导弹子母弹子弹抛撒弹道模型及数字仿真

建立了导弹子母弹抛撒弹道模型，并编制了抛撒弹道仿真程序，仿真结果与靶场试验结果一致，仿真程序也适用于所有弹道导弹子母弹撒 轴对称子弹的无控弹道仿真，可为地地导弹子母作战使用及作战效能研究提供强有力的分析工具。     

基于UKF的再入弹道高精度估计方法研究

飞行器在再入段的弹道可用较为精确的动力学模型描述,在地心直角坐标系下建立飞行器再入段的动力学模型,利用UKF对弹道式再入目标的弹道进行估计,并与三站几何解析法的解算结果进行对比,仿真结果表明,基于动力学模型的UKF可以有效地提高再入目标弹道的估计精度.     

舰对舰导弹射击精确度仿真模型的检验问题

采用仿真技术进行统计模拟打靶是向军方提供对舰导弹向真实目标射击条件下单发命中概率的唯一途径。射击精确度仿真模型是进行统计模拟打靶的基础模型,为了保证统计模拟打靶与导弹实际射击过程之间的相似性,首要问题是应该利用导弹飞行试验结果对射击精确度仿真模型进行检验。本文一般介绍了射击精确度仿真模型及其检验问题,并对弹道仿真模型的检验进行重点讨论。利用从典型弹道和基准弹道仿真检验逐步过渡到实际弹道仿真检验的作法,可以完整地检验弹道仿真模型并满足射击精确度仿真的需要。     

弹道交班自适应算法研究

为实现复合制导不同制导弹道的平滑过渡,用二阶吻合法设计了一不同制导律间的指令交接导引段。建立了自适应弹道交接导引算法的模型。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该算法具较好的弹道过载平滑能力,有一定的应用价值。     

姿控载荷多约束下的内外弹道联合优化

为提升固体运载器整体性能,提出一种姿控载荷多约束的内外弹道联合优化建模方法。首先,建立固体运载器内弹道计算模型和外弹道计算模型,给出大风区和级间分离的姿态控制模型以及杆状减阻装置载荷计算模型。其次,以灵敏度分析方法选择出内外弹道设计参数作为优化设计变量,将姿控摆角需求、减阻杆承载能力作为约束条件,建立以射程最优为目标的优化模型。最后,将该方法应用在某三级固体运载器的优化设计中,以差分进化算法开展仿真校验,射程提高了10.8%,并且优化结果满足姿控和载荷约束。     

跨大气层飞行器的无动力跃滑弹道优化研究

针对跨大气层飞行器的无动力跃滑飞行弹道的特性,建立了其飞行动力学模型,通过弹道仿真分析了该弹道相对于最小能量弹道所具有的射程和突防性能优势,提出了几种跳跃飞行可能采用的控制方式,其中最大升阻比控制方式在单一控制方式中的射程最大,在此基础上,基于射程最大进行全弹道优化,结果表明最大升阻比滑翔飞行是使射程最大的最佳飞行方式。     

一种基于单站仅测角观测的弹道射向估计算法

针对单站仅测角条件下的弹道射向估计问题,提出了一种新的基于推力加速度模板的弹道射向估计算法。首先,建立以射向为待估参数的弹道平面切割模型,获得一组备选弹道曲线。其次,通过UKF算法从每条备选弹道曲线中估计出推力加速度曲线。最后,将得到的推力加速度曲线与推力加速度模板进行匹配,进而得到弹道射向估计结果。仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

临近空间无动力攻击器修正弹道建模与仿真

针对临近空间无动力攻击器飞行高度跨度大、速度高、射程远等特点,建立了空气动力模型,考虑高空气动力、重力加速度随高度与纬度的变化,地球自转以及地表曲率等因素对弹道的影响,建立了精度较高的弹道数学模型,并与不考虑以上因素的情况进行了对比。仿真结果表明:临近空间无动力攻击器弹道建模中考虑上述因素的影响是必要的。     

二次燃烧对自力弹射内弹道影响分析

目前弹射所用低温药柱的燃烧平衡产物中含有可燃气体成分,遇初容室内氧气后发生二次燃烧,影响初容室内流场与弹射内弹道特性。为了分析二次燃烧对自力弹射方案内弹道的影响,建立了自力弹射可压缩流动仿真模型,结合有限速率化学反应模型与动网格技术,利用PISO(压力隐式算子分裂法)算法对控制方程进行数值求解。计算结果表明,二次燃烧使得初容室初始压力峰值时刻提前,并影响初始压力峰值大小。仿真分析结果为自力弹射内弹道设计提供了理论参考。     

海杂波后向散射频谱的研究

为研究导弹跟踪海面目标时的海杂波多径干扰,建立了用于数值仿真和半实物仿真的目标回波与海面杂波的多普勒频率及功率模型。理论仿真计算值与飞行试验数据的比较表明,所建的海面后向散射海杂波模型正确,可用于背景模型仿真。最后给出了一低空远界理论弹道主瓣杂波功率的仿真样例。     

Earth observations: the view from the ground

A ground-level view of Earth observations reveals that emerging ground segments are of at least two major categories: those that are satellite-driven and which have top-down organizations and those that are data-driven and organized from the bottom up. Or put differently, the former are generally data users. A ground-level perspective also suggests that continually rising scientific and economic value of data and decreasing national budgets require balancing satellite investment with effective ground segment evolution to provide demonstrable reasons to continue funding both satellites and ground activities.     

