石英玻璃纤维布增强BMP350聚酰亚胺树脂基复合材料性能研究

研究了石英玻纤布增强BMP350聚酰亚胺树脂基复合材料的热物理性能、力学性能和介电性能,结果表明石英玻纤布/BMP350复合材料具有稳定的热物理性能、优良的综合力学性能和优良的电性能,可在320℃下使用。尤其是石英玻纤布/BMP350复合材料的介电性能具有极好的频率稳定性,适合作为高透波材料。     

碳纤维表面处理及其对碳纤维／聚芳基乙炔复合材料力学性能的影响

聚芳基乙炔(PAA)是一种新型的热防护材料,但PAA为非极性树脂,作为基体材料使用时存在着化学结构惰性,不易润湿增强体———碳纤维(CF)的缺点。为此,本工作对CF采用表面氧化处理后接枝丙烯酸的改性方案,研究与非极性基体相匹配的界面特性。结果表明,阳极氧化处理增加了纤维表面的极性官能团,提高了与丙烯酸的接枝反应能力,从而在碳纤维表面引入了与PAA相似的双键结构,有利于改善CF/PAA复合材料的界面结合,使碳纤维 /PAA复合材料的力学性能大幅度提高。     

空心石英纤维增强氮化物基低介电复合材料的制备及其性能

以环硼氮烷和全氢聚硅氮烷组成的混杂先驱体为原料,采用先驱体浸渍-裂解工艺制备了空心石英纤维增强氮化硼-氮化硅混杂基体的复合材料,研究了裂解温度对复合材料的致密化、力学性能、介电性能和断口显微形貌的影响。结果表明,当裂解温度从300℃提高到500℃时,复合材料的密度逐渐增大,材料的弹性模量随之提高,而其弯曲强度先增后减。当裂解温度为400℃时,复合材料表现出最高抗弯强度(132.4MPa),这源于较小的纤维损伤以及基体和纤维之间良好的界面结合状态。随着裂解温度的提高,复合材料的介电常数也逐渐增大,但三种温度下制备的复合材料均具有较低的介电常数(2.60～3.01)和较低的损耗角正切值(小于5×10-3),材料良好的介电性能源于介电性能优异的高纯度空心石英纤维增强相和较低密度的无碳氮化物基体。     

新型耐烧蚀材料研究

研究了碳布增强新型耐烧蚀树脂聚芳基乙炔（PAA）材料的烧蚀性能和力学性能，并与钡酚醛和硼酚醛进行比较。结果表明，PAA树脂的残碳率高于钡酚醛和硼酚醛树脂，C/PAA材料烧蚀性能优异，氧一乙炔线烧蚀率为0.012mm/s、质量烧蚀率为0.0166g/s，但其力学性能较差。     

UHMWPE/PCH复合材料性能研究

采用超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维作增强材料,结构与UHMWPE纤维相似、且对纤维表面具有良好润湿性的全碳氢树脂(PCH)作基体,通过热压成型工艺制备UHMWPE/PCH复合材料,并通过扫描电镜、介电谱仪等方法对复合材料的力学性能、介电性能、吸水、湿热性能及界面粘接性能进行表征.结果表明,UHMwPE/PCH复合材料力学性能良好、介电性能优异、吸水率小、吸湿率低、粘接性能好.     

结构、耐热、透波功能一体化石英/聚酰亚胺研究

采用热压罐工艺制备了石英纤维增强聚酰亚胺复合材料。分别测试了材料室温和350℃下的力学性能、热物理性能及介电性能,对比分析了密度、温度及频率对材料介电性能的影响。结果表明:石英增强聚酰亚胺复合材料在室温~350℃范围内有着良好的力学性能;热导率为0.24~0.28W·m-1·K-1,热膨胀系数约为5.38×10-6/℃;介电常数在2.95~3.10之间,损耗角正切值小于8.0×10-3。     

聚芳基乙炔在RTM工艺中的应用探索

论述了聚芳基乙炔树脂的合成及固化过程,从结构本身分析了碳/PAA复合材料的成碳率、耐烧蚀性、吸湿性、烧蚀破坏原因等。该材料适用于RTM成型工艺。     

超临界CO2技术对空心/实心石英混编纤维表面改性

采用热处理+溶剂浸洗+超临界CO2技术对空心/实心石英混编纤维表面进行预处理,同时利用超临界流体的携带与渗透作用,将KH-560偶联剂引入纤维表面进行改性。采用接触角测试、表/界面张力测试、树脂吸附量测试、力学性能测试、扫描电镜等分别测试纤维表面能、胶液表面张力与接触角、胶液与纤维浸润性,观察纤维表面形貌结构,分析复合材料的力学与介电性能。结果表明:采用热处理+溶剂浸洗+超临界CO2技术可有效去除空心/实心石英混编纤维表面浸润剂,提高纤维表面能,促进胶液与纤维的完全浸润,最终改善复合材料力学与介电性能。     

硅氮烷改性含硅芳炔树脂及其复合材料的性能

采用胺解法合成了二(3-乙炔基苯胺) -二甲基硅烷(SZ),并与含硅芳炔(PSA)树脂熔融共混制

备了PSA/ SZ。利用一系列测试手段考察了PSA/ SZ 树脂的流变行为、固化反应、热稳定性、弯曲、介电性能以

及石英布增强PSA/ SZ 复合材料的力学性能。结果表明,硅氮烷SZ 的加入有效降低了PSA/ SZ 树脂的黏度,

PSA/ SZ 浇铸体的弯曲强度提高了62. 7%,石英纤维增强PSA/ SZ 复合材料的弯曲和层剪强度分别提高了

18． 7%和60. 4%。

     

改性聚芳基乙炔树脂性能研究

通过添加改性剂得到了改性聚芳基乙炔树脂，对树脂和树脂固化物分别进行了差热扫描热分析(DSC)和热重分析(TG)。通过对复合材料的纤维单丝界面剪切强度和层间剪切强度测试，研究了树脂与碳纤维的界面结合性能，并对编织织物增强的改性聚芳基乙炔树脂基体复合材料进行了烧蚀试验。结果表明，改性聚芳基乙炔树脂固化放热减小，而基本不影响其树脂传递模塑(RTM)工艺性和耐高温性能，明显改善了与碳纤维的界面性能，复合材料的界面剪切强度提高了40％-50％，层间剪切强度提高了将近一倍；烧蚀性能与未改性树脂基本相当。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。