一种改进的LMS算法及其在自适应消噪中的应用

介绍了一种改进的LMS自适应滤波算法及其在自适应噪声对消中的应用。该算法利用误差信号的相关值去调节步长,解决了算法收敛时间与稳态误差间的矛盾,为实际应用提供了更大的灵活性。它同时实现了均方误差小和收敛速度快,并且降低了LMS算法对噪声的敏感性。文中最后给出了仿真结果,仿真结果与理论分析是一致的。     

基于改进微粒群优化算法的互信息医学图像配准

医学图像配准是寻找使两幅图像对应点达到空间位置和解剖结构上一致的过程,对于医学临床科研、诊断等方面具有非常重要的意义。基于互信息的配准方法是目前医学图像配准中无创、自动化程度高且配准精度很高的一种方法,已被广泛应用。但是由于插值赝像导致在其目标函数中存在幅值振荡现象,使用局部最优化搜索有时会终止于局部极值,得到错误的配准参数。提出针对互信息配准方法的特点,使用改进微粒群全局搜索算法,调节该算法的参数以适应不同搜索阶段,保证了最优化搜索的准确性,提高了基于互信息方法配准的成功率。     

基于粒子群算法的石英挠性加速度计温度补偿方法研究

由于使用环境的需求,需要光纤惯组具有较宽的工作温度范围,一般在-40℃~60℃温度范围内有稳定且准确的输出。而实际情况下温度变化会使惯性器件输出产生温度漂移,制约惯组的输出精度。以工程实例为依托,以光纤惯组中低精度石英挠性加速度计作为研究对象,首先分析了石英加速度计的温度特性,然后设计了一种基于粒子群算法的石英加速度计温度补偿方法,并以温补后器件的零偏特性为依据,利用试验平台对温补效果进行了试验验证。试验结果表明,该温补方法能够有效补偿石英加速度计的温度漂移,补偿后的零偏稳定性较补偿前有数量级上的提升。     

基于粒子群算法的发动机部件模型求解

传统求解航空发动机部件模型中的非线性方程和共同工作方程组的方法因对初值的依赖使得模型并不总能收敛。首先针对模型中的非线性方程求解的特点,在带邻域的粒子群算法的基础上,将收敛因子、被动聚集压力因子和自适应惯性权重引入算法,提出一种混合粒子群算法HPSO1。而对模型中的共同工作方程组的求解,则是在基本粒子群算法的基础上,将收敛因子和被动聚集压力因子引入基本粒子群算法,提出另一种混合粒子群算法HPSO2。实验仿真表明HPSO1和HPSO2均克服了对初值的依赖性,因而对发动机部件模型求解是有效的。     

基于归一化互相关的系统误差配准算法

雷达组网中由于系统误差存在,航迹不能正确关联,因而无法进行有效的误差配准。为了解决这一问题,理论分析了系统误差对目标航迹的影响并将该影响表示为目标航迹的旋转和平移量,结合图像信号时频域特性,提出了一种基于归一化互相关的误差配准算法。该算法采用归一化互相关来估计和补偿组网雷达目标航迹到融合中心航迹的相对旋转参数和平移参数,从而为后面的系统误差配准提供可靠的航迹关联数据。     

一种单传感器实时系统误差配准算法

针对运动单传感器系统误差配准问题进行了研究,提出了一种基于位置未知固定目标的单传感器实时系统误差配准算法。算法利用传感器对固定目标的两时刻量测值,构建包含传感器系统误差的等效系统状态及其状态方程与量测方程,并基于扩展卡尔曼滤波技术实现了利用位置未知的固定目标对传感器系统误差的实时精确滤波估计。蒙特卡洛仿真结果验证了算法的有效性,具有对系统误差的稳定估计性能、快速的滤波收敛能力、较高的系统误差配准精度以及较强的工程实用性。     

改进的粒子群算法求解飞机位姿评估问题

在飞机装配中,要求调姿基准点距离误差和最小以及各点距离误差满足容差条件。以往的飞机位姿评估算法注重距离误差和最小,可能出现调姿基准点的距离误差不满足容差约束的情况。为了求解在满足容差约束条件下的距离误差和最小的飞机位姿参数,提出一种新的优化模型,将带容差约束转化为带惩罚函数,与距离误差和一同作为优化目标,采用求解约束优化问题的粒子群算法进行求解。在上述算法上进一步改进,通过动态改变约束参数来加强约束条件,可以通过迭代方式进一步减小飞机调姿基准点最大距离误差。仿真算例和蒙特卡洛分析证明,求解约束优化的粒子群算法和改进的粒子群算法在求解飞机位姿评估问题时,求解得到的调姿测量点最大误差小于奇异值分解法。     

