基于递阶遗传算法的结构多损伤监测

基于递阶遗传算法(HGA)与结构优化思想,提出了一种针对欧拉-伯努利梁和二维板结构的多损伤监测方法.该方法利用递阶遗传算法的控制基因表示损伤的数量和位置,以参数基因表示损伤的程度,有效地避免了传统遗传算法(CGA)的早熟现象所造成的损伤误识别等问题.一个悬臂梁和悬臂方板结构模型的多损伤监测仿真计算表明该方法能够准确地监测一、二维结构中多个位置的损伤,而传统遗传算法难以识别二维结构中的多损伤情况.悬臂梁仿真算例中,该方法和传统遗传算法对多损伤程度的识别误差分别为0.144%和1.819%,所需的有限元计算次数该方法仅为传统遗传算法的16.4%.与传统遗传算法相比,递阶遗传算法明显提高了损伤识别方法的计算效率、精度和稳定性.      

高温高Q腔法介电性能测试系统稳定性研究

经测试原理分析,证明了高温空腔(测试腔体内无样品)特性(主要指谐振频率和品质因数)的准确性和稳定性是保证样品高温介电性能测试结果准确性和稳定性的必要条件.进行了室温～1 600℃定点温度下恒温时间为3、5和8 min、7～18 GHz的空腔特性测试,结果表明谐振频率相互之间相对偏差±0.05%,品质因数相互之间相对偏差<±5%,验证了恒温时间为3 min时可获得准确的高温空腔特性数据.还在不同时间不同季节多次对空腔进行了室温～1 600℃、7～18 GHz空腔特性测试,结果表明谐振频率之间相对误差<±0.04%,品质因数之间的相对误差<±5%,进一步验证了该测试系统可获得准确稳定的测试结果.     

ICP-OES法测定钛合金中稀土元素Y,La,Pr,Sm,Ce,Gd和Nd

进行了用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)法测定钛合金中稀土元素Y,La,Pr,Sm,Ce,Gd和Nd的研究.研究样品的溶解,待测稀土元素分析谱线的选择,钛合金基体及共存元素对稀土元素测量的影响等,确定了待测稀土元素的分析线,校准曲线采用基体匹配消除基体效应的影响,对仪器测量条件进行优化.进行了加入回收实验.精密度和准确度结果表明:本方法快速、准确,可以满足钛合金中的稀土元素的测定要求,RSD<4%,回收率98%～105%.     

利用试验设计法建立翼型气动特性的人工神经网络模型

建立了翼型气动特性预测的BP(Back Propagation)神经网络模型,重点研究了3种选取训练样本的试验设计(DOE)法:完全析因法、正交设计法和均匀设计法,对BP神经网络预测精度的影响,利用所建立的BP神经网络对FX63-137翼型几何型线进行了优化设计。研究结果表明:在因素数和水平数较少时,完全析因法、正交设计法及均匀设计法的平均测试误差分别为0.002%、0.029%、0.023%;在因素和水平数较多时,完全析因法的样本规模太大而不再适合,正交设计法和均匀设计法的平均测试误差分别为0.42%和0.15%,均匀设计法的预测精度更高,更适合于翼型气动特性预测的人工神经网络模型。优化后翼型的升阻比在迎角为0°~18°范围内均高于原始翼型,在迎角为1°、4°和15°时升阻比分别提高了4.38%、1.38%和5.51%。该研究方法及成果可以应用于翼型的多参数优化设计。     

Y-12飞机“极曲线法”的试飞研究

Y-12飞机是按美国联邦航空条例第23部(FAR23)和第135部附录A(FAR135APP.A)采用“极曲线法”进行基本性能试飞的。本文介绍了它的基本原理、试飞的实施、极曲线的绘制和性能扩展等.该法的先进性在于试飞周期短、试飞数据准确、可提供成套的性能数据. 该法原理可用于各种型号飞机的基本性能试飞.     

