Autonomous Landing Guidance Systems

All weather tactical aircraft recovery and high sortie generation rates from forward, possibly battle damaged landing areas will reqire autonomous landing guidance systems which are independent of ground-based cooperative aids. A recently completed study has examined the operational requirements and assessed current and near term technology for an answer to this need. The Landing Systems Requirements/Synthesis Study has defined the Pilot/vehicle Interface and imaging sensor suite required, based on the concept of augmenting pilot forward vision with sensor imagery and guidance symbology on a HUD during low visibility landings. Image processing technology was also assessed for potential enhancement of the information presented to the pilot. This paper summarizes the final report of the Study, which is in publication.     

智能化民用飞机概述

提出了智能飞机的定义以及智能飞机所具备的状态感知、记忆学习、自主控制和规划、行为决策、自然人机交互以及空地一体化维护管理六项特征。基于智能飞机的特征,提出了面向飞行机组的智能驾驶技术、面向乘客的智能客舱技术以及面向机务的智能维护技术,并分别对智能驾驶技术、智能客舱技术以及智能维护技术进行了介绍,重点介绍了实现智能驾驶所依托的PBN、ADS-B等关键技术。本文的研究对未来智能飞机的设计具有重要的指引作用和研究意义。     

Implementation of tactical maneuvers with maneuver libraries

This study creates and combines the general maneuver libraries for fixed-wing aircraft to implement tactical maneuvers. First, the generalized maneuver libraries are established by analyzing the characteristics of tactical maneuvers required in battlefields. The 7th order polynomial is applied to both the creation of the maneuver libraries and the generation of the trajectories or flight paths for modal inputs. To track the desired trajectory, we design the Attitude Command Attitude Hold (ACAH) system and the Rate Command Rate Hold (RCRH) system using Model Following Controller (MFC). Moreover, the Line-of-Sight (LOS) guidance law is designed. In particular, the CONDUIT® is employed to optimize the gains so that the control systems meet the aircraft Handling Qualities (HQ) criteria. Finally, flight simulations are performed for the longitudinal loop, immelmann-turn, and climb-slalom-descent maneuvers to verify that tactical aggressive maneuvers are realizable via the combination of maneuver libraries. This study can contribute to the development of flight techniques for aircraft tactical maneuvers and to the revision of air force operational manuals.     

先进飞机的综合维护诊断技术

综合维护诊断技术的研究对提高飞机的可靠性、安全性和运营效率具有重要的意义,本文概括地对飞机故障诊断技术的应用和发展作了介绍,结合先进大型民航客机,对综合智能维护诊断技术的研究现状和内容进行了分析。最后提出了一种飞机综合智能维护诊断系统的基本结构体系以及未来的发展趋势。     

基于CBR的民用飞机维修决策系统研究

基于CBR的智能维修决策技术,可以为新型国产飞机维修大纲制订人员提供有用的决策信息,提高制定飞机维修大纲的智能化水平和效率。研究的核心问题就是基于CBR的维修任务和维修间隔制订方法,它们为维修决策支持系统提供理论指导与核心算法。最后开发了基于CBR、以SQL Server作为后台数据库管理系统的民用飞机维修决策系统,并以新舟600（MA600）飞机ATA32起落架系统组件为实例进行验证,效果良好。     

自动相关监视系统信息传输性能分析方法及测试平台构建

本研究目的在于提出一种在民用飞机机载自动相关监视系统(Automatic Dependent Surveillance,简称ADS)系统设计和试验过程中实时/非实时检测该系统端到端信息传输性能的分析方法,并进行相应的地面测试平台搭建设计。对口于飞机的机载系统,ADS监视系统信息传输性能分析平台能够快速准确定位ADS系统的试验故障,实现有效的排故和分析,直观地评估自相关监视系统的工作状态。这项研究的结果有助于推动机载合同式自动相关监视系统(Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Contract,简称ADS-C)和广播式自动相关监视系统(Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast,简称ADS-B)机上地面功能试验、民机机上地面试验、民机飞行试验等各项工作的开展。该平台在飞机交付以后,也有利于维护工作与客户支持工作的进行。     

