氢化物—原子吸收光谱法测定人发中硒的研究

介绍用ＷＨＧ—１０２Ａ型流动注入氢化物发生器与ＷＦＸ—１Ｅ２型原子吸收分光光度计配合，测定人发中硒（Ｓｅ）。硒的吸收信号为平台吸收曲线，比用吸收峰所获得的数据更稳定可靠     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定高温合金中微量硒

高温合金中硒元素是原子吸收法最难测定的元素之一。研究了灰化、原子化温度，和以钯镁混合物为基体改进剂，用石墨炉原子吸收仪直接测定高温合金中硒的方法。     

针对光纤陀螺信号处理的单片机解决方案

本文主要论证了将数字信号处理（DSP）技术应用到闭环光纤陀螺信号处理中的可行性。全文主要由三方面的内容组成：一、绪论；二、光纤陀螺的参数理论分析；三、光纤陀螺的闭环系统实现；四、闭环陀螺系统性能与改进；五、结论与建议；六、参考文献；七、感谢。     

简讯

国际航空法研讨会在北京召开；民航总局与湖南省政府共商加快湖南民航发展；民航总局与云南省政府达成七项共识；欧美开放天空协议再度推迟；ACI合并亚洲地区和太平洋地区；欧洲空中管制中心推出违禁航班警报服务；澳大利亚民航将全面展开毒品酒精检测。     

民航动态

国货航与山航签署货运合作协议；厦航与国开行签订金融合作协议；吉祥航空加盟厦门机场；国航启动A330拉萨机场精密导航运行项目；减少航班空中飞行或地面滑行时间；神农架机场举行奠基仪式；奥凯停飞客运航线全部复航。     

航空新闻/航空市场

中国航空研究院与德国宇航院签署合作备忘录；中国一航高新技术成果亮相高交会；中航二集团环控系统技术研发中心成立；中国一航与空客签署A319机翼翼盒合同；“小鹰”500获得CAAC型号合格证；巴西航空工业公司EMB145空中预警和控制飞机在LIMA2005国际航展亮相；欧洲直升机公司将与中国合作研制新直升机     

航空维修业简讯

STAECO获得空客A320系列机型维修批准；国内首台燃调／燃油泵试验台通过适航鉴定；艾法斯与Ameco共建航电设备服务中心；Ameco与印度航空公司签署飞机大修协议；美中航空合作项目向中国民航提供第二期高管培训；EADS上半年盈利下滑。     

特种工艺的控制

介绍了通过承接外商加工任务，研究、分析、学习国外经验，采取一系列措施，提高本公司特种工艺水平的做法。其中包括：编制一套适合全面质量管理要求的工艺说明书；更新、改造设备；对操作人员进行培训和资格考核；建立工艺系统质量控制网；建立车间自我控制制度；与外协厂签订特种工艺技术协议；强化质量保证试验；应用新工艺新技术等     

航空维修业简讯

Ameco与美联航签5年波音777飞机重维修协议；芬航首飞广州 Ameco执行航线维护放行；南航与波音签约订购10架B787；俄罗斯企业将参与A350和未来飞机项目；GAMECO一年大修飞机百架     

印度软件外包产业发展对中部崛起的启示

印度针对软件产业发展的国际趋势与本国的人才、成本优势，通过制定国家战略以及在人才、产业园区、产业国际化、行业组织、知识产权保护、风险投资与企业上市等方面的政策与措施，在软件外包产业方面获得了巨大的发展。印度软件外包产业的发展对于我国中部地区实现崛起在战略的选择、制定与实施方面具有启示意义，具体包括：聚焦战略是中部地区产业发展的可行选择，应根据内外部条件选择适合的产业集中发展；高度重视“趋同空间”在区域崛起中的作用，通过利益相关者达成共识的过程保证战略方向与政策的正确性和有效性；制定产业扶植政策应有系统性、针对性与突破性；应为战略产业构建一个具有异质性的区域支持空间；全力培植与凝聚促进产业爆发式增长的“关键大多数”人才。     

Preparation,Growth Mechanisms and Characterizations of ZnSe Films via the Solvothermal Method

With diethylamine as a solvent, ZnSe films were formed on the Si substrate directly from zinc and selenium through the modified solvothermal method. The effects of holding temperature, deposition time and substrate surface treatment on the quality and morpholo-gies of the ZnSe films were investigated. The growth mechanism of ZnSe films was proved to be a layer-nucleation growth process, which was tied in with the Stranski-Krastanov (SK) model. ZnSe films were identified by the X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), the scan-ning electron microscope (SEM), the X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS) and the photoluminescence (PL) techniques. The results indicate that the modified solvothermal method with diethylamine as a solvent is suitable to prepare high quality ZnSe films.     

