Application of stress wave theory for pyroshock isolation at spacecraft-rocket interface

A large number of pyroshock devices are employed in spacecraft and rockets to realize stage separation and appendage deployment. Release of pyroshock devices induces high-level transient shock responses which tend to cause fatal damages in electronic equipment made of crystals and brittle materials. This paper aims to provide methods to isolate pyroshock and guarantee the safety of such equipment against high-frequency shocks. Firstly, stress wave transmission mechanism in stepped rods is investigated, upon which optimal area rate for shock isolation is achieved. Then, two spacecraft-rocket interface structures for pyroshock isolation, namely isolation hole and interim segment, are proposed. Both numerical simulations and experiments are carried out to validate the two shock isolation strategies. It is revealed that the interim segment structure shows better pyroshock isolation performance at the cost of increasing the weight of launching system whereas isolation hole is an optimal choice to reduce pyroshock response without causing weight increase.     

磁悬浮轴承转子系统动态特性的实验研究

通过激振实验获得磁悬浮轴承转子系统的动态特性参数,并与实际运行状态进行比较。结果表明,激振实验能够获得系统在高速旋转状态下的稳定性、临界转速及其与控制参数间的关系。另一方面,激振实验结果表明,某些临界转速值对控制参数的灵敏度很小,无法通过改变控制参数,改变这些临界转速值。      

舰载捷联惯导数字仿真器的设计与研究

针对舰载惯导系统在边界工作条件尤其是极地地区性能评估存在实时输出数据难度大的问题,以舰艇的运动特性为依据,建立舰艇的运动学模型和惯性器件的数学模型,设计了一种舰载捷联惯导系统数字仿真器,实现了在不同的航行状态、不同的海况条件,以及不同的惯性器件精度条件下惯导系统的实时仿真,仿真输出的数据在虚拟多功能显示器以文字和曲线的形式显示。结果表明,该仿真器能灵活的模拟各种导航参数,有助于突破舰载导航系统性能评估受试验海域和试验载体等因素限制的局限性,可以为研究边界工作条件下惯导系统性能提供试验依据。     

串联式TBCC进气道模态转换模拟器设计及其特性分析

为了实现涡轮基组合循环（TBCC）推进系统平稳模态转换过程的模拟,在前期风洞试验研究的基础上对串联式TBCC进气道模态转换模拟器进行重新设计。采用线性化及非对称的思路对该模拟器进行设计并对其特性展开数值仿真研究。结果表明：该模拟器不仅需要模拟发动机工况改变引起的背压变化,而且能通过流通截面面积线性变化,实现两个通道的流量分配。该装置的特点是能保证模态转换过程中每一点的涡轮/冲压通道的总堵塞比不变,使本文所研究的进气道在总堵塞比保持为65%时进行模态转换,结尾激波基本维持在喉道等直段内且进气道出口马赫数基本维持在0.30,流量系数基本为0.45,涡轮/冲压通道流量呈线性变化,与预期目标一致。     

武器外挂模拟器的设计及实现

分析了武器外挂模拟器在航电试验中的必要性;利用工业计算机、接口卡和软件设计技术实现不同类型及数量的导弹、炸弹、火箭弹、航炮等武器接口及发控逻辑的模拟,为外挂武器系统软件投放控制试验提供了一种试验手段.     

惯导系统两类冲击环境条件之间的等效转换

GJB150A采用冲击响应谱的形式来描述复杂冲击环境条件,有助于提升惯导系统等航天电子设备地面试验的真实性。但冲击响应谱试验结果的较大差异性也给产品研制过程中的试验研究带来很大困扰。为了解决试验真实性与试验结果较大差异性之间的矛盾,提出了一种将复杂冲击条件转换为经典冲击条件的等效方法,用经典冲击波形等效冲击响应谱,给出了等效转换的基本准则,基于数值试验结果导出了等效转换公式。经试验验证,按照该方法转换得到的经典波形冲击试验结果接近多次冲击响应谱冲击试验结果的平均水平,表明该方法有效。     

聚能爆破切割清理弹射通道技术

 考虑到飞机隐身等因素,飞机驾驶舱顶部为金属结构而不是传统的座舱盖结构,在弹射救生过程中,采用聚能爆破切割技术,切割金属结构形成"座舱盖"并抛放以清理弹射通道,且已在B-1B、B2飞机上采用。利用座舱顶部金属结构平板件,对聚能切割器装药量、切割厚度,切割过程冲击噪声对飞行员的影响、爆破飞溅物对飞行员的损伤防护等进行了分析和试验研究,并将冲击噪声对飞行员的影响与国军标的要求进行了对比。通过本次研究,将为以后的工程应用提供基础性依据。     

