吊挂式模态试验系统动力学建模和分析

根据吊挂式模态试验系统的工作原理,通过合理简化等效,建立了吊挂式模态试验系统的力学基本模型。依据瑞利理论,求解出其在水平和竖直2个方向测试基频的解析计算公式,揭示了测试基频和真实基频的等量关系式,分析了2个方向上基频测试误差的产生机理、影响因素和变化趋势。通过开展标准杆模态试验以及有限元仿真分析,验证了吊挂式模态试验系统力学等效模型合理、正确和有效。结果表明,吊挂式模态试验系统竖直方向的基频测试值偏低,水平方向的基频测试值偏高,需对测试结果进行误差修正,方能得到被测对象较准确的基频值。     

转子-基础系统的随机不确定建模与振动分析

以具有基础弹性支承的Jeffcott转子为研究对象,并考虑到外部随机激励对基础的作用和转定子间的碰摩现象,建立了带碰摩故障的转子-基础随机外激励系统的动力学微分方程.应用相应的数值仿真方法,给出了该系统随外部随机激励变化影响下的轴心轨迹、频谱图和Poincaré图等;分析了随机外激励的变化对转子-基础系统的影响.结果表明随机外激励强度和谱宽的变化以及周期外激励频率的改变将引起振动模式(如频率和波形等)的改变,并将导致转子出现周期、倍周期和混沌等复杂的动力学行为.      

SAR performance-based fault diagnosis for electro-hydraulic control system: A novel FDI framework for closed-loop system

Model-based fault diagnosis serves as an efficient and powerful technique in addressing fault detection and isolation (FDI) issues for control systems. However, the standard methods and their modifications still encounter some difficulties in algorithm design and application for complex higher-order systems. To avoid these difficulties, a novel fault diagnosis framework based on multiple performance indicators of closed-loop control system is proposed. Under this framework, a so-called performance residual vector is constructed to measure the differences between the real system and the nominal model in terms of system stability, accuracy, and rapidity (SAR) respectively. The criteria for quantification, normalization of the SAR residuals and the explicit mappings between the thresholds and the required performance are given. FDI can be easily achieved simultaneously by monitoring the normalized residual vector length and direction in the SAR performance residual space. A case study on electro-hydraulic servo control system of turbofan engine is adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

中空纤维膜机载制氮装置的数学建模分析

建立了考虑浓差极化现象的微分方程数学模型,并用正交配置法求解,对中空纤维膜机载制氮装置(OBIGGS)进行了分析,并对部分状态点的计算结果进行了实验验证.结果表明:富氮气体(NEA)中氧气的质量分数随着进气温度的升高而降低,在达到最小值后又呈上升趋势;在进气与排气压力差保持不变的情况下,随着中空纤维膜排气压力的下降,中空纤维膜的富氮气体质量流量逐渐增加;随着中空纤维膜丝长度的增加,丝内气体的压降和富氮气体质量流量均有所增加;中空纤维膜空气分离制得的富氮气体质量流量越大,则所需进气的质量流量越大,且富氮气体氧气质量分数越高.      

多自主翼伞系统建模及其集结控制

当前对翼伞系统的研究主要集中在单个翼伞,但实际空投中一般需要使用多个翼伞,才能完成大量物资、装备的空投补给任务,而多个翼伞同时空投时,将会出现翼伞需要集结、相互间需要避免碰撞等在单翼伞空投时不存在的问题。现有的单翼伞系统已能通过GPS/惯导系统及其他板载传感器实现自主飞行,针对多个自主翼伞的空投任务设计算法,以控制下降翼伞之间的相互运动,实现多翼伞系统的集结和避碰。首先以质点模型为起点,通过引入新的独立变量,并将翼伞运动转换至风固定坐标系,使得单个翼伞质点模型降维为非线性降阶模型,进而得到多自主翼伞模型,在此基础上提出了一种集结控制算法,利用每个翼伞自身的状态信息和相邻翼伞的状态信息,采用势场法使得多翼伞实现集结并避免碰撞,最后一致地降落至地面。仿真结果表明多个自主翼伞实现了集结,减小了翼伞的着陆散布,降低了翼伞之间的碰撞风险,验证了该方法的有效性,可以为进一步研究多自主翼伞协同控制提供理论参考。     

基于联合k/n(G)模型的DIMA系统可靠性建模与分析

针对分布式综合模块化航空电子（DIMA）系统的动态重构特性,分析了动态重构策略及重构过程,构建了面向DIMA系统的联合k/n（G）可靠性模型。以驻留于DIMA系统的综合显示功能为例进行了实验分析,讨论了系统重构过程可靠度与时间变化关系,给出了利用一般k/n（G）可靠性模型建模的可靠度变化曲线,通过对比分析验证了联合k/n（G）模型的适用性和合理性;通过参数敏感性分析,观察不同模块配置参数对系统可靠度的影响,得出相关结论,为提高DIMA系统动态重构过程的可靠性和优化资源配置提供指导。     