基于联合仿真的飞机空调系统故障影响

飞机空调系统是飞机的重要组成部分,由于其在飞行过程中环境和工作参数变化较大,易于受到多种因素的影响而成为故障率较高的飞机系统之一。飞机空调系统故障主要发生在飞行过程中,在地面状态难以复现,因此基于联合仿真的飞机空调系统故障影响分析对飞机设计验证和地面维修具有重要意义。首先根据飞机空调系统原理建立了冲压空气进气口模型、发动机压气机模型、压力调节与预冷组件模型、制冷组件模型;然后基于AMESim-Simulink联合仿真平台,模拟飞行过程中空调系统组件性能动态变化过程;最后对典型故障如预冷器泄漏、预冷器空气活门卡死、压力传感器冲击、冲压空气进气作动筒卡死等故障进行模拟,再现了飞行过程中空调系统故障情况,分析了空调组件性能的变化过程。     

Next generation test support systems for the aircraft life cycle

The objective of this paper is to present the experience of EADS in using a common test support system for integration and qualification testing, aircraft ground equipment (AGE), in-service software maintenance facilities (ISMF) and ground crew training. EADS uses its test support system AIDASS (Advanced Integrated Data Acquisition and Stimulation System) in different phases of the aircraft life cycle. AIDASS is comprised of a real-time front-end system and a standard PC for the user interface. The EADS test support system is used in almost all phases of the aircraft life cycle, for instance, for integration and verification testing, as aircraft ground equipment, for in-service software maintenance and training of ground crews. This test support system is used for the software maintenance in the TORNADO program at different airforces in Europe. The airforces also share test setups with industry     

航母舰载机装备体系及指标论证方法

针对航母舰载机装备体系及指标论证的强体系和强舰载约束特征,以及多机种一体化保障要求高等特点,提出了基于模糊关系变换理论的体系论证方法,建立各型舰载机装备需求与任务需求之间的关系,结合航母编队作战使用特点以及航母甲板/机库空间尺寸约束进行迭代优化,构建舰载机体系结构和典型配置方案。同时,提出了基于舰载机作业流程仿真和舰载约束条件下的指标论证与优化方法,凸显编队体系作战、舰机适配性、海洋环境适应等特殊约束要素,形成系统科学的舰载机战术技术指标体系。在此基础上,构建了面向专家群决策的论证支持系统,并介绍了该系统的基本框架和运用流程。     

The High Power Metal-Oxide Varistor as a Vehicular and Aircrcraft Transient Suppessor

The shunt-type transient suppressor currently being used by the U.S. Army for suppression of voltage transients in tactical and combat vehicles is applicable to military aircraft as well. Advances in metal-oxide varistor technology have led to the development of a low-cost, low-voltage device having a breakdown voltage designed for use in 28-V dc electrical systems. This paper discusses the avalanche diode and the metal-oxide varistor as high-power transient suppressors. lt shows that the metal-oxide varistor has a less effective voltage clamp at the required breakdown level of 33 to 36 volts.     

民用飞机直接维修成本分配模型研究

降低民用飞机直接维修成本是提高飞机经济性、增强市场竞争力的重要途径。以民用飞机研制阶段在很大程度上决定其维修成本的高低为背景,在分析相关文献研究成果的基础上,构建可反映民用飞机成本特性的设计参数结构层次图,基于TOPSIS-灰色关联法计算类似机型的相对相似度,进行民用飞机直接维修成本分配;将类似机型典型系统直接维修成本数据输入分配模型进行验证。结果表明：本文模型可较为准确地预测民用飞机系统级直接维修成本,计算结果满足工程要求,可为预测新研机型直接维修成本提供参考。     

NASA research and development for space telerobotics

The goal of this research is to explore and prevent robust concepts for telerobotic support of space servicing, assembly, maintenance, and telescience tasks. This goal is being addressed through a program of coordinated work in artificial intelligence, robotics, and human factors. The general research objective is the fusion of robot sensing and manipulation, teleoperation, and human and machine cognitive skills into an effective architecture for supervised task automation. NASA is evaluating results of this research program in a ground laboratory telerobot testbed under development at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The testbed development activity includes integrated technology demonstrations. The demonstrations show telerobot capabilities to perform tasks of increasing complexity, and duration in increasingly unstructured environments. The first such demonstration is the ground-based grappling, docking, and servicing of a satellite taskboard. The author outlines this demonstration and briefly reports on some aspects of its implementation     

