含炔基有机硅杂化聚合物的合成及热稳定性

采用双乙炔基封端的硅氮烷单体(双(4-乙炔基苯胺基) 二苯基硅烷,M1) 与含不同二甲基硅基
结构单元[—Si( CH3 )2—,—Si( CH3 )2—O—Si( CH3 )2—和—Si( CH3 )2—O—Si( CH3 )2—O—Si( CH3 )2—] 的
双溴苯基封端单体进行Sonogashira 交叉偶联反应,制备出一系列含炔基有机硅杂化聚合物。通过红外( FTIR)
、核磁氢谱(1H-NMR) 和凝胶渗透色谱( GPC) 对聚合物的结构和分子量进行了表征,并采用热重分析
(TGA)对聚合物的热性能进行了研究。结果表明,二甲基硅基结构的引入显著提高聚合物的溶解性,各组聚
合物均展现出良好的热稳定性能,其中引入—Si(CH3)2—结构的聚合物具有相对最好的热稳定性。     

交联聚硅氧烷的热降解行为

运用TGA-IR研究了交联聚二甲基硅氧烷以及含10%、16%苯基硅氧烷链段的聚二甲基硅氧烷的热降解行为，并用FTIR分析了聚硅氧烷的热分解产物。结果表明，在300℃以上，交联聚硅氧烷热降解的主要产物为环三硅氧烷和环四硅氧烷，裂解反应既在分子链内发生也在分子链间发生。在惰性气氛下，苯基硅氧链段的引入未能提高聚二甲基硅氧烷的热稳定性。     

SiBCN陶瓷前驱体热解机理研究

采用固体NMR和FTIR为主要测试手段对聚硼硅氮烷(PSNB)热解过程中形成的无定型中间体结构进行表征。结合不同温度处理后产物结构的变化将SiBCN前驱体的热解过程分为如下几个阶段:在400℃以下前驱体主要发生转氨基化反应以及Si—H键和N—H键的脱氢耦合反应释放出NH_3和H_2;在400~800℃时,体系中的S—CH_3及其他烃类基团开始发生分子重排并释放出甲烷气体;800~1 000℃,产物进一步发生结构重排形成无定形网络结构。在温度达到1 000℃时体系基本完成陶瓷化转变,此时无定型陶瓷主要由三种成分组成:(1)无定形碳(石墨状);(2)平面BN相;(3)Si—C—N基体(SiC_xN_(4-x)单元,x=0,1,2,3)。     

硅泡沫材料的制备与表征

采用硅树脂为基体制备硅泡沫材料,并对其性能进行表征.选用季戊四醇降低了发泡剂H的分解温度,解决了泡体的交联速率与发泡体系的分解速率相配合的问题;通过添加补强性填料气相法白炭黑,减小了发泡孔径并提高了泡沫材料的物理、力学性能.结果表明:通过对低黏度羟基封端硅氧烷的预聚,提高了有机硅树脂的黏度;采用低黏度羟基封端硅氧烷作为钝化剂对气相法白炭黑表面进行钝化处理,消除其表面的Si-OH,降低了体系在混炼过程中产生结构化的可能性.最终得到了泡孔均匀细密,有较高耐热温度、物理、力学性能较好的硅泡沫材料.     

30Si2MnCrMoVE钢氮基气氛热处理氢脆问题北大核心CSCD

研究了超高强度钢30Si2MnCrMoVE在密封箱式多用炉热处理生产线中采用普氮+甲醇(N2+CH3OH)氮基气氛热处理的氢脆问题。结果表明:30Si2MnCrMoVE在H2≤3%氮基气氛中热处理,其力学性能、断裂韧性、金相组织及断口形貌与普通热处理一样,无氢脆倾向。此外还发现热处理时采用氮基气氛保护,尽管表面不产生氧化皮,改善了表观质量,但仍有脱碳现象。     

