Excitation control of a synchronous generator using a lookup table

A scheme involving the use of a lookup table is developed for the excitation control of a synchronous generator. The proposed control scheme, generator speed deviation, and acceleration deviation are taken as the input signals. These input signals are sampled and converted to linguistic terms before they are fed into the controller. The controller generates the desired output (control) signal by using a set of production rules (if-then rules) that are based on previous experience to relate the input signals to the output. The output signal is converted from linguistic terms to a numerical value before it is sent to the excitation system of the synchronous machine. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, digital simulations of a synchronous generator subject to a three-phase fault under different operating conditions were performed. It was found that the controller can improve the dynamic performance of a synchronous generator over a wide range of operating conditions. Since the controller does not require model identification, it is computationally efficient and is suitable for online excitation control, using a microcomputer     

大型水陆两栖飞机吹气襟翼设计与分析验证

针对大型水陆两栖飞机的使用特点和指标要求,以原型机翼为基础,重点开展机翼附面层控制增升装置设计技术研究,设计了附面层控制的吹气襟翼方案.采用计算流体动力学方法作为初步设计的评估手段,全面分析评估了设计方案的气动力特性和流场结构,最后通过风洞试验验证了该方案的增升效果.结果显示该设计方案在较宽的吹气动量系数范围内,最大升力系数均有不同程度的增幅,在吹气动量系数约为0.2左右时,获得最大的升力系数增量约为1.0,按照原型机的滑流影响规律推算,当采用吹气襟翼的主动流动控制方案后,起降速度能下降约30%,达到了设计指标.      

一种鲁棒的非线性飞行控制律设计

介绍了一种反馈线性化方法——逆系统方法，用以解决非线性飞行控制。针对逆系统方法存在的误差，介绍了一种鲁棒控制方法——基于RBF神经网络直接自适应控制方法，利用李亚普诺夫稳定性定理推导了神经网络权值的自适应规律，保证了闭环系统的稳定性。设计了针对滚转通道的神经网络，并应用某型号飞机进行了非故障和故障状态的仿真，结果证明，自适应神经网络控制方法补偿作用显著，相当于系统具有一定的重构功能。     

一种新的小型无人机飞行控制策略研究

针对传统控制策略对小型无人机系统计算能力要求高、结构要求复杂的特点,提出了一种新的控制策略,即只采用角速率陀螺和GPS传感器配置,控制器结构采用两层回路实现(即角速率回路和轨迹控制回路)。利用输出反馈二次调节器设计方法得到了相应的控制器结构参数。最后,通过仿真比较了新控制策略和传统控制策略在轨迹控制过程中的控制效果。仿真结果表明,所提出的控制策略具有与传统控制策略相似的控制效果,但新策略下的控制器结构和系统复杂程度都更简单。     

步进电机控制接口实例

文章以脉冲分配器集成电路TD2803P为主，用压控振荡器74LS624进行频率控制，采用直流固态继电器作为驱动器，步进电机采用低压双路供电，改善起动性能。该电路比以硬件为主的传统电路简单，又比以软件实现的环行分配电路节小计算机内部资源和占用I／O接口少，又很容易实现正转，反转，速度，模式，步进步数等控制，是未来步进电机控制接口技术发展的方向。     

微铣削系统中直线电机的应用研究

通过一台开放式数控系统的三轴数控铣床的集成,介绍了PMAC运动控制器及基于PMAC控制器的直线电机的伺服控制,验证了直线电机在PMAC控制下伺服性能优良,从而可以实现复杂曲面的微铣削加工。     

某发动机压缩系统喘振与消喘控制的模拟分析

应用逐级动态压缩系统模拟技术，对某型发动机核心压气机系统的过失速－喘振行为进行了模拟分析，发展了相应的控制主燃烧室切油速率的消除喘振方法，结果表明，主燃烧室切油速率是实施喘振消除的关键，但伴随着压缩系统喘振的消除，发动机涡轮进口总温迅速下降，这将对发动机性能产生不利影响。     

Kinematic modeling and control of a novel pneumatic soft robotic arm

A novel soft robotic arm(SRA) composed of two soft extensible arms(SEAs) and a soft bendable joint(SBJ) for space capture systems is presented in this paper. A diamond origami pattern was applied in the design of the SEAs, and large deformations of the SEAs in positive pressure were simulated using the nonlinear finite element method. A kinematic model of the SRA using the Denavit–Hartenberg method based on the assumption of constant curvatures was proposed. A closed-loop model-free control syst...     

