共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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给出了一种适用于中、远程自主交会的改进制导算法。建立了交会两飞行器的相 对运动动力学模型;给出了可用于获取主、被动飞行器在惯性空间信息的轨道预报算法,并 且本预报算法是基于轨道要素描述的,同时考虑了J2项引力摄动,具有较高精度 。最后建立了用于优化制导指令速度的优化算法,和优化制导时间的燃料最优目标函数,优 化后的指令速度可使主动飞行器更精确地到达预定交会点。给出的数值仿真算例显示, 对于中、远程交会任务,单纯的C\|W制导算法所带来的终端误差较大,而改进的交会制导 算法可以十分明显地提高远程自主交会的制导精度。 相似文献
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结合月球轨道交会对接任务的特殊性和中国探月工程的实际工程约束,介绍了嫦娥五号任务月球轨道交会对接远程导引轨道设计,包括轨道器调相和上升器远程导引两方面内容,重点介绍了月球轨道交会对接远程导引多脉冲调相轨道方案的选择、标称轨道优化设计、轨控策略和误差分析结果以及实际飞行轨道控制的情况。飞行实践数据分析表明:嫦娥五号任务月球轨道交会对接远程导引轨道设计是正确合理的,实际飞行的速度增量满足推进剂预算的要求,全飞行过程测控条件良好,交班点控制精度完全满足转自主控制的要求,有力保障了交会对接和样品转移的顺利完成。 相似文献
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面向大椭圆轨道航天器交会对接、编队伴飞以及在轨操控等空间应用的需求,对大椭圆轨道上航天器间的相对运动进行了分析与建模,采用幂级数法分别在脉冲推力和常值推力作用两种情况下对系统进行了近似求解。通过对系统解的变换以及对系统状态的重构,给出了大椭圆轨道上的三种交会制导律。脉冲推力作用假设下的脉冲制导类似近圆轨道的Hill制导方法。常值推力作用假设下的全状态反馈制导律则在交会制导、相对悬停和循迹绕飞控制的过程中实现了对相对位置和相对速度的同步控制。通过构造新的系统状态,改进的变系数全状态反馈制导律提高了相对速度的制导精度,降低了相对制导过程中的最大轨控加速度。三种制导律的制导效果通过数学仿真进行了校验和比较,文中给出的方法实现了椭圆轨道上相对交会制导、悬停保持和循迹绕飞控制。 相似文献
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小推力速度闭环交会制导律设计 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在空间飞行器交会对接的近程导引阶段,以小推力喷气发动机作为执行机构,同时完成轨道控制和姿态稳定.基于C-W方程提出了速度闭环交会制导方案,依据转动惯量是否为对角占优阵,姿态与轨道协调控制采用分时控制方案或同时控制方案,轨控推力和姿控力矩指令由同一套小推力发动机来执行.分析了此方案的制导误差,并提出了分步多推力弧段的小推力交会制导方法以提高制导精度.基于MATLAB/Simulink仿真平台实现了两个空间飞行器的分步多推力弧段近程交会导引仿真,仿真结果证实了所采用方法的有效性. 相似文献
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针对空间交会视线相对运动动力学模型具有时变非线性和参数不确定性的特点,提出了一种基于非线性滑动模态的自主交会变结构制导算法。通过将视线运动模型划分为横向和纵向运动模型,分别设计了相应的非线性滑动模态。横向滑动模态是一种由视线角速率、视线角和时间构成的非线性函数,而纵向滑动模态则是由距离、速率以及时间构成的非线性函数。然后,根据Lyapunov稳定性理论分别推导了横向和纵向自主交会变结构制导规律。横向制导实现了带有末端方位角约束的自主接近;纵向制导保证了软交会所要求的距离和速度协同控制。仿真结果表明,设计的方法在只使用相对信息量的前提下克服了交会模型的耦合非线性和参数不确定性,并能适用于不同高度圆轨道和椭圆轨道上的V-bar和R-bar自主交会任务。 相似文献
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本文用中间轨道法研究飞行器的显式制导。第一部份研究了需要速度的显式制导方法,给出了制导公式。第二部份研究利用外部信息估计落点偏差。分析表明,在自由飞行段5点测高可以估出落点偏差。所有结果可用于研究卫星拦截、交会和卫星轨道转移。 相似文献
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针对静止轨道卫星在轨服务任务,提出一种4脉冲远程快速交会规划方法,可在5圈内完成远程交会。调相策略设计中,通过对基于近圆偏差方程的变轨规划策略进行改进,设计得到了3脉冲调相方案。首先,固定第1和第2调相脉冲执行位置,对3个调相脉冲的速度增量及第3调相脉冲的执行位置进行设计优化;再固定第1调相脉冲,对第2和第3调相脉冲的速度增量和执行位置进行再次优化。轨道面调整设计中,通过求解轨道面节线位置,采用单一法向脉冲进行轨道面修正。数学仿真校验了所提出方法的有效性。 相似文献
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多冲量轨道交会问题算法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《航天器工程》2021,30(1):23-30
针对平面内轨道交会问题给出了一种多冲量轨道控制算法,其融合了半长轴、偏心率、近地点幅角联合控制方法和轨道相位捕获控制方法。首先建立了等点火时长计算模型和理论起控时刻计算模型,在此基础上设计了控制序列自动调整算法。基于该算法,在给定测控条件、单次控制最大点火时长等约束条件下,可快速求解实现与目标航天器轨道交会的多冲量控制策略。最后,通过轨道交会问题算例,验证了算法的有效性。该方法可应用于轨迹捕获、航天器组网控制、航天器交会远程导引等航天场景。 相似文献
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给出了同平面HEO-LEO实现空间交会的必要条件;研究了基于气动辅助轨道转移技术实现同平面HEO-LEO的空间交会方案,通过设计一条标准的同平面HEO-LEO气动辅助轨道转移的最优轨迹,得到了轨道转移飞行器(OTV)与目标实现交会必须满足的标准相角;最后对大气飞行段设计了非线性最优闭环导引律,通过引入Lyapunov最陡下降函数,对函数中相应参数进行适当调整,使应用闭环导引律得到的大气内飞行轨迹与最优轨迹充分接近,仿真结果表明该气动辅助空间交会方法正确、可行。 相似文献
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文章介绍了绳系系统交会对接这项新技术在空间中的应用。主要包括:空间站利用系绳与航天器交会对接,实现为空间站提供各种供给;利用绳系系统与空间碎片对接,可回收或转移空间碎片,保护空间环境;利用一级或多级的绳系系统组成轨道转移系统,实现向地球同步轨道或火星轨道上转移和运送有效载荷。文章还介绍了绳系交会对接系统的设计,包括系统的一般控制方法和算法以及系统的结构设计。随着各项相关技术的发展,绳系卫星系统交会对接将发挥更大作用。 相似文献
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This paper presents a fixed-time glideslope guidance algorithm that is capable of guiding the spacecraft approaching a target vehicle on a quasi-periodic halo orbit in real Earth–Moon system. To guarantee the flight time is fixed, a novel strategy for designing the parameters of the algorithm is given. Based on the numerical solution of the linearized relative dynamics of the Restricted Three-Body Problem (expressed in inertial coordinates with a time-variant nature), the proposed algorithm breaks down the whole rendezvous trajectory into several arcs. For each arc, a two-impulse transfer is employed to obtain the velocity increment (delta-v) at the joint between arcs. Here we respect the fact that instantaneous delta-v cannot be