以学期总结与规划为抓手的学生工作模式研究

从个性化教育的需要出发,提出基于学期总结与规划的因材施教法学生工作研究的新思路,旨在通过学期总结与规划为抓手和因材施教法相结合指导学生大学生活规划,通过学生书写每学期总结与下学期规划以及老师的一对一辅导,把握学生的个性化特征和潜质,帮助学生认知自我,因材施教,实现学生主观志趣与其个性特质的统一,跟踪学生的发展轨迹,并及时进行调整。结果表明,该工作模式操作性强,学生认可度高,有助于学生形成正确的人生观和做好人生规划。     

有源天线联试中的几点实用经验与分析

有源天线顾名思义,不仅仅包含传统意义上的无源部件,更多地是向系统级别迈进,这就要求天线设计研制人员需要掌握更多的＂有源＂部件方面的知识。文章给出了某有源天线联试过程中所积累的一些经验,并对其进行了分析,为更多从事有源天线设计的技术人员提供参考。     

Globalization and commercialization of satellite broadcasting: current issues

The issues of freedom of information and protection of national sovereignty have been brought to the fore by the global spread of satellite broadcasting. This article discusses the issues and the international legal strategies that have been adopted to deal with them. It is suggested that the European model—in which states have no right to interfere with reception but broadcasters are obliged to fill 50% of their content with European programs—presents a blueprint that others could follow.     

Remote sensing of natural resources : Legal and political considerations for the Third World

A state's posture on remote sensing of the Earth by orbiting satellites varies depending upon whether it is a ‘sensing’ or a ‘sensed’ state, upon its present economic status, and upon its economic and political history. This article considers the international legal questions related to remote sensing and discusses the political aspects with special emphasis upon the views of the Third World. The author concludes that, unless Third World states and others who support them alter their views somewhat, it is probable that remote sensing of natural resources will continue without specific legal guidelines.     

Ten decisions that could shake the world

Contact with extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI) will force policy makers to make some decisions, and will present opportunities for them to influence events by making others. The choices they make could have a profound impact on the human future. This paper describes 10 categories of decisions and briefly discusses their implications. The 10 categories are: (1) calling attention to ourselves; (2) information release and access to the signal; (3) managing political reactions; (4) who speaks for the Earth; (5) what we should say; (6) who decides; (7) how we conduct relations; (8) intensifying the search; (9) expanding human presence and capabilities; (10) adopting an extraterrestrial strategy for the human species.     

大学英语教学与中学英语教学之比较

充分认识中学英语教学与大学英语教学的不同，帮助学生尽快完成从中学到到大学的转变，激发学生的学习热情，调动其学习的主动性，从而提高教学效果。     

Remote sensing: A case for moving space data towards the public good

This paper discusses whether current international and national regulation of remote sensing activities achieves a true balance between proprietary interests of producers of remote sensing data and information and the needs of the community in accessing that data and information. By subjecting remote sensing data to general copyright restrictions that are often coupled with exclusive licences, irrespective of type or use of data and/or information, the development of important secondary information markets could be negatively hampered. In the long run, over-regulating access to space data may prove counter-productive in the information age. Using examples of different modes of information dissemination currently being practised, the paper highlights the balances to be drawn between legal issues of private ownership of data and information and public good interests. It concludes with suggestions for a more coherent regulatory approach.     

Can the demos make a difference? Prospects for participatory democracy in shaping the future course of US space exploration

US space exploration policy deliberations tend not to include citizens who lack direct, vested financial interests in the space enterprise. Could expanding the circle of US space policy development players to involve citizens more aptly serve space exploration and the interests of American democratic society in the 21st century? I evaluate the merits and feasibility of citizen participation, drawing upon democratic theory and scholarship analyzing public participation in techno-scientific matters, previous experiences of public involvement in space exploration policy formation, and reflections on my professional experiences in space policy development. I argue that public engagement will enrich the debate surrounding the US future in space and may point toward a program American citizens will support as a meaningful future in the cosmos. I suggest three guiding principles and outline four mechanisms that, if embraced by US space policy makers, could foster meaningful public participation in informing the US space exploration agenda.     

传输/反射法测量复介电常数的三个方程研究

介绍了利用传输／反射参数测量复介电常数的三个方程。利用奇偶模方法分析传输线与二端口网络，得到传播常数与归一化特性阻抗的解析解。进而得到确定复介电常数的三个方程。利用这些方程仅用一次测量解决已有传输／反射法中存在的低损耗材料的厚度谐振问题、多值性问题及其它问题。讨论了利用这三个方程通过一次测量解决上述问题的方法并分析了这些方程的测量不确定度。最后给出了实验结果。     

Mars habitat modules: launch, scaling and functional design considerations

The Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA) is undertaking a multi-year research, planning and design study that is exploring near- and long-term commercial space development opportunities. The central goal of this activity is to conceptualize a scenario of sequential, integrated private enterprise initiatives that can carry humankind forward to Mars. Each development stage is planned as a building block to provide the economic foundation, technology advancements and operational infrastructure to support others that follow. This report presents fundamental issues and requirements associated with planning human Mars initiatives that can transfer crews, habitats and equipment from Earth to Mars orbit, deliver them to the planet's surface, and return people and samples safely back to Earth. The study builds in part upon previous studies which are summarized in SICSA's: Commercial Space Development Plan and the Artificial Gravity Science and Excursion Vehicle reports. Information and conclusions produced in this study provide assumptions and a conceptual foundation for a subsequent report titled The First Mars Outpost: Planning and Concepts.     

