On Truncation Error Bounds for Sampling Representations of Band-Limited Signals

All sampling representations of band-limited signals involve infinite sums. The truncation error associated with a given representation is defined as the difference between the signal and an approximating sum utilizing a finite number of terms. In this paper truncation error is expressed as a contour integral for Lagrange interpolation, general Hermite interpolation, the Shannon series (cardinal series), the Fogel derivative series, and multidimensional sampling expansions. Truncation error bounds are obtained under various constraints on the signal magnitude, spectral smoothness, and energy content.     

Plane wave spectrum and boresight error of radome-enclosed antennas

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发动机亚定故障方程组整体优化解分布函数模型

提出了求解发动机亚定故障方程组整体优化解的分布函数模型.该模型利用一种可以控制自变量数值在整体解中分布的分布函数与亚定故障方程组的残差平方和构成复合目标函数,同时以物理合理性准则作为约束条件,构成一个非线性规划问题.分布函数模型可以在小于、等于特别是大于故障方程个数的各种复杂情况下给出全面的故障诊断信息,从而为目前迫切需要解决的发动机性能监控与故障诊断中在测量参数不足的情况下,对发动机进行全面性能诊断的技术难题提供出一种切实可行而又十分有效的数学模型.首次提出了作为评价发动机全面性能诊断算法有效性指标的相似度的概念,并且以JT9D发动机全面性能诊断问题为例,利用Monte Carlo随机模拟方法确定了分布函数模型可以达到的相似度值.研究结果表明,分布函数模型的相似度可达0.9以上.还利用JT9D发动机的实际故障样本对分布函数模型进行了检验.     

内圈沟道损伤直径对滚动轴承振动性能的测度

采用中位数估计和Huber M估计相融合方法对未知分布的时间序列数据进行稳健处理,得到时间序列稳健数据,进一步得到时间序列数据的本征区间、变异率、中位数和平均值,组成时间序列数据的测度.该方法对不同沟道损伤直径条件下滚动轴承振动数据进行研究,结果发现:滚动轴承振动数据的变异率、中位数及平均值的变化趋势一致,与轴承的实际...     

Imperfect Carrier Recovery Effect on Filtered PSK Signals

Coherent demodulation of a PSK signal requires the generation of a local carrier phase reference. Methods are given to determine the detection loss caused by noisy phase recovery and its use in the coherent detection of filtered BPSK and QPSK signals. It is assumed that the phase noise can have a static part and a random component with a Tikhonov-type distribution. The static part is mostly due to offset frequency tracking of the PLL used to recover the carrier, while the random component is due to thermal noise present in the carrier recovery loop and is also due to the random nature of the phase modulation. It is shown that the probability of error of BPSK and QPSK can be expressed as a finite sum of a set of strictly alternating converging series when the number of ISI terms is finite. Upper and lower bounds on the probability of error have been derived when this number becomes infinite and we show how this error rate can be computed with any desired accuracy. Numerical results are presented for various values of static error and phase noise variance when the transmit and receive filters are 4-pole Butterworth filters. For filtered PSK signals and for a bit error rate of 10-6, our results show that the additional degradation in presentday receiver systems due to imperfect carrier recovery can be less than 0.1 dB for BPSK and less than 1 dB for QPSK.     

双级离心压气机回流器流动特点分析

设计了高负荷的双级离心压气机回流器,采用数值模拟的方法,分析了回流器内部主要流动结构,及其流动机理.基于对流动机理的认识,进一步对比分析了进口流场,叶片数,负荷分布形式对回流器流动结构和性能的影响.结果表明,改善进口流场、增加叶片数能够抑制回流器内部的二次流,增加回流器出口流场均匀性;负荷分布形式对回流器流动结构和性能影响较大,前加载的负荷分布形式能够得到更好的性能.     

基于等熵压缩面型面坐标变换的二维曲面压缩面数值模拟

利用坐标变换矩阵对等熵压缩面型面坐标进行缩放变换,得到一系列不同曲率的二维曲面压缩面.利用数值模拟手段对该系列曲面压缩面进行了研究,并与壁面马赫数线性分布和压升规律可控的压缩面进行了比较.结果表明:等熵压缩面型面坐标变换后其长度明显缩短,在相同总偏转角下x轴坐标缩放比例因子为0.7的曲面压缩面长度缩短30%;不同x轴坐标缩放比例因子的曲面压缩面产生分散、不汇聚于一点的压缩波并能保持等熵压缩的流动特征,壁面压力分布得到一定程度的改善且随着x轴坐标缩放比例因子的减小,壁面马赫数逐渐趋于呈线性分布;x轴坐标缩放比例因子为0.5的曲面压缩面同壁面马赫数线性分布的压缩面在流场结构、壁面压力、壁面马赫数分布以及出口截面总压恢复系数、出口截面马赫数分布方面具有高度的相似性.      