The fluid-dynamic disturbances induced on the ISS, based on the first acceleration measurements on board the space station

The different acceleration components on the ISS that are responsible for the generation of convective motions in a fluid cell either in the presence of density gradients or in quasi-isodense processes, are analyzed. The NASA measurements of the quasi-steady and periodic acceleration on the ISS are considered and their effects on fluid-dynamic experiments are computed and discussed under different assumptions. In particular, numerical simulations are carried out to identify the relative importance of linear and pendular accelerations, due to possible rotations of the P/L around its center of mass. The effects caused by variable accelerations created by an isolation mount that exhibits an attenuation factor not constant within the payload volume, caused by the reaction forces of the umbilicals, are computed and analyzed.     

System of works on numerical modeling of the dynamics of the structure of the Space Radiotelescope in the RadioAstron project

The results of modeling the dynamics of the Space Radiotelescope are presented. The results of ground-based vibration-dynamic tests are used to validate the calculation models and estimate the damping levels. The dynamic distortions of the reflecting surface caused by the operation of the pointing mechanism of the high-gain antenna are estimated.     

混沌码用作测控扩频码的可行性研究

阐述了混沌码的基本特性,提出用混沌码作为测控扩频码的构想,并讨论了混沌码扩频测控体系构成,以及体系中的关键技术,从而论证混沌码扩频测控体制的可行性,研究表明混沌码比传统扩频码有更强的保密和抗多址干扰特性。     

基于产业思维的航天发射服务研究

首先从核心驱动出发提出航天发展三阶段第一推动力,从产业要素出发分析航天产业进阶的市场、技术和产业政策三要素。而后从价值链出发研究航天产业产值分布和产业整合策略。最后分析了新兴航天发射服务公司的模式、产品和技术,为我国航天发射服务提供参考。     

多飞行器测控技术的研究

提出了一种基于DBF和DMF-CDMA技术的多飞行器测控系统。首先描述了系统的工作原理，然后对DBF给出了全面和详细的计算机仿真，包括圆面阵DBF阵因子方向图仿真和DBF对多飞行器的搜索与跟踪仿真。最后对DMF-CDMA给出了实验结果。实验的硬软件巳达到实用水平。这些说明本文提出的多飞行器测控方案是可行的。     

Role of the astronaut in operating the Advanced Fluid Physics Module

The role of man in space is investigated in the operation of the Advanced Fluid Physics Module (AFPM), a scientific instrument dedicated to fluid physics research in a microgravity environment and flown on the Spacelab D2 mission. The astronaut involvement is addressed by applying the criteria of the THURIS study, conducted by NASA for the optimization of future manned space flights. Outcomes of the THURIS study are first summarized. The AFPM characteristics and interfaces are briefly presented. The five experiments performed on board Spacelab D2 are introduced and the involvement of the astronaut is described. Finally, THURIS criteria are applied to an AFPM experiment scenario. Results show that, of all the activities involved in the AFPM nominal operation, two thirds are related to hardware manipulation and to procedure following, while the last third uses the unique astronaut intellectual capabilities, making his presence in orbit mandatory for successful experiment completion.     

三角形激光陀螺谐振腔的精度分析

利用几何光学建立了三角形激光陀螺谐振腔反射镜微动引起腔内环形光路的变化方程，通过对光路偏移量的分离，导出由谐振腔加工误差造成的且经过调腔后的剩余偏移量，最后通过光路的剩余偏移量对激光陀螺性能影响的分析，计算出三角形激光陀螺谐振腔加工精度要求并对其特点进行了总结。     

Is "the right stuff" the right stuff?

In 1979 the author Tom Wolfe likened US astronauts to sacrificial gladiators characterized by competitiveness, independence, self-sufficiency, extroversion and a sense of moral righteousness and superiority--in short, 'the right stuff'. But are these the qualities needed for long-duration international missions? The author's hunch is that they are on the whole still necessary but not sufficient, but he emphasizes that systematic study of past behavioural reactions and analogous environments is needed if vital questions of interpersonal dynamics are to be answered correctly.     

Estimation of the current density and analysis of the geometry of the current system surrounding the Earth

The results of an investigation of the distribution of plasma pressure, pressure gradients, and magnetic field near the equatorial plane in the plasma ring surrounding the Earth under magneto-quiet conditions are presented. Observational data obtained during the international THEMIS mission are used. The picture of the distribution of transverse-current density near the equatorial plane was obtained under assumption of observing the magnetostatic balance condition at geocentric distances from 6 to 12R _E. In estimating the integral transverse current it was accepted that in daytime sector the magnetic-field minima on magnetic field lines are not localized in the equatorial plane. Estimates of the integral transverse current were obtained, which demonstrate the possibility of closing nighttime transverse currents at geocentric distances of up to ～12R _E inside the magnetosphere, which form a high-latitudinal continuation of the ring current.