Policy assessment of the impacts of remote-sensing technology

The successful innovation and diffusion of commercial satellite enterprises may soon encroach upon the military's historic predominance in remote-sensing capabilities. The increasing world demand for remote-sensing data and services and the forces of globalization have opened unprecedented opportunities for informational and technological trade for industrialized nations, while simultaneously creating a risk to both state security and individual privacy rights. Even as scientists and international trade advocates have sought technologies to bolster information flows, the intelligence and military communities have sought to restrict technological access in the interest of national security. The tension caused by concentrating power among various levels of government is an intrinsic part of democratic government; however, remote-sensing technologies could disrupt the balance between concentrated interests (federal government officials and agencies) and diffused interests (local governments and individual citizens). This paper aims to examine holistically the opposing forces underlying the development, diffusion, and use of remote-sensing technologies. The analysis reveals the dimensions of this problem and provides insight into the efficacy of various short- and long-term government policies.     

Implementing international co-operation in space exploration

This article discusses the outcomes of an April 2005 workshop held at ISU in Strasbourg. Experts sought to tailor an international co-ordination mechanism that would achieve the classical benefits of international co-operation for the unique venture of space exploration. The mechanism they developed provides a permanent forum for those with vested interests in exploration (currently space agencies in key spacefaring nations) to exchange information about national plans and activities so as to build confidence in one another's programs and, to the extent they choose, to develop beneficial interdependencies. The product of this co-ordination effort would be a consolidated international exploration roadmap that would both inform and reflect national program decisions. The co-ordination mechanism would simultaneously involve, but in less central roles, other important interested parties (industry, the science community, other countries without current exploration programs), whose advice is important to the development of a consolidated roadmap. Recognizing that the stakeholders in exploration will almost certainly evolve over time, the mechanism also presents the flexibility to accommodate new players (e.g. companies and countries not yet with investments in exploration) in more central roles as they become stakeholders with vested interests in exploration.     

试论全面质量成本管理

质量成本管理在工业企业经营活动中起着举足轻重的作用,质量成本分析是财务管理的重要组成部分,加强质量成本分析有利于企业进行成本控制,有利于企业选择最优的质量成本模型,使企业以最小的投入获得最大的经济效益。     

The future regulation of suborbital flight in Europe

The EU 7th Framework Project FAST20XX [1] aimed to enlarge the foundations of suborbital high-speed transportation in a wide variety of fields. One of the key issues of this project was to outline a desirable regulatory framework that would best serve the interests of all European stakeholders in this new activity.     

美国对其GPS采取的国策

从兼顾美国经济利益和国家安全目标、GPS及其增强系统的管理、国家安全及对外政策四个方面综合考察了美国对其GPS所采取的最新国策。     

ESA''s new intellectual property policy

This paper outlines the new intellectual property policy for ESA research and development contracts and how the new general contract provisions achieve a balance between the interests of the individual contractor, the member states and ESA's need to improve the competitive position of European industry as a whole.     

Whose jurisdiction over the US commercial satellite industry? Factors affecting international security and competition

Within a global economy, export controls play a large role in hindering the proliferation of high technology. A company operating in a country that operates under more strict export controls than others is at a serious disadvantage in competing. This has been the case for commercial satellite (comsat) manufacturers in the USA since 1999, when Congress redefined comsats and all technologies associated with them from a dual-use export under the jurisdiction of the Department of Commerce to a munitions export that falls under the jurisdiction of the Department of State. Following this, there was a drastic drop in the market share of US comsat manufacturers in comparison to European manufacturers, who continued to define satellites as a dual-use technology. This paper examines the various factors that have affected US industry competitiveness and tackles the question of whether or not it continues to make sense to keep comsats under the more restrictive International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) controls. To accomplish this, comsats are subjected to a litmus test created by George Zaphiriou in 1992 to determine whether a technology should be placed under ITAR controls.     

Soyuz in French Guiana: A strategic perspective

After a proposition from Russia to France, ESA agreed to see Soyuz rockets take off from French Guiana. From industry, to governments and agencies, many Russian and European actors were involved in this project and they all had different motives. It is therefore relevant to try to discern them so as to understand the rationale behind this cooperative endeavor. Soyuz's primary role is to consolidate Arianespace commercial position in the launching market and to bring activity and founding to a stagnating Russian space sector. With this decision Arianespace will have a full range of commercially available launchers with Soyuz completing the two European rockets Vega and Ariane V. But since Vega and Ariane must have the priority, there is a risk to see an insufficient launch rate for Soyuz, which would not satisfy the Russian partners. Commercial elements alone cannot justify the agreement. There is a larger strategic ambition behind. What is at stake is the future development of innovative launch systems. It is important for ESA to maintain an autonomous access to space and to maintain a dynamic and strong European propulsion industry. Cooperation with Russia can offer an increase of expandable rockets capabilities and can pave for the next generation of launch vehicles. Moreover, we can detect an interest in acquiring a system that has the potential for human space flight capacity. Finally, the decision to launch Soyuz from French Guiana was the conjunction of Russian and French national interests, which led to a complete redefinition of the relations between Europe and Russia. It is of strategic importance that we, Europeans, adapt to this evolution and understand the new place that Russia takes in our space sector.     

大学英语教学中创新能力的培养

首先明确了创新的定义并在此基础上探索了大学英语教学上的弊端。其次联系“创新”这一概念,就如何在大学英语教学中培养学生的创新能力进行了阐述。最后,就应该如何在大学英语课堂上激发学生的创新能力提出了具有实际意义的建议。     

浅议我国个人所得税实施中存在的问题及解决对策

个人所得税在调节个人收入、增加财政收入、维护国家权益等方面发挥了积极作用,但是随着我国经济的发展,在实施个人所得税中也逐渐暴露出一些问题。本文针对这些问题,进行了深刻的分析,并提出了解决的对策。