挤压式磁流变液阻尼器—转子系统的振动控制试验

以小型航空发动机的转子和支承结构为设计参考,设计和制造了一种支承在挤压式磁流变液阻尼器上的单盘转子系统,并试验研究了在不同控制电流条件下系统的不平衡响应特性。试验发现,磁拉力对一阶临界转速和临界振幅的影响可以忽略;油膜反力可降低转子系统在无阻尼临界转速处的振幅,并使临界转速增加。根据这一特性,提出用开关控制能使阻尼器具有最佳的减振效果。研究表明,挤压式磁流变液阻尼器具有结构简单、控振效果明显、反馈迅速等特点,在高速柔性转子系统的振动控制中极具应用前景。      

某型训练指挥台电源系统的优化设计

电源系统是为某型训练指挥台内部各设备提供能源支持的基础单元。通过对电源系统的组成结构和功能的系统分析,针对电源系统存在的 3个方面不足,包括:启动冲击电流过大、电源开关存安全隐患以及风扇组交流负载消耗不合理,提出相应的优化措施,即:应用软启动电源降低启动冲击电流、利用低压控制高压提高安全性、使用直流风扇替换交流风扇降低交流负载消耗。实际应用表明,在采用上述优化措施后系统的可靠性和安全性均得 到了明显提高,达到了优化的目的。     

导弹的直接力/气动力控制系统设计

针对临近空间大气稀薄、防空导弹获得气动力较小的问题,提出了一种直接力/气动力复合控制系统设计方案。首先建立了导弹的气动控制系统模型,然后建立了采取轨控方式的直接力控制系统模型。以弹目相对距离作为直接力控制系统开启的判断条件,输出脉冲直接力,将气动力和直接力的控制作用叠加,构成了直接力/气动力复合控制系统,弥补了导弹末制导末段气动过载较小的不足,提高了导弹的制导精度。通过具体的仿真实例及定性分析,验证了该复合控制系统设计方案的有效性和可行性。     

Shape control of spacecraft formation using a virtual spring-damper mesh

This paper derives a distance-based formation control method to maintain the desired formation shape for spacecraft in a gravitational potential field. The method is an analogy of a vir-tual spring-damper mesh. Spacecraft are connected virtually by spring-damper pairs. Convergence analysis is performed using the energy method. Approximate expressions for the distance errors and control accelerations at steady state are derived by using algebraic graph representations and results of graph rigidity. Analytical results indicate that if the underlying graph of the mesh is rigid, the convergence to a static shape is assured, and higher formation control precision can be achieved by increasing the elastic coefficient without increasing the control accelerations. A numerical exam-ple of spacecraft formation in low Earth orbit confirms the theoretical analysis and shows that the desired formation shape can be well achieved using the presented method, whereas the orientation of the formation can be kept pointing to the center of the Earth by the gravity gradient. The method is decentralized, and uses only relative measurement information. Constructing a distributed virtual structure in space can be the general application area. The proposed method can serve as an active shape control law for the spacecraft formations using propellantless internal forces.     

直线电机位置伺服系统的增强复合非线性控制

针对高性能机电系统中常用的直线伺服电机,设计了一个能实现快速与准确的定点运动的位置控制器。控制器采用线性控制律与平滑非线性控制律相结合的方案,并利用一个降阶线性状态观测器对电机运动速度(未量测)加以估计。为了消除未知扰动带来的稳态误差,控制律中嵌入了积分控制作用。整个控制律采用全参数化设计,可实现动态增益控制,方便了在线参数整定与性能优化。控制方案应用于一个实际的永磁直线电机位置伺服系统,基于TMS320F28335 DSC进行了试验测试,结果表明系统能对各目标位置进行准确的跟踪,且具有理想的瞬态性能。     

某型发动机战斗与训练状态控制技术研究

简要介绍了对某型航空发动机在外场使用过程中,实施战斗与训练状态控制的方法及其相应的控制装置。加装该装置的目的是对发动机在平时训练时,实行降负荷使用,以提高飞行安全性,而在作战需要时,可恢复发动机原有状态,以发挥发动机最大潜能。控制装置由单片微机组成,具有自检和故障检查能力。通过试飞和试用证明,控制装置改装简单、工作可靠,取得了满意的效果。      