喷射吸滤成型法制备碳纳米纸及其应变/温度传感特性

碳纳米纸可作为应变传感器监测结构应变损伤,同时还可作为温度传感器监测环境温度变化。将多壁碳纳米管单分散后,采用喷射吸滤法制备碳纳米纸,利用场发射扫描电子显微镜和氮气吸附法表征碳纳米纸微观形貌及平均孔径。碳纳米纸的应变传感和温度传感实验表明碳纳米纸对应变灵敏度较高,灵敏度系数分别为10.21(0~39 000με)和524.79(39 000~55 000με);碳纳米纸经退火处理后,升温过程电阻温度系数分别为-6.57%/℃(20~100℃)和-3.25%/℃(100~200℃),降温过程电阻温度系数分别为-5.79%/℃(20~100℃)和-2.88%/℃(100~200℃),具有较好的温度传感可逆性和重复性。     

一种Al-Cu-Li合金的超塑性性能研究

采用金相(OM)及透射电子显微技术(TEM)对一种Al-Cu-Li合金的显微组织进行观察,对于该合金普通热轧板及超塑性预处理后的细晶板材进行高温拉伸试验.结果表明,该合金普通的热轧板经过快速再结晶退火延伸率可达94%～130%的高温塑性变形仍以晶内变形为主.经超塑性预处理的细晶板材当T=490℃,ε=10-3s-1时,延伸率为630%,其中时效24h的样品在较低温度下成形为晶内变形和晶界变形的混合模式,而时效48h的样品则在400～500℃都表现为晶界变形为主的超塑性变形模式.未经过再结晶退火比经过再结晶退火的样品具有更高的超塑性.     

烟草丛顶病毒ORF3的克隆及原核表达

利用RT-PCR方法,自烟草丛顶病毒(Tobacco bush top virus,TBTV)龙陵分离物(TBTV-YLLi)的RNA中扩增出ORF3目的片段,并克隆到pMD18-T载体上进行序列分析.结果表明,TBTV-YLLi的ORF3全长714 bp,与TBTV其他分离物的核苷酸相似性和氨基酸相似性分别为98.3%～98.6%和95.4%～95.8%;与同属的花生丛簇病毒(Groundnut rosette virus,GRV)、豌豆耳突花叶病毒2号(Pea enation mosaic virus-2,PEMV-2)和胡萝卜拟斑驳病毒(Carrot mottle mimic virus,CMoMV)的核苷酸相似性分别为65.1%、61.6%和49.7%,氨基酸相似性分别为36.4%、34.6%和16.5%.将ORF3克隆到原核表达载体pET28a(+)上,获得的重组子pET28-ORF3转化大肠杆菌BL21-plysS,使用终浓度为1.0 mmol/L 的IPTG在37 ℃诱导培养4 h时,该融合蛋白表达量最高.融合蛋白经Ni~(2+)亲和柱层析纯化后,SDS-PAGE 电泳表明,融合蛋白相对分子质量约为35 000,与预计的相对分子质量大小相一致.     

军用航空有机玻璃热分析动力学研究

对某型号军用飞机上航空有机玻璃用热重-差热(TG-DTA)分析仪进行了热分析动力学研究,实验在不同的氧气浓度(5%,10%,15%,21%)和升温速率(15℃/min,30℃/min)条件下进行,用改良的Coats-Redfern法计算出了动力学参数,用Doyle法计算理论失重值。研究发现表观活化能和频率因子都随氧浓度的下降而增加,在升温度速率分别为15℃/min和30℃/min条件下当氧浓度变化时表观活化能分别为100~108kJ/mol和87~92kJ/mol,而频率因子分别为(7~35)10⁶/s和(0.4~1)10⁶/s。计算结果很好的吻合了实验结果。     

多西环素注射液在猪体内的药动学及生物利用度研究

健康猪7头,按拉丁方设计进行单剂量静注多西环素普通注射液、肌注10%和20%多西环素注射液的药动学试验,给药剂量根椐体质量以多西环素计均为 20 mg/kg.以高效液相色谱法测定血药浓度,血药浓度-时间数据用WinNonlin计算机程序分析处理.猪静注多西环素注射液的主要药物动力学参数:药时曲线下面积(AUC)为(141.76±20.38) mg·h·L-1,体清除率(Cl)为(0.14±0.02) L·kg-1·h-1,表观分布容积(Vss)为(1.36±0.17) L·kg-1,消除半衰期(t1/2β)为(9.44±2.60) h;肌注10%和20%多西环素注射液的主要药物动力学参数分别为:AUC为(75.74±21.22)和(90.86±12.11) mg·h·L-1,达峰时间(tmax)为(1.05±0.24)和(1.30±0.30) h,峰浓度(Cmax)为(2.55±0.65) 和(2.28±0.26) μg·mL-1,t1/2β为(32.74±8.66)和(58.36±7.33) h,生物利用度(F)为(52.42±8.97)%和(64.49±6.22)%.结果表明10%和20%多西环素注射液肌注后吸收较快,消除缓慢,消除半衰期延长,给药后72 h仍能达到对常见病原菌的有效血药浓度.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.