《生产批准和监督程序》改版内容解读

全面系统性地分析了2019年11月26日颁布生效的适航管理程序——《生产批准和监督程序》中的改版内容,并就核心要求进行了重点解读和阐述。     

国外情报侦察监视数据链的需求与发展

随着信息技术的不断发展,情报、侦察和监视（ISR）手段不断向前发展,从传统的电子侦察、人工情报发展到侦察卫星、有人／无人机侦察、预警侦察、战场电视、两栖侦察等多种侦察手段。这些新型．先进传感器获得海量情报和信息必须及时、高效地分发给所有需要这些信息的平台,情报侦察宽带数据链承担着这个重要作用。     

Some Properties and Effects of Reverberation in Acoustic Surveillance

Following the work of Van Trees,[1] the effect of wide-sense stationary clutter on signal detectability with a matched filter is determined. The improvement to be gained by a high time-bandwidth product in the transmitted waveform for the detection of low-velocity targets is clearly shown. The additional noise contributed by the clutter is reduced by a factor equal to the time-bandwidth product. This reducing effect occurs provided that the transmitted waveform is adjusted properly. The optimum transmitted waveform for detection of low-velocity targets turns out to be one whose energy density spectrum is flat over the bandwidth of interest. This derivation is made by a simple application of Schwarz's inequality rather than the application of the calculus of variations that was done by Manasse.[14] Computations were made of the loss encountered by a narrow-band single-frequency waveform and by a wide-band linear FM waveform, each used in a matched-filter detector. The contrast is especially marked for very low target speeds where the narrow-band waveform is very bad. Its loss drops off sharply with target speed while the loss of the wide-band waveform drops off very slowly in comparison. Beyond a certain small target speed, the narrow-band loss is negligible. However, with enough bandwidth, the wide-band waveform can be made to have acceptable loss at all target speeds.     

Beam Shape Loss and Surveillance Optimization for Pencil Beam Arrays

A radar in its surveillance mode requires the programming of the radar beam in fixed angular increments throughout the surveillance volume. Though radar coverage of the volume is complete, returns from possible targets differing only in angular position generally have unequal signal strengths. This is due to both beam shape and multiple beam coverage. The resulting nonuniformity in signal strength results in a loss factor termed beam shape loss (BSL). This correspondence contains the results of a valid computational procedure for determining this loss factor for the case of an electronically steerable array in a search mode. Results consist of curves showing BSL for a wide range of system parameters and for various target types. In addition, it is shown how optimum search beam locations can be determined from the BSL computations.     

旋翼试验塔监视报警技术的实现

监视报警系统作为旋翼试验塔测试系统的重要组成部分,不仅为试验的全过程提供实时、直观、准确的数据显示,同时对超过设定值的参数发出声光报警,为试验提供直接的判断。本文较为全面地论述了监视报警技术在实际测试工作中的特点、难点及其减少误报率所采取抗干扰技术的新方法。     

Surveillance system based on data fusion from image and acousticarray sensors

The present publication shows a model of a monitoring system of high benefit, based on two complementary sensorial systems (image+acoustics), which allows the information received to fuse, and to prioritize the computational resources toward the zones with considerable risk. The application uses components such as: active acoustic radar based on a phase array of microphones, with techniques of beamforming, and multibeam detection schemes; efficient compression algorithms and video transmission in real time. The system is composed of an arbitrary number of sensors (monitoring probes), distributed by the monitoring space, a data network and a central server (monitoring manager). The sensors consist of a microprocessor, with its memory and three main modules: (1) acoustic radar; (2) video capture card; and (3) network card. The flexibility of the system allows new modules to be added such as: personal detector card; sound card; cards for telecontrol; etc. The sensor microprocessor preprocesses the information received by the modules, packs and transmits it to the central server through a data network. The system uses IP protocol, and SNMPv2 for management     

蜂窝材料及孔格结构技术的发展

介绍了一种新型的芳纶/酚醛型高模量、高强度的Korex蜂窝芯材.并对不同孔格-密度的Korex蜂窝芯材进行了力学性能和典型使用性能的对比,给出了几种新型的蜂窝结构.新型蜂窝材料和新型蜂窝孔格结构的研究,将有效地提高蜂窝结构的力学性能,显著地降低结构重量,提高使用可靠性,有利于扩大蜂窝结构在航空航天及其他工业领域中的应用.     

