表达鸡传染性支气管病毒S1蛋白的重组假型杆状病毒的构建

根据鸡传染性支气管炎病毒M41株的基因序列(GenBank:AY851295.1),设计特异性引物,利用 RT-PCR方法扩增其 S1基因,并将扩增产物克隆到杆状病毒转移质粒pFast-VSV-G-CMV中,获得重组质粒pFast-VSV-G-CMV-S1,进一步将该重组质粒转化到DH10Bac感受态细胞中,得到重组穿梭载体Bacmid-CMV-S1,再利用脂质体转染sf9昆虫细胞,获得重组杆状病毒Ac-V-S1.间接免疫荧光试验表明,该重组杆状病毒可以转导哺乳动物细胞并表达S1蛋白.     

对不同表达系统的猪圆环病毒2型Rep蛋白的电泳特性分析

利用特异性引物从圆环病毒2型(PCV2)毒株克隆出Rep基因,并将其插入到原核表达载体pET28a和杆状病毒转移载体pFastbacHT(B)上,利用大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)株原核系统以及Bac-to-Bac杆状病毒系统表达Rep蛋白.Western-blotting表明,原核和真核表达系统均能表达出圆环病毒2型Rep蛋白,电泳分析表明,不同系统表达得到的Rep蛋白有不同的电泳特性,揭示Rep蛋白存在翻译后修饰.     

不带稳定翼飞船返回舱俯仰动稳定性研究

联盟号飞船返回舱,如果不存在稳定翼,从高超声速到低Mach数时,力矩曲线有由一个平衡迎角(α1),经二个(a1、α'2)到三个(α1、α2、α3)平衡迎角的情况出现.当有一个平衡迎角时,可能有一临界Mach数Mcr,当M∞＞Mcr时,平衡迎角处是动稳定的;M∞＜Mcr,变为动不稳定的,同时出现极限环.也可能不存在这个Mcr,这时随Mach数降低到M∞=M'cr,即2个平衡迎角的情况,在力矩曲线与α轴相切的平衡点α'2,会出现鞍、结点分叉.M∞＜M'cr后,对于存在三个平衡点的情况,在α和α的相图上,它是结点-鞍点-结点的结构.当α1处是稳定结点形态时,只有在很小的扰动情况下,它才能返回α1的状态.如果α1为不稳定结点状态,在α1附近,微小的扰动,使迎角由α1迅速变成α3或者更大.这是混沌的先兆.     

烟草丛顶病毒ORF3的克隆及原核表达

利用RT-PCR方法,自烟草丛顶病毒(Tobacco bush top virus,TBTV)龙陵分离物(TBTV-YLLi)的RNA中扩增出ORF3目的片段,并克隆到pMD18-T载体上进行序列分析.结果表明,TBTV-YLLi的ORF3全长714 bp,与TBTV其他分离物的核苷酸相似性和氨基酸相似性分别为98.3%～98.6%和95.4%～95.8%;与同属的花生丛簇病毒(Groundnut rosette virus,GRV)、豌豆耳突花叶病毒2号(Pea enation mosaic virus-2,PEMV-2)和胡萝卜拟斑驳病毒(Carrot mottle mimic virus,CMoMV)的核苷酸相似性分别为65.1%、61.6%和49.7%,氨基酸相似性分别为36.4%、34.6%和16.5%.将ORF3克隆到原核表达载体pET28a(+)上,获得的重组子pET28-ORF3转化大肠杆菌BL21-plysS,使用终浓度为1.0 mmol/L 的IPTG在37 ℃诱导培养4 h时,该融合蛋白表达量最高.融合蛋白经Ni~(2+)亲和柱层析纯化后,SDS-PAGE 电泳表明,融合蛋白相对分子质量约为35 000,与预计的相对分子质量大小相一致.     

