LED 光质对紫背天葵挥发油和酚类成分积累的影响

为了探索促进紫背天葵在受控环境中更好地积累生物活性成分的有效光质条件,采用3种LED光源（ R60B30G10/60％红光＋30％蓝光＋10％绿光,R70B20G10/70％红光＋20％蓝光＋10％绿光,R60B20G20/60％红光＋20％蓝光＋20％绿光）研究了光质条件对紫背天葵次级代谢物（挥发油和酚类）的影响。结果表明：与R70B20G10光质相比,R60B20G20光质显著增加了萜烯类物质（α,β-石竹烯）的积累,降低了醛类成分（绿叶挥发物）在香气物质中的比例,而R60B30G10与此结果相反;与其它光质相比,R60B30G10光质增加了总花色苷和总黄酮的含量,而在R70B20G10和R60B2OG20光质条件下这些物质的含量没有显著差异;与其它光质相比,R70B20G10光质增加了β-胡萝卜素积累和植物叶片提取物的抗氧化活性（DPPH）,而R60B20G20光质则显著降低了β-胡萝卜素的含量。因此,R70B20G10为适合于紫背天葵积累更多有用次级代谢产物及提高其营养和药用价值的光质条件。     

基于SPSS对部件故障率的预测

提出一种优化的航材需求预测方法,利用汽车维修的数据,根据已知数据、数据分布和问题的不同,分别建立了fh1(x)=ah1+bh1x,fh2(x)=ah2x1/2+bh2,gx(x)=1/a2+bkx这3种模型(其中a,b为参数).对于fh1(x)采用线性回归,fh2(x),gk(x)采用非线性回归进行拟合;当数据拟合曲线误差较大时,采用精度加权值的方法来进行拟合,模型为h(x,y)=rhfh(x)+(1-rh)gk(y),其中rh=R2h/(R2h+R2k),且对所有参数进行了F检验.     

沥青基碳纤维热导率的间接法测量

文摘采用"四探针法"测定6种沥青基碳纤维单丝的轴向电阻率,通过3个经验公式计算得到其热导率,再将计算值与厂商公布值进行对比分析。结果表明:对于热导率600或300 W/(m·K)的碳纤维采用公式λ=1261/ρ计算得到的热导率值与厂商公布值最为吻合,而对于热导率在300~600 W/(m·K)的碳纤维采用公式λ=440 000/(100ρ+258)-295计算得到的热导率值与厂商公布值最为吻合。以此测试值为基础,建立了沥青基碳纤维单丝电阻率与其热导率的函数关系λ=152 740/(100ρ+22)-26,具有更强的普适性。     

新、老大豆品种冠层产量和光合作用的比较

对10个新、老大豆品种冠层产量和光合作用的研究表明,新品种的产量显著高于老品种(P<0.01),新品种产量主要集中在冠层的中上部,而老品种的产量则以冠层中部最大,冠层上部、下部产量较低且相差不大.新品种植株叶面积和叶面积指数高于老品种,但差异不显著.新品种叶片的光合速率高于老品种,同时,新品种冠层不同部位叶片光合速率差异较小,老品种冠层不同部位叶片光合差异较大,特别是下层叶片净光合速率下降较大;由于新品种的叶面积指数和单位叶面积的净光合速率高于老品种,新品种的光合能力显著高于老品种,特别是冠层下部的光合能力得到了显著改善.     

R141b在圆形微通道内的沸腾换热实验研究

为提高换热强度、解决设备内部高热流密度散热问题,采用实验方法研究R141b在不同直径(D=0.5mm和1.0mm)水平圆形微通道内的沸腾换热特性,分析了热流密度(q=2.0kW/m~2～47.6kW/m~2)、质量干度(x=0～0.6)、质量流速(G=111.11kg/(m~2·s)～333.33kg/(m~2·s))的变化对平均传热系数h的影响,探究不同情况下影响沸腾换热的主导因素。实验研究表明:平均传热系数h随热流密度q的增加而减小,在不同范围内减小速率有明显差异;热流密度q=2kW/m~2～5kW/m~2时质量流速G对平均传热系数h影响较明显,热流密度较高时质量流速G对换热影响很小;在质量流速G=111.11kg/(m~2·s)～333.33kg/(m~2·s),质量干度x0.3时,平均传热系数h随质量干度x增加而明显下降,在设计微通道换热器时应尽量使R141b处于初始沸腾阶段以获得更好换热效果,并采取一定措施预防干度过高引起的换热恶化。     