Spatially distributed target detection in non-Gaussian clutter

Two detection schemes for the detection of a spatially distributed, Doppler-shifted target in non-Gaussian clutter are developed. The non-Gaussian clutter is modeled as a spherically invariant random vector (SIRV) distribution. For the first detector, called the non-scatterer density dependent generalized likelihood ratio test (NSDD-GLRT), the detector takes the form of a sum of logarithms of identical functions of data from each individual range cell. It is shown under the clutter only hypothesis, that the detection statistic has the chi-square distribution so that the detector threshold is easily calculated for a given probability of false alarm P_F. The detection probability P_D is shown to be only a function of the signal-to-clutter power ratio (S/C)_opt of the matched filter, the number of pulses N, the number of target range resolution cells J, the spikiness of the clutter determined by a parameter of an assumed underlying mixing distribution, and P_F. For representative examples, it is shown that as N, J, or the clutter spikiness increases, detection performance improves. A second detector is developed which incorporates a priori knowledge of the spatial scatterer density. This detector is called the scatterer density dependent GLRT (SDD-GLRT) and is shown for a representative case to improve significantly the detection performance of a sparsely distributed target relative to the performance of the NSDD-GLRT and to be robust for a moderate mismatch of the expected number of scatterers. For both the NSDD-GLRT and SDD-GLRT, the detectors have the constant false-alarm rate (CFAR) property that P_F is independent of the underlying mixing distribution of the clutter, the clutter covariance matrix, and the steering vector of the desired signal     

Asymptotically Optimum Sample Size for Quickest Detection

A method is presented for selecting the asymptotically optimum sample size M for detecting a sudden change in the statistics of an observed process. The test statistic is assumed to be a sum of M consecutive values of some single sample detector and the optimization criterion is to minimize the mean time to detection MD for a given mean time between false alarms MF. It is shown that for large MF and MD the solution can be expressed as a function of the single variable ?MF? (or alternatively ?MD?) where ? is a measure of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).     

马赫数2.5超燃室中超/亚声流流向涡掺混冷态流场数值研究

结合实验,对一种带亚声速预燃室和流向涡掺混器的超声速燃烧模型燃烧室,在其进口马赫数为2.5的来流条件下,进行了冷态流场的数值研究.计算与实验得到的燃烧室沿程压力分布相当一致,计算与实验得到的激波结构也基本吻合.计算结果表明:首先,在马赫数2.5的来流条件下,亚燃预燃室易于达到启动状态;其次,流向涡掺混器增强超/亚声速流之间的掺混的效果明显,但其掺混深度尚有限;最后,流向涡掺混的超燃室掺混段有着复杂的激波膨胀波波系,波涡干涉和激波附面层干涉结构.     

A modified Gaussian sum approach to estimation of non-Gaussiansignals

A Gaussian sum estimation algorithm has previously been developed to deal with noise processes that are non-Gaussian. Inherent in this algorithm is a serious growing memory problem that causes the number of terms in the Gaussian sum to increase exponentially at each iteration. A modified Gaussian sum estimation algorithm using an adaptive filter is developed that avoids the growing memory problem of the previous algorithm while providing effective state estimation. The adaptive filter is comprised of a fixed set of estimators operating in parallel with each individual estimate possessing its own corresponding weighting term. A simulation example illustrates the new non-Gaussian estimation technique     

轮盘应变疲劳寿命可靠性分析方法

为较准确评估应变疲劳寿命可靠性，通过引入两个相关随机变量对Coffin-Manson公式随机化，发展了一种轮盘应变疲劳寿命可靠性分析概率模型。对线性回归残差重新定义，使得到的回归参数不随坐标系的选取发生变化。采用响应面法和蒙特卡洛模拟相结合的方法获得轮盘危险点应变幅的分布，最后通过多次解非线性方程数值模拟得到轮盘危险点应变疲劳寿命分布及其可靠寿命。     

二元高超声速进气道内压缩通道/隔离段曲面构型

对于二元高超声速进气道内压缩通道及隔离段设计,提出了进气道下壁弧形曲面构型方案。在一系列不同收缩比、不同波系配置的平面构型进气道基础上,通过基于N-S方程的数值模拟研究了不同半径的弧形过渡曲面对进气道性能的影响。发现采用弧形曲面过渡可以削弱平面构型方案对气流不必要的膨胀,减小隔离段进口处上侧壁面高压,改善隔离段进口气流均匀性。新构型有助于降低起动马赫数,且弧形过渡半径越大,收缩比越大,降低的程度越明显;还可以大大提高进气道的总压恢复,无须最后一道内压激波打在下壁面肩点上即可获得较高的性能。     

