涡轮平面叶栅非轴对称端壁优化设计

开发了一套造型灵活直观、网格生成速度快的涡轮平面叶栅非轴对称端壁优化设计工具,该工具的核心技术是非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)曲面造型和网格变形.在此基础上以商业软件Isight为优化驱动器,以CFX为求解器,搭建了非轴对称端壁优化设计流程.以Pack B涡轮平面叶栅为例,对其进行了非轴对称端壁优化设计.优化后涡轮平面叶栅总压损失系数减小了12.96%.结果表明:涡轮平面叶栅端部的静压分布改变削弱了涡轮平面叶栅通道中马蹄涡、通道涡的强度,提高了涡轮平面叶栅的气动性能.      

对转压气机非轴对称端壁造型优化设计

为探索非轴对称端壁对对转压气机流场影响机理,采用端壁造型进一步提高对转压气机性能,以某对转压气机双排转子为研究对象,应用人工神经网络与遗传算法在整机环境下先后对转子1(R1)和转子2(R2)进行了非轴对称端壁造型优化,并对比分析了优化前后流场结构及性能.结果表明:在优化工况点,非轴对称端壁改变了各转子轮毂附近的静压分布,减小了周向静压梯度,降低了二次流强度;同时改变了各转子沿径向的通流能力,提高了各转子靠近尖部区域的效率;最终对转压气机整机效率上升了0.78%.      

三维设计思想在子午流道大扩张角条件下的应用

根据三维设计思想,提出了针对子午流道大扩张角条件下涡轮导向叶栅的设计思想.研究结果表明:在子午流道的设计上,采用减小内端壁扩张角及加大外端壁扩张角的方式,可有效保证内端壁附近气流的抗分离能力,并且导向叶片采用正倾斜设计,以降低通道涡的径向迁移,从而减小或消除导叶尖部气流的分离,增加尖部附近气流的抗分离能力,达到减少损失的目的.该方法现已在某航空发动机高性能低压涡轮气动设计中进行了成功的应用和验证.      

叶片力亏损与端壁边界层流动关联的数值研究

通过理论分析提出一种考虑叶片端部间隙影响的叶片力亏损模型,并对三种轴流压气机叶栅的端壁边界层及叶片力亏损进行了数值计算。计算结果与实验结果比较表明吻合程度较好,说明提出的叶片力亏损模型具有可行性和通用性。数值分析也表明端壁边界层流动与叶片力亏损存在着紧密的关联:端壁边界层的偏转程度对切向叶片力亏损有明显影响;边界层轴向动量增长率对轴向叶片力亏损起主要作用。     

铝拉杆热收口模和装配模的设计

管子收口是工业上广泛采用的,特别是航空工业上用来制造空心拉杆的一种工艺方法。过去多半采用拉丝式冲压收口法,即将管子轴向加载使管子沿着模腔流动,由于管子端部受径向压力,产生压缩变形,此时管壁材料主要受切向压应力作用,其直径缩小,壁部增厚,端伸长,同时非变形区的管壁由于承受全部压应     

端壁造型技术在亚声轴流压气机级中的应用

为探索利用端壁造型技术来提高轴流压气机性能的可能性,以亚声轴流压气机试验级为对象,对端壁造型技术在压气机中的应用进行了研究.鉴于压气机的逆压工作环境,端壁设计结合了周向(非轴对称)和流向两个方向的造型,具体介绍了造型方法.对端壁造型后压气机级的数值模拟显示:端壁造型技术可以有效减小、消除静子角区分离,进而提高级的效率和压比.      

涡轮叶栅端壁二次流动与换热的V2F模拟

针对低展弦比涡轮叶栅端壁区亚声速流动及换热,采用基于线性涡黏假设的V2F模型开展了数值模拟.结果表明：涡轮叶栅流动中存在马蹄涡、通道涡、压力侧角涡、吸力侧角涡等多种复杂涡系结构,其中马蹄涡与通道涡是涡轮叶栅二次损失的主要来源.端壁换热与马蹄涡及通道涡强度及位置直接相关,并呈现明显的分区特征.端壁极限流线结果显示,V2F模型模拟的端壁单马蹄涡分离线与实验结果吻合,优于SST （shear stress transport）k-ω模型模拟的端壁双马蹄涡分离线.V2F模型引入了新的湍流尺度,在马蹄涡及通道涡位置、端壁静压损失系数分布、叶栅出口总压损失分布及端壁Standon数分布等方面均与实验结果吻合较好,对叶栅气动损失及端壁换热有良好的预测能力.     

具有不同翼刀的压气机叶栅二次流结构分析

给出了具有端壁翼刀、吸力面翼刀和组合翼刀的可控扩散叶型(CDA)压气机叶栅的二次流结构简图.端壁翼刀和吸力面翼刀分别通过阻断端壁横向流动和展向流动来对栅内二次流进行控制,不同程度上可使叶栅总损失得到降低;组合翼刀叶栅兼顾了端壁翼刀、吸力面翼刀叶栅中二次流的特点;最佳组合翼刀并不是最佳端壁翼刀和最佳吸力面翼刀的简单组合,它需要一个更详细的优化过程.不同翼刀在不同程度上改善栅内流动状况的同时,也伴随着端壁翼刀涡、吸力面翼刀涡和类通道涡的形成和发展,这使栅内旋涡结构较常规叶栅更为复杂.      

改进的瞬态实验方法对涡轮转子端壁换热的研究

改进瞬态实验方法,使实验件的初始温度在上下表面间形成线性分布,降低了对实验设备和操作的要求.以此方法研究涡轮转子端壁的流动和换热情况,实验结果表明,端壁表面的换热强度受来流雷诺数和端壁二次流结构的共同影响.来流雷诺数增加,端壁整体换热增强;二次流的影响,导致端壁表面存在若干局部传热强化的区域,包括前缘马蹄涡形成的区域、马蹄涡分支覆盖的区域、靠近吸力面一侧通道涡生成的区域、以及角涡产生的位置.实验测得的结果符合对端壁二次流结构的现有认识.      

非轴对称端壁下高负荷压气机叶栅二次流动分析

探讨了高负荷压气机叶栅中应用非轴对称端壁的有效性.首先利用NUMECA/Design3D优化软件包来完成了对端壁的优化,然后推导并建立了高负荷压气机叶栅出口含全部掺混损失的二次流损失的计算方法,最后在设计攻角和非设计攻角下对轴对称端壁和非轴对称端壁结构的高负荷压气机叶栅内部及出口流场进行了详细的分析.分析结果表明:在设计攻角和非设计攻角下采用非轴对称端壁均能改变端壁附近载荷分布、降低叶片通道的二次流动损失;在设计攻角下使叶栅周向质量平均总压损失减少约为9.4%,在非设计攻角(±3°)下分别减损7.7%和11.8%;当非轴对称端壁幅值为4%叶高时,二次流动损失最小.      

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.