冰灾对车八岭山地常绿阔叶林区系和群落的影响

研究了2008年年初南方冰雪冻雨灾害对车八岭常绿阔叶林不同区系的冠层植被所造成的影响.结果显示,研究样地内温带分布的乔木受损比例高于热带分布的乔木受损比例.X~2检验说明不同区系间的冠层乔木个体受损比例差异显著(P<0.01);东亚分布及其变型受损个体比例最小,热带亚洲至热带非洲分布及变型、东亚和北美间断分布及其变型、热带亚洲分布及其变型受损个体比例较大.冠层乔木都以重度受损为主,中度受损和轻度受损个体数都远小于前者.CCA多元分析显示,株数密度、平均胸高断面积、坡度、海拔各自对不同物种的受损乔木的分布有显著影响(Monte Carlo test,P=0.010 0).优势种米槠Castanopsis carlesii受损植株的分布与群落的平均胸高断面积显著正相关;亚优势种栲Castanopsis fargesii、鸭公青Neolitsea chuii、尾尖叶柃Eurya acuminata受损植株的分布与坡度显著负相关;亚优势种荷木Schima superb与海拔显著正相关.总之,在相同的生境中能够占据林冠优势层的区系类型往往受灾更严重.     

复合材料层板脱层开裂的复合型断裂准则

1.问题的提出 层板脱层是复合材料主要破坏模式之一;Wang等人认为基本上是断裂问题。一般均假定复合材料层板脱层开裂是基体控制的,在复合型开裂作用下的能量释放率G为各个单一型开裂作用下的能量释放率G_Ⅰ、G_Ⅱ和G_Ⅲ的代数和 G=G_Ⅰ+G_Ⅱ+G_Ⅲ (1)从下列的研究结果可看出上式有一定的不合理性。     

M40-T300／BADCy混杂复合材料的研究

利用单向铺层模压工艺制备了M40-T300/BADCy单向层内和层间混杂复合材料,研究了混杂方式、混杂比及铺层顺序对混杂复合材料的拉伸性能、弯曲性能及层间剪切性能的影响规律.结果发现,层内混杂复合材料的性能介于两种单一复合材料之间,T300纤维含量越高,强度越大,M40纤维含量越高,则模量越大.以T300纤维为芯层,M40纤维为外层的层间混杂复合材料([(M40)1/(T300)3]s)具有与M40/BADCy复合材料相近的弯曲模量及与T300/BADCy复合材料相近的层间剪切强度,适合作为航天飞行器结构材料使用.     

苜蓿内生菌中高效AHL降解菌的筛选和鉴定

从中国新疆、内蒙古和墨西哥等地分离苜蓿内生菌133株,平板筛选到8株细菌具有N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯(N-Acyl-L-homoserinelactone,AHL)降解活性,其中活性较强的菌株有r-12、r-9和R1.5.对8株AHL降解菌做AHL唯一碳源试验,结果发现菌株S35和N46在液体AHL唯一碳源培养基中生长情况较好,D_(600 nm)分别为0.415和0.386,菌株r-9的生长情况最差,D_(600 nm)为0.015.菌株R1.5还具有耐高温、耐盐碱、能分解无机磷、在无氮培养基上生长等优点.经细菌形态学观察、生理生化试验以及16S rDNA序列分析,初步确定菌株R1.5为1株地衣芽孢杆菌.     

Laplacian谱半径和阶数相等的c圈图

设G是1个无向的简单图,ν表示G的阶数,m_G(ν)表示ν作为G的Laplacian矩阵的特征值的重数.得到了Laplacian谱半径等于阶数的所有c圈图,研究了c与m_G(ν)之间的关系.给出了当G是森林、单圈图、双圈图、三圈图、四圈图时m_G(ν)的取值范围,并确定了m_G(ν)(≥1)在该取值范围内取不同值时的所有图.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.