热处理对Mo-Si系金属间化合物微观组织和断裂韧性的影响

以纯金属Mo与纯Si为原料,通过电弧熔炼法制备了Mo₃Si-Mo₅Si3共晶,Mo₅Si3-MoSi₂亚共晶和过共晶Mo-Si系金属间化合物。在1200℃分别对3种合金进行了12h、24h、48h和96h真空退火,观察层状结构在合金中的形成、变化及破坏。1200℃退火48h后,在Mo₅Si3-MoSi₂亚共晶合金中发现了发展完好的Mo₅Si3（D8m）/MoSi₂（C11b）层状结构,层间距为几百纳米;在Mo₅Si3-MoSi₂过共晶合金中,层状结构的层间距与体积百分含量在退火前后没有发生明显变化;在Mo₃Si-Mo₅Si3共晶合金中始终未观察到层状结构的存在。通过压痕法测量了各合金的断裂韧性（K_IC）,研究了微观结构与KIC之间的关系。     

Phase Transformation and Microstructure of Ti50Ni48-xFe2Ndx Shape Memory Alloys

The influences of rare earth element Nd on the phase transformation and the microstructure of Ti₅₀Ni_48−xFe₂Nd_x shape memory alloys are investigated by means of electrical resistivity, optical microscopy, electron probe microanalyzer, and X-ray diffraction. The results show that TiNiFe alloys with different Nd contents exhibit two-step martensitic transformation. The start temperature of martensitic transformation increases sharply from 212 K to 267 K when 0.1 at.% Nd is added in, and then decreases gradually if Nd content further increases. The microstructure of TiNiFeNd quaternary alloys consists of TiNi matrix, Ti₂Ni second phase, and Nd₃Ni intermetallic compound. The spherical Nd₃Ni precipitate-particles evenly disperse in the matrix.     

正十七烷与正十八烷对航空煤油理化性能及液滴平均直径的影响

讨论了正十七烷与正十八烷(C₁₇,C₁₈)对燃料运动黏度、密度、表面张力理化性能的影响,探究了直链烷烃对SMD(Sauter mean diameter)的影响.将Key's混合规律、Tat混合规律和多项式拟合应用于密度公式的拟合,并将Key's混合规律与对数拟合应用于运动黏度公式的拟合,得出的理化性能拟合公式精度较高;通过测量纯煤油及C₁₇,C₁₈混合油雾化的SMD,实验发现随着直链烷烃的质量分数的增加,混合油的运动黏度增加,SMD也随之增加,雾化效果与纯航空煤油的相比较差,而C₁₈混合油的SMD要比C₁₇混合油要大,并且利用密度、运动黏度的拟合公式对SMD进行预测的偏差小于0.3%.      

Improving profile accuracy and surface quality of blisk by electrochemical machining with a micro inter-electrode gap

Electrochemical machining (ECM) has emerged as an important option for manufacturing the blisk. The inter-electrode gap (IEG) distribution is an essential parameter for the blisk precise shaping process in ECM, as it affects the process stability, profile accuracy and surface quality. Larger IEG leads to a poor localization effect and has an adverse influence on the machining accuracy and surface quality of blisk. To achieve micro-IEG (<50 μm) blisk finishing machining, this work puts forward a novel variable-parameters blisk ECM strategy based on the synchronous coupling mode of micro-vibration amplitude and small pulse duration. The modelling and simulation of the blisk micro-IEG machining have been carried out. Exploratory experiments of variable-parameters blisk ECM were carried out. The results illustrated that the IEG width reduced with the progress of variable parameter process. The IEG width of the blade’s concave part and convex part could be successfully controlled to within 30 μm and 21 μm, respectively. The profile deviation for the blade’s concave surface and convex surface are 49 μm and 35 μm, while the surface roughness reaches R_a = 0.149 μm and R_a = 0.196 μm, respectively. The profile accuracy of the blisk leading/trailing edges was limited to within 91 μm. Compared with the currently-established process, the profile accuracy of the blade’s concave and convex profiles was improved by 50.5 % and 53.3 %, respectively. The surface quality was improved by 53.2 % and 50.9 %, respectively. Additionally, the machined surface was covered with small corrosion pits and weak attacks of the grain boundary due to selective dissolution. Some electrolytic products were dispersed on the machined surface, and their components were mainly composed of the carbide and oxide products of Ti and Nb elements. The results indicate that the variable-parameters strategy is effective for achieving a tiny IEG in blisk ECM, which can be used in engineering practice.     