一种混合粒子群优化算法在翼型设计中的应用

提出了一种分层交换差分粒子群优化算法。作为一种混合算法,将粒子群优化算法与差分进化算法有机地结合了起来,使得粒子种群和差分种群分层交换,共享最优信息,加快了收敛速度,降低了陷入局部最优的风险,函数测试结果表现出算法具有更好的寻优性能。将算法应用到翼型设计之中,取得了良好的优化效果。     

基于测量点云的涡轮叶片配准定位算法应用研究

涡轮叶片是航空发动机的核心零件,其精铸后进行数控机加需要先实现叶片测量点云与CAD模型的快速、准确配准定位。为此,针对测量点云初始位姿不佳的问题,实现了基于主成分分析的预对齐和手工关联预对齐两种预对齐算法;针对匹配点计算效率较低的问题,实现了网格法、赋范空间投影法和基于kd–tree快速搜索法3种搜索算法,通过对比分析发现,基于kd–tree搜索算法计算效率较好。在此基础上,确定了手工关联预对齐、基于kd–tree快速搜索匹配点集和ICP方法的配准方案,示例测量点云配准定位后与CAD模型差异区间为[–0.06 mm,+0.1 mm],符合涡轮叶片铸造精度情况。     

基于模拟退火的改进粒子群算法研究及应用

为加快粒子群算法效率,跳出局部最优陷阱,得到高精度最优解,文章提出了基于模拟退火的带收缩因子的粒子群混合算法(SACPSO)。首先,对混合优化算法进行了分析;然后,对混合算法进行函数数值仿真;最后,将SACPSO算法应用于PID参数整定问题。结果表明,改进粒子群算法的稳定性和搜索精度有了明显提高,收敛速度明显加快;在PID参数整定应用上,同传统方法相比,系统稳定,收敛性能好。     

基于分布式粒子群算法的翼型优化设计

采用求解N-S方程作为优化算法中的CFD分析方法,基于标准粒子群优化算法(PSO),将其与遗传算法中的选择机制相结合,形成了一种改进的基于自然选择的粒子群算法(SELPSO),以提高算法的求解精度和改善算法的全局收敛性。为改善串行粒子群算法效率低,耗机时等缺点,文中将分布式计算引入到优化设计过程中,实现了基于分布式粒子群算法的翼型设计优化系统,设计实践表明,文中发展的优化算法对优化设计系统质量和效率都有着大幅度的提高,在工程中具有很好的实用价值。     

Stochastic structural optimization using particle swarm optimization, surrogate models and Bayesian statistics

This paper focuses on a method to solve structural optimization problems using particle swarm optimization (PSO), surrogate models and Bayesian statistics. PSO is a random/stochastic search algorithm designed to find the global optimum. However, PSO needs many evaluations compared to gradient-based optimization. This means PSO increases the analysis costs of structural optimization. One of the methods to reduce computing costs in stochastic optimization is to use approximation techniques. In this work, surrogate models are used, including the response surface method (RSM) and Kriging. When surrogate models are used, there are some errors between exact values and approximated values. These errors decrease the reliability of the optimum values and discard the realistic approximation of using surrogate models. In this paper, Bayesian statistics is used to obtain more reliable results. To verify and confirm the efficiency of the proposed method using surrogate models and Bayesian statistics for stochastic structural optimization, two numerical examples are optimized, and the optimization of a hub sleeve is demonstrated as a practical problem.     

基于粒子群神经网络的轮盘优化

将粒子群算法(PSO)和BP神经网络相结合, 构建了一种新型智能结构优化算法.PSO方法除用于结构优化外, 还被用于BP神经网络的构造及网络训练, 使之可自适应调整优化.结构优化中, 以BP神经网络取代有限元方法, 通过设计变量来映射目标函数和约束, 从而大大提高了计算速度.将此方法用于轮盘结构优化, 使得轮盘体积减少了17.5%, 结果通过检验.该方法便捷、高效, 为解决工程结构优化问题提供了一个新途径.      

一种改进粒子群算法及其在飞控系统中的应用

针对标准粒子群优化算法过早地陷人局部最优问题,提出了一种改进的粒子群优化算法,引人基于均匀设计区域选取的变异算子和改进的自适应权重来提高种群多样性和粒子群搜索效率,并应用于某飞行控制系统的优化调参.通过该方法,不但可以降低结果过早陷人局部最优的可能性,而且还提高了飞行控制系统优化调参的效果,仿真实验验证了该设计方法的有...     