飞行模拟器建模、验模和性能测试与评估

仿真模型的精确度及仿真结果的置信度是飞行仿真系统研制中的关键和成功用于工程研究、人员培训的前提。主要介绍飞行模拟器仿真数学模型的特点,层次化、模快化建模方法,模型验证和性能测试与评估软件系统。     

整体叶盘结构强度减振一体化设计方法

基于软件ANSYS,建立了整体叶盘参数化模型.结合轮盘强度设计应力标准,借助ANSYS优化模块,获得了满足强度要求的最轻整体叶盘模型.分析了整体叶盘的振动特性,研究了轮盘和叶型参数调整对整体叶盘固有频率的影响.在此基础上,研究了通过改变缘板厚度、罩量及叶型厚度等参数使整体叶盘避开低阶激振的结构设计方法.研究结果表明:对于鼓筒约束的整体叶盘,轮盘参数调整可提高整体叶盘低阶耦合振动频率与4E激振频率在最大转速的裕度为2.2%,而叶型参数调整对此裕度的影响可达8%.最终获得的整体叶盘模型在1阶振动避开5E以下激振,并与4E激振频率在最大转速的裕度达10.8%的基础上达到质量最轻,因避频质量增加4.77%,说明整体叶盘结构强度减振一体化设计方法是可行的.      

Experimental investigation on dynamic response of flat blades with underplatform dampers

One test rig with three blades and two Under-Platform Dampers (UPDs) is established to better understand the dynamical behavior of blades with UPDs. A pre-loaded spring is used to simulate the centrifugal load acting on the damper, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the pressing load. UPDs with different forms, sizes and materials are carefully designed as experimental control groups. Noncontact measurement via a laser Doppler velocimeter is employed and contact excitation which is performed by an electromagnetic exciter is adopted to directly obtain the magnitude of the excitation load by a force sensor mounted on the excitation rod. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the contact status of the contact surfaces, e.g. the pressure-sensitive paper is used to measure the effective contact area of the UPDs. The experimental variables are selected as the centrifugal force, the amplitude of the excitation force, the damper mass, the effective contact area, and the damper material. The Frequency Response Function (FRF) of the blade under different experimental parameters is obtained by slow frequency sweep under sinusoidal excitation to study the influence of each parameter on the dynamic characteristics of the blade and the mechanism analysis is carried out combined with the experimental results.     

一种基于鲸鱼优化算法的飞行动作识别规则提取方法

针对飞行动作识别规则提取,传统智能优化算法存在调节参数多、易陷入局部极值等问题,介绍了一种新型仿生智能算法:鲸鱼优化算法。利用该算法参数简单,快速收敛性和全局优化的优点对符号化的飞行参数规则属性进行组合寻优,计算出相应的飞行动作识别规则。经过测试函数及仿真实例表明,鲸鱼优化算法寻优精度高于传统智能优化算法PSO,提取的规则相比BPSO方法更简洁、有效。     

轴流压气机特性计算及激波模型研究

为快速准确预估轴流压气机特性和激波损失,基于轴流压气机S2流面流线曲率法,分别采用正激波模型和改进的双激波模型,对某型2级跨声速风扇特性进行数值模拟计算,得到了100%设计转速近设计点与99.76%设计转速近堵塞点的总体性能和气动参数,以及95%、100%和110%设计转速的特性曲线。通过将计算结果与试验数据进行对比,分析研究了各激波损失模型在激波损失预估和风扇/压气机特性计算方面的差异。分析结果表明:在跨声速风扇/压气机近设计点激波损失和特性参数的计算中,正激波模型损失径向分布计算结果接近试验值,总压比和总效率计算值分别较试验值约低1.96%和2.54%,模型能够满足工程需要。而在近堵塞点,改进的双激波模型总损失计算值更接近试验值,总压比计算值和试验值很吻合,总效率计算值比试验值约高7.28%。改进双激波模型的不同转速线效率特性曲线也明显更接近试验值,模型能够较准确地预测远离设计点激波损失和特性参数。     

捷联惯性测量组合双位置射前标定方法研究

从理论上探讨了捷联惯性测量组合射前标定方法,以挠性陀螺捷联惯性测量组合为主要研究对象,根据导弹临发射前的特点,提出了一种双位置射前标定方法。该方法充分利用导弹发射前的信息,合理选择标定位置,对影响导弹命中精度大的不稳定误差参数进行标定。理论分析和实验结果表明,该方法可以对捷联惯性测量组合主要误差参数进行射前标定,从而提高捷联惯性测量组合的使用精度,放宽其稳定性要求。     

Oblique shock train motion based on schlieren image processing

In this paper, shock train motion in a Mach number 2.7 duct is studied experimentally, and large numbers of schlieren images are obtained by a high-speed camera. An image processing method based on Maximum Correlation Detection (MCD) is proposed to detect shock train motion from the schlieren images, based on which the key structures, e.g., separation positions and separation shock angles on the top and bottom walls, can be analysed in detail. The oscillations of the shock train are generated by rhombus and ellipse shafts at various excitation frequencies. According to the analysis of MCD results, the distributions of the frequency components of shock train oscillation generated by the two shafts are distinctly different, in which the motion generated by the ellipse shaft is much smoother; shock train motion is mainly characterized by the oscillation of separation position while the separation shock strength is not so sensitive to downstream disturbance; there is a hysteresis loop relation between the downstream pressure and separation position.     