Nb对富钛TiNiAl金属间化合物强化机制的影响

 采用力学压缩试验、扫描电镜和X射线衍射方法研究了Nb元素对于Ti₅₀Ni₄₂Al₈合金的力学性能和微观组织结构的影响。结果表明，Nb能够显著提高合金从室温到700 ℃之间的强度。在600 ℃时，Ti₅₀Ni₄₀Al₈Nb₂合金的压缩屈服强度和比强度分别为1 237 MPa和216 MPa/(g·cm^-3)，超过Rene95高温合金。微观组织观察及成分分析表明，Nb元素在基体和强化相Ti₂Ni（Al）中固溶，促进强化相的弥散析出和细化，并导致高强富Nb相的析出，从而提高了合金的强度。     

热真空环境对常用胶接材料性能的影响

空间的热真空环境是造成光电子器件胶接材料性能退化和放气污染的重要因素.为此,考察了几类典型胶接材料的热真空老化和热真空挥发特性,分析了热真空老化后的力学性能变化及真空挥发产物的主要来源,并对热真空挥发预处理方法进行了验证.结果表明软质的硅橡胶与硬质的环氧树脂胶和丙烯酸树脂胶相比有着更大的质量损失,且含有端羟基的缩聚型硅橡胶和环氧树脂胶真空老化后的模量变化较大.通过真空预处理可以作为降低固化胶真空挥发产物来源的一种有效手段.可为宇航用光电子器件胶接材料的设计选型提供参考依据.     

基于 SAM 的不锈钢点焊接头无损检测

运用超声波扫描显微镜(SAM)对1 mm厚SUS304不锈钢薄板点焊接头进行无损检测,分析不同焊接工艺条件下的C扫描图像,并对C扫描图像各特征区域的A扫描信号进行采集、分析,研究两者间的对应关系,通过超声波C扫描成像法对焊核直径进行测量。结果表明:超声波扫描显微镜可以检测不锈钢点焊接头缺陷,并通过C扫描图像区分缺陷类型;在电极压力为0.15 MPa、焊接电流大于8 k A时,C扫描图像可以清楚的反映飞溅、过烧等缺陷;C扫描图像各特征区域表现出不同的A扫描信号特征;基于超声波C扫描测量的焊核直径为4.39~5.25 mm。     

Understanding stress corrosion cracking behavior of 7085-T7651 aluminum alloy in polluted atmosphere

The electrochemical and Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) behaviors of 7085-T7651 aluminum alloy in different environments are studied by electrochemical and mechanical testing. The research shows that the type, concentration of the corrosive medium and electrolyte state affect the electrochemical and SCC controlling processes of aluminum alloys. The Thin Electrolyte Layer (TEL) state and the addition of HSO₃^– increase the corrosion rate and SCC susceptibility. The presence of HSO₃^– in a corrosive environment can significantly accelerate the corrosion rate and mechanical property degradation, and this effect increases with the increase of HSO₃^– concentration. Compared with the solution environment, the TEL environment will further aggravate corrosion and mechanical property degradation. With the increase of HSO₃^– concentration, the pH of the corrosive environment exhibits little change, while the SCC degradation is significantly promoted. This is attributed to the HSO₃^– induced buffer effect and film-assisted stress effect, yielding the overshadowing effect against solution pH.     

The Swift X-Ray Telescope

he Swift Gamma-Ray Explorer is designed to make prompt multiwavelength observations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and GRB afterglows. The X-ray telescope (XRT) enables Swift to determine GRB positions with a few arcseconds accuracy within 100 s of the burst onset. The XRT utilizes a mirror set built for JET-X and an XMM-Newton/EPIC MOS CCD detector to provide a sensitive broad-band (0.2–10 keV) X-ray imager with effective area of > 120 cm² at 1.5 keV, field of view of 23.6 × 23.6 arcminutes, and angular resolution of 18 arcseconds (HPD). The detection sensitivity is 2×10⁻¹⁴ erg cm⁻² s⁻¹ in 10⁴ s. The instrument is designed to provide automated source detection and position reporting within 5 s of target acquisition. It can also measure the redshifts of GRBs with Fe line emission or other spectral features. The XRT operates in an auto-exposure mode, adjusting the CCD readout mode automatically to optimize the science return for each frame as the source intensity fades. The XRT will measure spectra and lightcurves of the GRB afterglow beginning about a minute after the burst and will follow each burst for days or weeks. Dedicated to David J. Watson, in memory of his valuable contributions to this instrument.