that can be used to manufacture some helicopter transmission system parts. The use of rotary tools and an inner-jet electrolyte supply pattern can greatly improve the material removal rate (MRR) in a single pass. However, the feed speed is generally limited to minimize the tool wear. To increase the MRR, electrical discharge machining (EDM) is introduced into the electrochemical milling process. The tool rotation is employed to interrupt the discharge and the high-conductivity salt solution and non-pulsed direct current power supply are also adopted to increase ECM, eventually, a new machining method is proposed, which can be called rotary sinking electrochemical discharge milling (RSECD milling). The mechanism of it is explored in this study by analyzing the machined current, MRR, surface morphology, and tool wear at different applied voltages and feed speeds. Besides, the RSECD milling using the tool with a larger diameter is also conducted to further verify the effectiveness. In particular, the MRR can be increased by 742.5% when using the tool with a diameter of 20 mm at the applied voltage of 20 V.     

无隙锥形旋流器燃烧室中流场分叉现象成因的探讨

本文以实验为依据, 结合分析和推理, 对在无隙锥形旋流器燃烧室中发生的流场分叉现象的成因进行了初步探讨。      

TC4钛合金侧铣加工表面形貌分析及工艺参数优化

TC4钛合金是 1种典型的不易加工材料,其切削加工表面质量很难控制。为实现面向侧铣加工表面形貌的切削工艺参数优选,开展了 TC4钛合金侧铣加工实验研究。首先,探究了加工表面微观缺陷特征及其形成机制;然后,采用粗糙度参数 Ra和 Sa对铣削表面形貌进行定量表征,并分析了切削速度、进给量和切削深度对表面粗糙度参数的影响;最后,基于遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)对铣削工艺参数进行了优化。研究发现,加工表面微观缺陷主要有进给刀痕等固有缺陷和黏附颗粒等随机缺陷。铣削表面粗糙度随主轴转速的增大先减小后增大;随径向切深的增大先增大后减小;随进给量先增大后减小。在主轴转速 n = 1 093 r/min、径向切深 ae = 0.2 mm、每转进给量 f = 0.06 mm/r的条件下可以获得较小的表面粗糙度。     

某型航空发动机高原起动供油规律研究

以某型航空发动机作为研究平台,通过对发动机起动工作过程和起动供油调节分析,研究了地面平原起动供油和高原起动供油关系。在兼顾了空中起动的基础上,提出了在高原环境下的起动供油控制规律:调整改变自动起动器和起动放气嘴。以发动机在平原地区机场起动调整方法为基础,得到了在高原机场起动调整方法,并在高原机场试验验证中取得满意结果,解决了发动机在高原进气气压低,含氧量较少,温度较高,一系列恶劣的进气条件下起动中热悬挂、冷悬挂、起动失速等起动极限问题,可为其他型号发动机的高原起动借鉴。     

Two low-cost phased arrays

In a phased array antenna, the phase shifters (or T/R modules in an active aperture phased array) with their beam-steering control circuitry along with the feed network account for the major hardware cost. This paper presents two antenna array configurations that use simpler feed, simpler phase-shifting and simpler beam-steering control circuitry for realizing low-cost phased arrays. Both are lens configurations. The first one uses a Radant lens, which provides a medium that is loaded with diodes and provides the needed phase shift by switching the diodes on and off. The other configuration employs a ferroelectric dielectric material whose dielectric constant can be varied with an applied DC bias voltage. It is shown that the ferroelectric lens may have further advantages of smaller thickness, simpler beam-steering controls and lower cost     

椭圆振动切削加工的同步控制研究

利用椭圆振动切削加工的回转体表面微织构是在机床主轴旋转、平台进给和装置椭圆振动的联合运动下得到的,机床主轴转动与装置位移输出如果不能保持完全的实时同步,会造成微织构加工的偏差。为了解决这一问题,提出了一种新的基于转角的同步控制方法,该方法在主轴的对位基准处实现装置正弦信号的复位,以修正转速漂移造成的加工位置误差,并通过判断主轴角度信号实时输出对应幅值电压来实时同步信号输出和机床旋转运动。基于LabVIEW FPGA搭建同步控制模块,经试验验证,利用该方法加工的矩形阵列微织构轴向排列与中轴线平行,与周向排列的夹角和仿真结果的偏差不超过0.1°,织构深度随转角的不同发生预设的变化,因此,同步控制方法具有实时同步控制椭圆振动切削装置的能力。     

Multimode adaptive signal processing: a new approach to GMTI radar

We show how a single reflector antenna with a multimode feed horn can be used in a ground moving target indication (GMTI) radar. In particular, we demonstrate the simultaneous detection and estimation of angular location of a ground moving target via adaptive cancellation of ground clutter     

Electrochemical machining on blisk channels with a variable feed rate mode

Electrochemical machining (ECM) is an economical and effective method for blisk manufacturing and includes two steps: channel machining and profile machining. The allowance distribution after the channel machining will directly affect the profile machining. Therefore, to improve the uniformity of allowance distribution in the machining of channels, a method that incorporates a variable feed rate mode is developed. During the machining process, the feed rates are dynamically changed according to the needs of the side gap at the different feed depths. As a result, the side gaps at the different feed depths vary, contributing to a decrease in the allowance difference. In this study, the dissolution processes of a blisk channel are simulated using different feed rates, and prediction profiles are obtained. Based on the prediction profiles, the relationship among the feed rate, feed depth, and side gap is established. Then, the feed rates at different feed depths are adjusted according to the relationship. In addition, contrast experiments are conducted. Compared with blisk channel ECM using a constant feed rate of 1 mm/min, using the variable feed rate decreases the allowance differences in the convex and concave parts by 62.2 % and 67.4 %, respectively. This indicates that using the variable feed rate in the ECM process for a blisk channel is feasible and efficient.