Terrain modeling for microwave landing system

A powerful analytical approach for evaluating the terrain effects on a microwave landing system (MLS) is presented. The approach combines a multiplate model with a powerful and exhaustive ray tracing technique and an accurate formulation for estimating the electromagnetic fields due to the antenna array in the presence of terrain. Both uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) and impedance UTD techniques have been employed to evaluate these fields. Innovative techniques are introduced at each stage to make the model versatile to handle most general terrain contours and also to reduce the computational requirement to a minimum. The model is applied to several terrain geometries, and the results are discussed     

一种乘波前体进气道的一体化设计及性能分析

采用特征线方法设计了具有直线初始激波、内收缩段消除激波反射、出口参数均匀可控的基准内锥流场.基于密切内锥(osculating inward turning cone,OIC)乘波体设计方法,发展了一体化密切内锥乘波前体进气道(osculating inward turning cone waverider inlet,OICWI)设计技术.基于一体化基准内锥流场和前体进气道设计技术,设计了密切内锥乘波前体进气道.采用数值软件对设计的乘波前体进气道进行了仿真分析,结论如下:①OICWI的设计是遵循气动原理的.②一体化密切内锥乘波前体进气道的前缘形状、内收缩比及出口参数可以根据需求定量准确设计.③理论设计结果和模拟结果吻合一致,证明设计方法是正确可靠的.④数值模拟研究结果表明一体化密切内锥乘波前体进气道具有较好的出口流场均匀度及较高的流量捕获率和较高的总压恢复特性.      

机载拖曳体动力学建模及分析

在某些航空应用场景,需要通过飞行器拖曳功能性部件完成特定性任务,例如机载拖曳对潜通信天线等,在这些应用中,通过建立科学的模型和方法,准确地分析稳态、动态特性是保证拖曳体正常工作的前提条件。本文以对潜通信天线为例,建立考虑天线气动力、惯性力以及弹性力的多体动力学的机载天线动力学模型,并对该模型的稳态结果进行算例验证;对考虑载机非定常运动以及突风作用等扰动后的天线系统动态响应进行分析,并对天线断裂等极端情况进行评估。结果表明：本文所建立的模型在垂直度、天线张力等方面的分析结果较好,能够应用于航空拖曳体的稳态及动态特性分析,在对潜通信天线、加油管等系统的设计方面有一定的工程价值。     

近舰区风场建模与着舰仿真分析

通过分析近舰区风场特点,建立了低空风场和舰尾流模型,对飞机的着舰过程进行了仿真分析。分析认为:近舰区风场影响了着舰航迹的稳定性,降低了飞机着舰的安全性和乘坐品质。为了验证模型的合理性,进行了飞行员在环的地面飞行模拟试验,分析了近舰区风场对飞机着舰过程和飞行员操纵特性的影响。试验结果表明,近舰区风场的存在显著增加了飞行员的滚转操纵负荷。     

Neural network modeling of flight control system

Modeling of angle tracking systems in the presence of actuator non-linearity such as angle, position and rate limits is a very significant and difficult task in the design and implementation of aircraft, target-tracking, and missile guided systems. A new recurrent neural network with time-delayed inputs and output feedback is used for the modeling of angle tracking systems, with emphasis on the neural network architecture, principles and algorithms. The neural network controller with modeling units for angle tracking is designed by using TMS320C25 processors. For time and size requirements, limited precision technology and look-up table technology are used in the design of the hardware and software systems. Given a set of input commands, the network is trained to control the system within the constraints imposed by actuators. The results show that the proposed networks are able to model the angle tracking system through learning without separate consideration of the non-linearity of actuators     

A novel low pressure-difference fluctuation electro-hydraulic large flowrate control valve for fuel flowrate control of aeroengine afterburner system

To address the control accuracy of large fuel flowrate during pressure fluctuation, a novel electro-hydraulic fuel metering unit(FMU) is constructed for afterburner fuel system of military aeroengine. Different from the previous FMU, the proposed FMU can achieve the higher precision opening control by a new metering valve with double control chambers(MVDCC), and realize the lower pressure difference fluctuation regulating by a novel two-stage constant pressure difference compensated valve(CPDCV)...     

互操作模式下4D航迹数据建模与分析

未来ATC的发展是以航迹为对象从管制意图出发并配备相应的间隔.实时动态地掌握航空器与航空器之间的位置;依据美国Next-Gen空中交通管理系统的4D航迹应用规划,针对4D航迹的数据内容借助UML和XML Schema完成了4D航迹的数据建模,并给出了4D航迹互操作模式下的发布订阅模型;通过对该模型的QoS(quality of service)数据同步的分析,可有效地规范4D航迹互操作模式下的数据交换.     