implemented by any real engine, since the thrust magnitude is always finite. To diminish its effect on the control, a thrust duration as well as a thrust direction are translated from the delta-v in the context of a constant thrust engine (the most robust type in real applications). Furthermore, the ignition and cutoff delays of the thruster are considered as well. With this high-fidelity thrust model, the relative state is then propagated to the next arc by numerical integration using a complete Solar System model. In the end, final corrective control is applied to insure the rendezvous velocity accuracy. To fully validate the proposed guidance algorithm, Monte Carlo simulation is done by incorporating the navigational error and the thrust direction error. Results show that our algorithm can effectively maintain control over the time-fixed rendezvous transfer, with satisfactory final position and velocity accuracies for the near-range guided phase. 相似文献
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Fast solar sail rendezvous mission to near Earth asteroids 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The concept of fast solar sail rendezvous missions to near Earth asteroids is presented by considering the hyperbolic launch excess velocity as a design parameter. After introducing an initial constraint on the hyperbolic excess velocity, a time optimal control framework is derived and solved by using an indirect method. The coplanar circular orbit rendezvous scenario is investigated first to evaluate the variational trend of the transfer time with respect to different hyperbolic excess velocities and solar sail characteristic accelerations. The influence of the asteroid orbital inclination and eccentricity on the transfer time is studied in a parametric way. The optimal direction and magnitude of the hyperbolic excess velocity are identified via numerical simulations. The found results for coplanar circular scenarios are compared in terms of fuel consumption to the corresponding bi-impulsive transfer of the same flight time, but without using a solar sail. The fuel consumption tradeoff between the required hyperbolic excess velocity and the achievable flight time is discussed. The required total launch mass for a particular solar sail is derived in analytical form. A practical mission application is proposed to rendezvous with the asteroid 99942 Apophis by using a solar sail in combination with the provided hyperbolic excess velocity. 相似文献
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The rendezvous and docking mission is usually divided into several phases, and the mission planning is performed phase by phase. A new planning method using mixed integer nonlinear programming, which investigates single phase parameters and phase connecting parameters simultaneously, is proposed to improve the rendezvous mission’s overall performance. The design variables are composed of integers and continuous-valued numbers. The integer part consists of the parameters for station-keeping and sensor-switching, the number of maneuvers in each rendezvous phase and the number of repeating periods to start the rendezvous mission. The continuous part consists of the orbital transfer time and the station-keeping duration. The objective function is a combination of the propellant consumed, the sun angle which represents the power available, and the terminal precision of each rendezvous phase. The operational requirements for the spacecraft–ground communication, sun illumination and the sensor transition are considered. The simple genetic algorithm, which is a combination of the integer-coded and real-coded genetic algorithm, is chosen to obtain the optimal solution. A practical rendezvous mission planning problem is solved by the proposed method. The results show that the method proposed can solve the integral rendezvous mission planning problem effectively, and the solution obtained can satisfy the operational constraints and has a good overall performance. 相似文献