卷积和离散过程神经网络及其在航空发动机排气温度预测中的应用

 针对航空发动机排气温度的变化过程受复杂非线性时变因素的影响而难以用精确数学模型描述的问题,提出了卷积和离散过程神经网络(CSDPNN)模型,并将其应用于航空发动机排气温度(EGT)预测。该模型以离散样本作为直接输入,采用卷积和算法实现对时间累积效应的处理。相较于以连续函数作为输入的过程神经网络(PNN),不需要拟合离散样本得到连续函数后进行正交基展开,减少了精度损失,具有更高的预测精度。给出了卷积和离散过程神经网络模型的学习算法,并通过对Mackey-Glass混沌时间序列的预测对提出的方法进行应用说明和验证。通过航空发动机EGT预测实例,并与卷积和离散过程神经网络模型的连续函数输入过程神经网格以及传统人工神经网络(ANN)的预测结果进行了对比。结果表明,相较于连续函数输入过程神经网络以及传统人工神经网络,卷积和离散过程神经网络具有更高的预测精度,且对于EGT的预测具有较好的适应性,因而为航空发动机EGT预测提供了一种有效的方法。     

Probability distribution of complex monopulse ratio with arbitrary correlation between channels

The joint distribution of the real and imaginary parts of the monopulse ratio (MR) is obtained for a monopulse radar with arbitrarily correlated Gaussian noise and non-zero means in the sum and difference channels. The general result is used to consider thresholding and to develop the marginal density for the real part of the MR for the special case of real correlation between the channels.     

对飞机的跟踪方法

 本文叙述对作机动飞行（加速、转弯等）的飞机进行实时跟踪的方法,该方法采用自适应（一阶）多项式滤波,其中用X²分布法探测飞机机动,分别用方差匹配法及两种算法估计由机动产生的模型噪声方差Qk。模拟计算表明,两者对飞机机动的跟踪都是成功的,而后者对工程应用更方便一些。     

Approximate Evaluation of Detection Probabilities in Radar and Optical Communications

Cumulative probability distributions such as occur in radar detection problems are approximated by a new version of the saddlepoint method of evaluating the inverse Laplace transform of the moment-generating function. When the number of radar pulses integrated is large, the approximation of lowest order yields good accuracy in the tails of the distributions, yet requires much less computation than standard recursive methods. Greater accuracy can be achieved upon summing the residual series by converting it to a continued fraction. The method is applied to evaluating the error-function integral and the Mth-order Q function, and to approximating the inverse of the chi-squared distribution. Cumulative distributions of discrete random variables, needed for determining error probabilities in optical communication receivers that involve counting photoelectrons, can be approximated by a simple modification of the method, which is here applied to the Laguerre distribution.     

结合经验模态分解的振动信号趋势项提取方法

提出一种结合经验模态分解（Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD）的振动信号趋势项提取方法。利用EMD将信号分解为一系列固有模态函数（Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF）,根据振动信号过零点特性,对属于趋势项的IMF分量进行判别,并对判别为趋势项的IMF分量进一步利用最小二乘法进行趋势项拟舍,将拟合结果求和作为最终趋势项。数值模拟试验和实测数据处理结果表明,这一方法无需假设趋势项类型,且可不受EMD过程中模态混叠和端点效应的影响,使趋势项提取更为准确。     

压气机过渡段造型及三维数值模拟

提出一种基于S形曲线压气机过渡段造型方法.该方法将过渡段造型归结为S形内壁曲线拐点相对位置,面积分布率极值及其极值点相对位置3个几何控制因素.并采用此方法构造了一系列压气机过渡段,并针对这些过渡段进行三维数值模拟.结果表明:面积分布率极值是影响过渡段性能最重要的因素;可以通过调整面积分布率极值来控制过渡段最大面积处相对马赫数,减小外壁气流附面层厚度及支板形成的低压尾迹区;同时,配合变化较陡的内壁造型和合理的面积分布率曲线极值点相对位置,可以改善外壁形状,抑制附面层变厚.对于所研究的过渡段,内壁拐点相对位置为0.18,面积分布率极值点相对位置为0.20,相对马赫数为0.65时,总压损失最小.      

强制转捩对高超声速进气道性能影响

针对一个高超声速进气道,设计了不同高度的钻石形和斜坡形转捩带,在来流马赫数为6,攻角为1°工况下,通过风洞试验与三维数值模拟相结合的方法,研究了转捩带对进气道壁面热流密度、压强、隔离段入口处总压和马赫数分布的影响.数值计算与风洞试验在壁面压强、进气道总压和马赫数上吻合较好,在壁面热流密度上相差约35%.研究结果表明:钻石形和斜坡形转捩带都可以有效地实现强制转捩.此外,随着转捩带高度的增加,转捩区域逐渐前移,直至转捩带后缘.对于已经起动的进气道,转捩带对进气道下壁面静压几乎不产生影响,但会使得隔离段下壁面附近的总压和 马赫数有所下降,从而导致从隔离段入口直至整个隔离段的质量加权总压和流量均下降3.5%左右,而质量加权马赫数的下降量则并不明显,在1%左右.