CVD-Si3N4陶瓷及其复合材料氧化行为研究进展

概述了CVD—Si3N4陶瓷及其复合材料在干燥氧气下的氧化行为。Si3N4陶瓷在高温下氧化时，除生成SiO2保护膜外，还生成一薄层比SiO2膜更优异的氧气扩散阻挡层(Si—O—N化合物层)，该层具有优异的抗氧化性能。介绍了两种氧化机制模型，同时分析了温度、杂质等对CVD—Si3N4陶瓷氧化行为的影响。     

多乙烯基硅氧烷笼形倍半硅氧烷的合成及性能

采用三氯硅烷水解缩合法合成了含八氢基的笼形倍半硅氧烷(T8H8),并用T8H8合成了多乙烯基硅氧烷笼形倍半硅氧烷(DVS-POSS)树脂,采用Fr-IR、1H-NMR、29Si-NMR等手段对其结构进行了表征;探讨了T8H8与二乙烯基硅氧烷(DVS)的加成反应.研究表明,固化的DVS-POSS具有良好的耐热性能,T醖超过530℃;DVS-POSS树脂复合材料具有优良的介电性能,在9.75 MHz下,ε为3.02,tgδ为2.4×10-3.     

低电阻率Si—C—O纤维制备

采用将聚二甲基硅烷与聚氯乙烯共裂解合成制备了Si－C－O纤维先驱体聚合物，并对其进行了表征。表明反应体系中聚氯乙烯含量较高时，生成的先驱体聚合物既有聚碳硅烷的结构特征，又具有－CH＝CH－共轭结构特征的－（SiCH3H-CH2)n（CH＝CH）m－共聚物。先驱体聚合物经熔融纺丝及NO2不熔化处理，高温烧成制得低电阻率Si－C－O（电阻率小于10^0Ω.cm），而通过聚碳硅烷制得的SiC纤维电阻率为10^6Ω.cm。结果表明能够从聚二甲基硅烷与聚氯乙烯共裂解出发制备低电阻率Si－C－O纤维。     

合成气组分及雷诺数对火焰结构影响的实验研究

利用非接触的激光PLIF技术测量了在湍流贫燃预混燃烧中的OH自由基分布。以典型煤制合成气真实组分为基础进行工况设计,分为H2含量变化、CO/（CO＋CH4）相对比例变化、雷诺数变化和中低热值对比4部分进行实验。通过OH-PLIF信号分析,探讨了H2含量、CO/（CO＋CH4）相对比例和雷诺数对燃烧的影响。实验结果表明,雷诺数、H2含量和CO/（CO＋CH4）相对比例的变化对合成气燃烧过程都有显著的影响。其中雷诺数的增大和H2含量的增加都加强了OH-PLIF信号强度,即有利于火焰中OH自由基的生成。而CO/（CO＋CH4）相对比例的上升,因同时减少了CH4含量,导致OH自由基浓度下降。H2含量的升高和CO/（CO＋CH4）相对比例的上升（转折点前）对于火焰行程都有缩短的作用,强化了燃烧。转折点之后CO/（CO＋CH4）相对比例的继续上升不利于燃烧。后文对裂解气火焰瞬时图像和火焰面密度的分析印证了上述规律。     

热压辅助先驱体裂解制备的三维Cf／Si—O—C复合材料的微观结构与力学性能

采用聚硅氧烷(PSO)先驱体浸渍裂解工艺制备出碳纤维三维编织物增强Si—O—C复合材料(3D-B C_(?)/Si—O—C)。研究发现,第一周期采用热压辅助裂解可以显著提高材料的力学性能与致密度。第一周期经1600℃、10MPa的条件热压裂解处理5min后,材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性从未处理前的246.2MPa和9.4MPa·m~(1/2)提高到502MPa和23.7MPa·m~(1/2)。该材料的弯曲强度在真空中可以保持到1400℃。探讨了工艺参数对材料结构与力学性能的影响。高温裂解弱化界面结合同时提高纤维就位强度以及加压提高材料致密度是热压辅助裂解能提高材料力学性能的主要原因。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.