变截面悬臂梁结构动载荷辨识方法

在航空航天领域，作用在结构上动载荷的确定对结构健康监测是非常必要和重要的。为此，本文以类似机翼结构的变截面悬臂梁结构为研究对象，提出了一种基于光纤光栅传感器与卡尔曼滤波器的动载荷识别方法。首先，根据变截面梁单元形式，推导出变截面梁的质量矩阵与刚度矩阵，建立动力学运动方程。然后，以光纤光栅传感器测得的应变信息作为观测信号，通过卡尔曼滤波器生成的增益矩阵、新息序列矩阵以及协方差矩阵，得到灵敏度矩阵和估计力的增益矩阵。在此基础上，利用广义回归模型及其最小二乘算法，估算出动载荷大小、判断出动载荷激励位置。借助数值仿真与实验手段，分别验证了该方法对于单点正弦激励、方波激励、锯齿波激励以及多点同时激励等工况下的动载荷识别效果。结果表明，本文所提算法具有较好的动载荷识别效果和噪声抑制能力，能够为未来风洞试验和真实飞行试验环境中诸如大展弦比机翼表面气动压力等载荷实时辨识、气动外形自适应控制以及结构健康监测提供技术支撑。     

Development process of muzzle flows including a gun-launched missile

Numerical investigations on the launch process of a gun-launched missile from the muzzle of a cannon to the free-flight stage have been performed in this paper. The dynamic overlapped grids approach are applied to dealing with the problems of a moving gun-launched missile. The high-resolution upwind scheme(AUSMPW+) and the detailed reaction kinetics model are adopted to solve the chemical non-equilibrium Euler equations for dynamic grids. The development process and flow field structure of muzzle flows including a gun-launched missile are discussed in detail.This present numerical study confirms that complicated transient phenomena exist in the shortly launching stages when the gun-launched missile moves from the muzzle of a cannon to the freeflight stage. The propellant gas flows, the initial environmental ambient air flows and the moving missile mutually couple and interact. A complete structure of flow field is formed at the launching stages, including the blast wave, base shock, reflected shock, incident shock, shear layer, primary vortex ring and triple point.     

副翼刚度模拟器优化设计与分析

副翼刚度模拟器是对副翼作动器的支撑刚度进行参数模拟的装置,是航空地面载荷试验中的关键器件,研究副翼刚度模拟器的刚度随位置的变化规律有利于其设计和应用,具有重要的工程价值。建立力学模型,提出刚度折减系数,探讨刚度模拟器的刚度特性;进行模拟器刚度仿真,并通过刚度测试试验验证力学模型和仿真的正确性;以目标刚度对距离的敏感性对...     

MODAL PARAMETERS EXTRACTION WITH CROSS CORRELATION FUNCTION AND CROSS POWER SPECTRUM UNDER UNKNOWN EXCITATION

Artificial excitation is the most employedtype,but it is not suitable for some large- scalestructures such as platforms,bridges and build-ings,because a sufficient amount of excitation en-ergy can be needed to vibrate these structures,andthat impliesthe dangerofdamaging them locally orglobally.So natural excitation ( such as wind,wave,and traffic excitation) can be used in thesecases.However,a measure of the input force be-ing applied to the systems is not available and onlythe response can be…     

可实时重构的国际C站卫星模拟器

我国自行研制的国际标准C频段统一测控系统,配置了功能齐全的卫星模拟器,但其一星一模拟器的方式已不能适应当前多星管理和未来星座管理的需要。本文旨在探讨利用现有的微波宽带器件技术和软件无线电技术,用一套硬件系统,根据需要实时重构成所需卫星的模拟器,达到多星共用一套模拟器,实现小型化、实时性的目的。     

一种进气道流场畸变模拟装置的研究

提出了一种用于进/发匹配的畸变模拟板与紊流发生环组合畸变模拟技术,根据该技术所设计的畸变模拟装置由可调节角度的模拟板以及可换装的紊流环组成,轴向长度仅等于通道截面一倍当量直径。通过实验研究得到了可调畸变模拟板与可换紊流发生环的几何设计参数及其组合状态下的气动性能变化规律,为该组合模拟技术的进一步运用打下了基础。