Reachable set modeling and engagement analysis of exoatmospheric interceptor

A novel reachable set(RS) model is developed within a framework of exoatmospheric interceptor engagement analysis. The boost phase steering scheme and trajectory distortion mechanism of the interceptor are firstly explored. A mathematical model of the distorted RS is then formulated through a dimension–reduction analysis. By treating the outer boundary of the RS on sphere surface as a spherical convex hull, two relevant theorems are proposed and the RS envelope is depicted by the computational geometry theory. Based on RS model, the algorithms of intercept window analysis and launch parameters determination are proposed, and numerical simulations are carried out for interceptors with different energy or launch points. Results show that the proposed method can avoid intensive on-line computation and provide an accurate and effective approach for interceptor engagement analysis. The suggested RS model also serves as a ready reference to other related problems such as interceptor effectiveness evaluation and platform disposition.     

考虑机翼几何非线性的气动弹性建模与分析

大展弦比柔性机翼结构重量轻、气动效率高,广泛应用于高空长航时无人机(UAVs)。飞行过程中,这类机翼在气动力作用下发生大变形,线性结构模型不再适用,需要建立考虑几何大变形的结构模型。采用牛顿力学方法推导了考虑结构几何非线性的机翼结构动力学模型,该方法推导过程简洁、物理意义明确,可以与Hodges基于哈密顿原理的推导方法相互补充,相互验证。为了能够更准确地求解大展弦比柔性机翼的非定常气动力,建立了能够考虑机翼三维效应且适用于机翼空间大变形的非定常气动力模型。基于建立的非线性结构模型和非定常气动力模型,采用松耦合方法建立了非线性气动弹性模型,并通过算例验证了气弹模型的准确性。研究结果表明,大展弦比柔性机翼颤振速度对来流迎角和机翼的展长均较为敏感;当来流速度大于颤振速度时,由于几何非线性,机翼振动并未发散而是形成稳定的极限环振荡(LCO);随着来流速度进一步增加,机翼再次穿过临界稳定点,由不稳定系统变为稳定系统,直到随着速度的增加系统再次达到临界稳定状态。     

大型运输机巡航航迹优化方案建模与分析

针对某大型运输机巡航段航迹优化问题,提出一种近似工程化的计算方法。分析了几种典型的巡航类型,并推导出精确的计算公式。对飞机气动参数和发动机特性进行了拟合建模,以燃油最省为性能指标,给出了在不同重量下的最佳巡航高度、最佳巡航速度、燃油消耗量、飞机需用推力等巡航表的主要参数,分析了巡航段的影响因素。研究结果表明,优化方案较好地降低了运输机燃油消耗和营运成本,增大了航程。     

消隙齿轮伺服系统动力学建模与频率特性

消隙齿轮广泛应用于航天精密伺服机构领域,具有高精度、高响应速度和高稳定性的要求,故需对其频率特性进行研究。依据两质量系统建模方法,建立了消隙齿轮伺服系统包含线性和非线性两部分的动力学模型。以普通直齿轮分段死区模型为基础,建立了消隙齿轮分段死区模型,给出了模型中等效传递刚度的计算方法,特别是消隙扭簧扭转刚度的计算方法。利用数值仿真分析方法,对所建立的消隙齿轮伺服系统动力学模型进行了仿真分析,给出了传动轴刚度、静态间隙和扭簧刚度对系统谐振特性的不同影响结果。结果表明:静态间隙与扭簧刚度是影响消隙齿轮伺服系统谐振频率的重要因素。     

Integrated acoustic monitoring system for jet fuel tanks

The paper describes a device and a technique of forming the information processing algorithms used in the integrated acoustic monitoring system for jet fuel tanks, intended for monitoring the level, density and mass of liquid products.     

变循环压缩系统的一体化通流设计方法

以双外涵和三外涵两款典型的涡扇发动机的变循环压缩系统为研究对象发展了一个基于流线曲率法的一体化通流设计方法,以期简化变循环压缩系统的设计流程,缩短设计周期.通过一个三外涵变循环压缩系统的设计实例,验证了方法的正确性和程序的功能完整性,得到了以下主要结论:①第1,2外涵道的连通使压缩系统各部件之间的气动关系变得复杂,正确处理各部件之间的匹配关系是一体化设计的关键;②流线曲率法适用于变循环压缩系统的通流设计,其流量边界条件可方便地用于模拟前可调面积涵道引射器的调节功能;③第1,2外涵道的掺混过程对上游叶片区域的流场影响微弱,采用简单的掺混模型能够满足计算需求.