CAR-T细胞免疫疗法在胃癌治疗的研究进展

胃癌(Gastric Cancer, GC)是世界上死亡率第三的恶性肿瘤,传统方法治疗效果欠佳。研究表明,嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞(Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell,CAR-T)免疫疗法是很有前景的治疗方法,利用基因工程方法改造 T 细胞靶向肿瘤抗原可以促进 T 细胞的抗肿瘤活性。因此,找寻在肿瘤细胞高表达、在正常细胞低表达或不表达的特异性抗原是提高 CAR-T 疗法的主要因素。本文介绍了在胃癌中比较重要的 CAR-T 治疗靶点,目前已经开展临床研究的靶点主要有： NKG2D, EpCAM, CLDN, MSLN, FOLR1, HER2, MUC1 等,虽然这些靶点已经取得了一些研究成果,但远远不够,新的 CAR-T 治疗靶点是目前研究的热点。     

富氮高能物质BTATz的热分解动力学和分解机理

为获得富氮高能物质3,6-双(1氢-1,2,3,4-四唑-5-氨基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪(BTATz)的热分解动力学参数、热分解机理函数、气相和凝聚相变化,为建立燃烧过程数学模型提供关键性热化学、热力学和化学动力学参数,通过热重(TG)、差示扫描量热(DSC)和气体(固体)原位反应池/快速扫描傅里叶变换红外光谱(RSFTIR)联用技术,研究了BTATz的热分解。实验结果显示BTATz的热分解过程对压强不敏感。基于Ozawa,Kissinger和Coats-Redfern方法,计算获得了BTATz的热分解动力学参数和方程。Kissinger法求得的活化能Ea和指前因子lgA分别为317.41 kJ.mol-1和28.07s-1。热分解反应机理服从n=1.5的Avrami-Erofeev方程,其热分解反应的动力学方程为dαdt=1.5×1028.07exp(-3.8178×104/T)(1-α)[-1n(1-α)]1/3。分析提出了BTATz的热分解机理,BTATz的热分解是从四嗪和四唑环的开环断裂开始的,分解产物又发生二次反应,465℃热分解凝聚相产物为NH4N3,聚胺和嘧嘞胺。     

非等温DSC 研究低共熔点芳胺/ 环氧E44 固化动力学

采用非等温DSC法对低共熔点芳胺固化剂/环氧E44体系进行了固化动力学研究,通过Kissinger、Ozawa和Crane方法获得了该体系固化动力学参数:表观活化能E=49.2 kJ/mol,固化反应级数n=0.95,频率因子A=2.60×105s-1.固化动力学方程可表示为:((dα)/(dt))=2.60×105(1-α)0.95exp(-(49200/RT)).初步确定了该体系固化工艺条件为50℃/2 h、140℃/2 h、200℃后处理2h.填料B4C加入量对该体系固化过程的DSC曲线几乎无影响.     

聚三唑树脂的固化动力学模型

运用分段拟合法所得的固化动力学模型描述了一种新型聚三唑树脂的固化行为。研究表明,该树 脂体系在固化前期符合自催化模型,模型为dα dt =3. 78×1016exp(-10200/ T)α0. 653(1-α)2. 015;在固化后期符合n 级固 化模型,模型为dα dt =3. 34×1016exp(-10200/ T)(1-α)0. 927。聚三唑树脂的固化工艺为:RT→80℃→120℃→150℃。     

RFI用环氧树脂固化动力学研究

用DSC研究了RFI工艺用环氧树脂的固化过程,研究表明：该固化反应较复杂,其反应动力学方程为dα/dt=2.27×10^4exp（-4764.65/T）（1-α）^0.861.为RFI用环氧树脂固化工艺的确定提供了理论依据.     

钛合金薄板激光焊接头的疲劳性能

对BT20钛合金薄板激光焊接头的疲劳性能进行了试验研究,测试了不同应力水平下的疲劳寿命,获得了BT20钛合金薄板母材、激光焊接头和活性激光焊接头的中值疲劳寿命,并获得了激光焊接头99%可靠度和95%置信度水平上的安全疲劳寿命,分析了激光焊和活性激光焊方法对接头疲劳寿命的影响.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

高超声速边界层的转捩及预测

首先描述了边界层转捩的基本过程及研究内容。在此基础上,指出了高超声速边界层不同于不可压缩边界层的流动不稳定性特性,并介绍了边界层的转捩机理与感受性特征;给出了高超声速三维边界层中预测转捩的常用方法,并着重介绍了多用于工程实际的e N方法以及对e N方法的理性改进,同时列举了在高超声速三维边界层中应用e N方法实现转捩预测的多个实例。最后,分析并总结了高超声速边界层转捩预测所存在的困难及需要解决的问题。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.