Longitudinal parameter identification of a small unmanned aerial vehicle based on modified particle swarm optimization

This paper describes a longitudinal parameter identification procedure for a small unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)through modified particle swam optimization(PSO).The procedure is demonstrated using a small UAV equipped with only an micro-electro-mechanical systems(MEMS)inertial measuring element and a global positioning system(GPS)receiver to provide test information.A small UAV longitudinal parameter mathematical model is derived and the modified method is proposed based on PSO with selective particle regeneration(SRPSO).Once modified PSO is applied to the mathematical model,the simulation results show that the mathematical model is correct,and aerodynamic parameters and coefficients of the propeller can be identified accurately.Results are compared with those of PSO and SRPSO and the comparison shows that the proposed method is more robust and faster than the other methods for the longitudinal parameter identification of the small UAV.Some parameter identification results are affected slightly by noise,but the identification results are very good overall.Eventually,experimental validation is employed to test the proposed method,which demonstrates the usefulness of this method.     

基于粒子群优化的PID神经网络在热电偶数学建模中的应用

为提高热电偶的测温精度,在对热电偶进行数学建模时,结合粒子群算法对PID神经网络进行优化,并设计了实际多路电偶数据采集电路对温度数据进行采集和验证。通过实验验证,粒子群算法的运用加快了PID神经网络的收敛速度、提高了系统稳定性,从而得到了更加精确的热电偶模型,提高了系统的测温精度。     

Particle swarm optimization applied to hypersonic reentry trajectories

This paper presents the novel use of the particle swarm optimization(PSO)to generate the end-to-end trajectory for hypersonic reentry vehicles in a quite simple formulation.The velocitydependent bank angle profile is developed to reduce the search space of unknown parameters based on the constrained PSO algorithm.The path constraints are enforced by setting the fitness function to be infinite on condition that the particles violate the maximum allowable values.The PSO algorithm also provides a much easier means to satisfy the terminal conditions by adding penalty terms to the fitness function.Furthermore,the approximate reentry landing footprint is fast constructed by incorporating an interpolation model into the standardized bank angle profiles.Numerical simulations demonstrate that the PSO method is a feasible and flexible tool to generate the end-to-end trajectory and landing footprint for hypersonic reentry vehicles.     

基于细菌觅食性的改进粒子群优化算法翼型设计

提出了一种基于细菌觅食性的改进粒子群优化算法。该算法以粒子群优化算法的社会模型为基础,添加了个体之间的交流项,丰富了粒子之间的优势信息源,增强了粒子的信息共享能力,同时,引入了细菌觅食算法中的趋化和驱散机制,使得算法能够有效地跳出局部最优。函数测试结果表明,该算法显著地提高了粒子群优化算法的寻优性能,并将该算法应用到了翼型设计之中。     

Dynamic neighborhood genetic learning particle swarm optimization for high-power-density electric propulsion motor

To maximize the power density of the electric propulsion motor in aerospace application, this paper proposes a novel Dynamic Neighborhood Genetic Learning Particle Swarm Optimization (DNGL-PSO) for the motor design, which can deal with the insufficient population diversity and non-global optimal solution issues. The DNGL-PSO framework is composed of the dynamic neighborhood module and the particle update module. To improve the population diversity, the dynamic neighborhood strategy is first proposed, which combines the local neighborhood exemplar generation mechanism and the shuffling mechanism. The local neighborhood exemplar generation mechanism enlarges the search range of the algorithm in the solution space, thus obtaining high-quality exemplars. Meanwhile, when the global optimal solution cannot update its fitness value, the shuffling mechanism module is triggered to dynamically change the local neighborhood members. The roulette wheel selection operator is introduced into the shuffling mechanism to ensure that particles with larger fitness value are selected with a higher probability and remain in the local neighborhood. Then, the global learning based particle update approach is proposed, which can achieve a good balance between the expansion of the search range in the early stage and the acceleration of local convergence in the later stage. Finally, the optimization design of the electric propulsion motor is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed DNGL-PSO. The simulation results show that the proposed DNGL-PSO has excellent adaptability, optimization efficiency and global optimization capability, while the optimized electric propulsion motor has a high power density of 5.207 kW/kg with the efficiency of 96.12%.     

高效粒子群算法研究及飞翼无人机气动隐身优化设计

针对飞翼布局无人机气动隐身多目标优化设计问题,以无人机翼面为设计对象,开展气动、隐身多目标优化设计研究。采用FFD方法实现飞翼布局的参数化表达;分别采用基于雷诺平均N-S方程的计算流体力学方法(CFD)及大面元物理光学法(LEPO)配合一致性几何绕射理论(UTD)计算边缘绕射场的RCS分析方法计算飞翼布局无人机的气动、隐身性能;选择结合基于动态超体积期望改善(EHVI)加点的动态Kriging代理模型与ASMOPSO算法的高效多目标粒子群算法对飞翼布局无人机进行综合寻优设计研究。在较少的调用真实目标函数的情况下,获得了比较优秀的Pareto前沿,通过对所选解的分析比较可知优化后的飞翼布局无人机在气动及隐身方面均优于原始构型。