基于Red5和Flex的地面运行控制系统设计

根据南航北京分公司的地面生产情况,提出了一套完善的地面生产监控系统设计方案。地面生产监控系统主要用于监控飞机预落及在机坪上的生产活动,并采用事件机制协调SOC、CGS、货运及飞机维修厂的生产工作。该系统将对运行指挥部的地面航班监控提供强力支持,对保障航班正常性及延误原因调查具有重要意义。提出以网络在线游戏的设计理念和架构处理企业生产问题,从而满足一线运行单位对信息系统即时性、易用性和易部署性的强烈需求。     

详细初步设计阶段使用与维修保障同步设计方法研究

从工程应用角度基于IPT工作模式,建立详细初步设计阶段以电子样机、虚拟仿真技术等为手段,同步开展使用与维修保障设计分析的流程和方法。以某型飞机舵机A为实例,对建立的方法进行应用,实践表明,建立的方法适用、有效、符合工程实际。该方法的建立,将对详细初步设计阶段一级IPT成员同步开展使用与维修保障设计、分析工作提供有力的技术支撑,对提高军用飞机使用与维修保障设计水平具有重要意义。     

飞机供电系统自动化仿真技术

飞机供电系统是现代飞机核心组成部分之一,其性能和可靠性对飞机安全至关重要,仿真方法为高品质飞机供电系统设计提供了重要手段。传统的手动仿真方法需要耗费大量人力和时间资源,且无法完全考虑系统的复杂性和不确定性,因此无法满足飞机供电系统全面分析和评估的需求。文中提出了一种将虚拟仿真和实物系统相结合的飞机供电系统自动化仿真技术,能够提高仿真效率和准确性,且可快速、高效地评估飞机供电系统的性能,发现潜在问题,指导系统的优化与改进,对提高飞机供电系统的设计、分析和优化具有重要意义。     

飞机电缆屏蔽典型工艺分析

简述了在飞机大修、改装和维护等工作过程中电缆所出现的一些应引起注意的工艺性问题,并通过一些故障照片加以说明,为飞机维护提供参考.     

数字孪生技术在飞机设计验证中的应用

随着工业4.0技术的发展,数字孪生技术正在不断渗透到工业生产和新产品研发的各个领域,并为新产品研发带来综合性能整体优化、研发成本降低、研制周期缩短等优势,是提升新产品市场竞争力的重要手段。在现代民用飞机研发过程中,从型号需求、初步定义、详细设计、生产试制、试飞取证和运营维护等产品全生命周期内,都可以利用数字孪生技术,实现虚拟和物理的无缝对接,尤其在飞机设计验证方面,更可以做到更优、更广、更快、更省。然而,在我国民用飞机研制项目中,还未形成数字孪生应用体系。本文通过对飞机架构模型设计、多模型构架集成以及模型参数辨识和验证几个方面,对数字孪生技术在飞机设计验证过程中的应用技术进行了探讨。经研究发现,数字孪生技术对飞机型号研制各阶段的设计验证,尤其是集成试验验证提供了重要的指导作用和技术支持,为民用飞机适航验证和运维服务提供了更快、更经济、更强有力的支持与保障。     

Mathematical Modeling of a VSCF Aircraft Generating System

DC-link converters having a variable input frequency but a constant output frequency now provide a viable alternative to the constant-speed mechanical drive as a means of providing a constant frequency power supply from an aircraft generator. The ease of replacement and repair, the reduction in servicing needs, and the ability to locate the components of the electrical system throughout the aircraft all combine to bring about a considerable reduction in the maintenance time which is required. A computationally efficient technique for the mathematical modeling of a typical electrical system, in which the overall power network is torn initially into a set of convenient subnetworks, is described. Connection matrices are employed to combine the equations computed for the various subnetworks with the equations for the overall network. Typical results are presented for the overall system. The performance detail enables many important design considerations to be investigated prior to manufacture.     

基于定期维护的产品维修策略研究

 维护是保持产品技术状态、降低失效发生的重要手段。通过分析维护对产品技术状态和失效变化规律的影响,利用复合Poisson过程描述了产品的维护效果,得到了定期维护条件下产品的寿命分布规律。在此基础上,提出了一种定期维护与视情维修相结合的维修策略,通过优化该维修策略下的产品维修费用,给出了最优的定期维护周期和预防性维修阈值。通过算例分析,表明该维修策略可以有效延长产品的维修间隔,从而大大减少产品全寿命期间的维修次数,产品在全寿命周期内的维修费用也得到了有效降低。