Reliability comparison of matrix and other converter topologies

Several rectifier-inverter and matrix converter topologies suitable for aerospace applications are compared, and their reliability is predicted. The military handbook MIL-HDBK-217F guidelines have been used to predictreliability. The matrix converter has several attractive features for aerospace applications such as potential size and weight savings. Although the matrix converter has a higher number of semiconductor switches, they are subjected to a lower voltage stress, which decreases their failure rate. This results in the reliability indicators of the different converter topologies being very similar     

奥克兰 云和山的彼端

<正>刚要成熟,又要老去,时光,好不经用。自以为提升生活品质的秘诀有两个:经常看书,看看别人的人生;定期旅行,只有在旅行中才听得到自己的声音。它会告诉你,这世界比想象中的宽阔。在去奥克兰之前,就早已听说奥克兰作为新西兰的文化中心,吸引着三分之一的新西兰人居住在那里。美丽的海景、宜人的气候、繁荣的经济,让奥克兰充满魅力。经过十个多     

Signal-to-noise ratio and other characteristics of heterodyne radiation receivers

The theory of heterodyne radiation receivers for the infrared and far-infrared is reviewed. For simplicity, only systems based on photoemissive and photoconductive radiation mixers are considered. The signal-to-noise ratio is derived, and expressions for this quantity under various conditions are given. A brief comparison is made between heterodyne systems and high-resolution spectrometers using direct radiation detectors. It is concluded that for high spectral resolving powers and for relatively small astronomical sources, heterodyne systems are likely to offer a distinct advantage in signal-to-noise ratio, especially at long far-infrared wavelengths.     

超磁致伸缩材料及其在军事中的应用

超磁致伸缩材料是近年来发展起来的一种新型功能材料,在许多领域显示出良好的应用前景.介绍了超磁致伸缩材料的特点、国内外发展状况及其在航空航天、大功率低频声纳系统中的应用.     

Variability of BL Lac objects at X-ray and other frequencies

EXOSAT observations reveal that daily X-ray variability appears to be a common property of high luminosity BL Lac objects. Results are reported for PKS0735+178, OM280(=1147+245), OQ530(=1418+546), OV-236 (=1921-293) and OJ287(=0851+202). In OJ287, for which we have the most extensive coverage, the amplitude of variability at X-ray frequencies appears to be a factor of a few larger than at longer wavelengths.     

Model of fractured medium and nondestructive control of composite materials

Non-destructive testing of composites is an important issue in the modern aircraft industry.Composites are susceptible to the barely visible impact damage which can affect the residual strength of the material and occurs both during production and operation.The continuum model for describing the damaged zone is presented.The slip theory relations used for a continuous distribution of slip planes are applied.At the initial stage,the isotropic background model is used.This model allows the material slippage along the fractures based on the Coulomb friction law with the small viscous addition.In this regime,the govern system of equations becomes rigid.To overcome this difficulty,the explicit-implicit grid-characteristic scheme is proposed.The standard ultrasound diagnostic procedure of damaged composite materials is successfully simulated.Compared with the trivial free-surface fracture model,different reactions on the compression and stretch waves are registered.This approach provided an effective way for the simulation of complex dynamic behavior of damage zones.     

雷达吸波材料设计理论与方法研究进展

综述了近10年来雷达吸波材料(RAM)计算设计理论、方法及优化技术的发展,并简要评价了现有的设计技术。此外,提出了雷达吸波材料设计存在的技术问题,并预测了吸波材料设计的发展方向。     

BAS粘接碳化硅材料的性能

采用原位生成钡长石为烧结助剂,研究BAS/SiC复相陶瓷的低温无压液相烧结工艺,制备高致密度的陶瓷材料。通过XRD、SEM及力学试验机等研究烧结温度、BAS含量对复相碳化硅陶瓷的致密化、组织结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明:在1800℃温度下原位生成了BAS相,运用无压液相烧结法制备出了密度达到3.2g/cm3的BAS/SiC复相陶瓷;陶瓷中BAS以六方结构析出、SiC颗粒均匀分布;烧结温度不宜超过1800℃,温度过高将促使碳化硅颗粒长大,损伤陶瓷材料抗弯强度和断裂韧度;当复相BAS/SiC陶瓷中BAS质量分数为30%时,弯曲强度达到413MPa,模量达到210GPa,断裂韧度达到5.03MPa.m1/2。     

中国近代航空史料与爱国主义教育

航空事业的发展水平，反映著一个国家科技水平、综合国力的状况。回顾中国航空发展的历史，爱国主义始终是支撑这一伟大事业的精神核心，是实现航空事业崛起永不枯碣的精神动力。面对新世纪宏伟壮阔的舞台，中国人民必须继续高奏爱国主义的主旋律，广泛挖掘包括航空发展史在内的爱国主义教育最具凝聚力和生命力的丰厚资源，使其进一步发扬光大。     

对中国航空材料体系构建中若干问题的看法与建议

阐述了构建中国航空材料体系所要实现的四项目标、所要解决的四个问题以及需要处理好五个关系,并对构建的具体步骤与方法提出了建议.     

Advanced materials for next generation NiMH portable, HEV and EVbatteries

While Ovonic NiMH batteries are already in high volume commercial production for portable applications, advances in materials technology have enabled performance improvements in specific energy (100 Wh/kg), specific power (600-1000 W/kg), high temperature operation, charge retention, and voltage stability. Concurrent with technology advances, Ovonic NiMH batteries have established performance and commercial milestones in electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, as well as scooter, motorcycle and bicycle applications. As important as these advances, significant manufacturing cost reductions have also occurred which allow continued growth of NiMH technology. In this paper, advances in performance, applications and cost reduction are discussed with particular emphasis on the improved proprietary metal hydride and nickel hydroxide materials that make such advances possible