Full control of a PWM DC-AC converter for AC voltage regulation

The design and implement action of a DSP-based fully digital-controlled single-phase pulsewidth modulated (PWM) dc-ac converter for ac voltage regulation is described. The proposed multiloop digital controller (MDC) consists of a current controller, a voltage controller, and a feedforward controller. This MDC was realized using a single-chip digital signal processor (DSP). The PWM gating signals are determined at every sampling instant by the proposed multiloop digital control scheme using a set of detected feedback signals. A software current control; scheme has been developed to achieve fast current control of the PWM inverter and decouple the inductor of the output filter. Experimental results have been given to verify the proposed digital control scheme. The constructed DSP-based PWM dc-ac converter system can achieve fast dynamic response and with low total harmonic distortion (THD) for rectifier type of loads     

基于固体壳单元的功能梯度材料板壳主动控制模拟仿真

基于假定自然应变法和加强假定应变法,推导了一用于压电层合FGM壳静、动态主动控制模拟的固体壳单元,该单元既可用做实体单元,又可模拟薄曲壳结构,在厚跨比非常小的情况下也能获得令人满意的精度.FGM壳的性能沿厚度方向按一定体积分数幂指数分布,并具有温度相关性,通过改变幂指数n,研究了组分材料体积分数对FGM壳力学性能的影响.采用闭环速度反馈控制算法来模拟压电层合FGM壳的静、动态响应的主动控制,算例表明了算法的有效性.     

挠性飞行器姿态机动脉冲调宽控制系统设计

大挠性充液飞行器喷气姿态控制系统设计是一个复杂和关键的问题,为了抑制挠性振动,设计形状输入信号,选取双曲正切作为平滑函数,并和Bang-Bang控制对比研究.喷气脉冲调制采用工程上易于实现的脉冲调宽（PWM）设计方法,结合积分死区原理设计脉冲宽度,对具有挠性充液动力学特性的对象进行控制,抑制了振动模态和晃动模态,实现了平滑机动控制.通过数学仿真表明,形状输入法和合理的脉冲调宽逻辑可以有效抑制大挠性飞行器姿态机动控制过程中的挠性振动.     

A fuzzy PID-controlled SMA actuator for a two-DOF joint

Shape memory alloy(SMA) actuator is a potential advanced component for servosystems of aerospace vehicles and aircraft. This paper presents a joint with two degrees of freedom(DOF) and a mobility range close to ±60 when driven by SMA triple wires. The fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative(PID)-controlled actuator drive was designed using antagonistic SMA triple wires, and the resistance feedback signal made a closed loop. Experiments showed that, with the driving responding frequency increasing, the overstress became harder to be avoided at the position under the maximum friction force. Furthermore, the hysteresis gap between the heating and cooling paths of the strain-to-resistance curve expanded under this condition. A fuzzy logic control was considered as a solution, and the curves of the wires were then modeled by fitting polynomials so that the measured resistance was used directly to determine the control signal. Accurate control was demonstrated through the step response, and the experimental results showed that under the fuzzy PID-control program, the mean absolute error(MAE) of the rotation angle was about 3.147. In addition, the investigation of the external interference to the system proved the controllable maximum output.     

Design of a canard configured TransCruiser using CEASIOM

CEASIOM is a multidisciplinary software environment for aircraft design that has been developed as part of the European Framework 6 SimSAC project. It closely integrates discipline-specific tools such as those used for CAD, grid generation, CFD, stability analysis and control system design. The environment allows the user to take an initial design from geometry definition and aerodynamics generation through to full six degrees of freedom simulation and analysis. Key capabilities include variable fidelity aerodynamics tools and aeroelasticity modules. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the potential of CEASIOM by presenting the results of a Design, Simulate and Evaluate (DSE) exercise applied to a novel, project specific, transonic cruiser configuration called the TCR. The baseline TCR configuration is first defined using conventional methods, which is then refined and improved within the CEASIOM software environment. A wind tunnel model of this final configuration was then constructed, tested and used to verify the results generated using CEASIOM.