A new structural reliability index based on uncertainty theory

The classical probabilistic reliability theory and fuzzy reliability theory cannot directly measure the uncertainty of structural reliability with uncertain variables,i.e.,subjective random and fuzzy variables.In order to simultaneously satisfy the duality of randomness and subadditivity of fuzziness in the reliability problem,a new quantification method for the reliability of structures is presented based on uncertainty theory,and an uncertainty-theory-based perspective of classical Cornell reliability index is explored.In this paper,by introducing the uncertainty theory,we adopt the uncertain measure to quantify the reliability of structures for the subjective probability or fuzzy variables,instead of probabilistic and possibilistic measures.We utilize uncertain variables to uniformly represent the subjective random and fuzzy parameters,based on which we derive solutions to analyze the uncertainty reliability of structures with uncertainty distributions.Moreover,we propose the Cornell uncertainty reliability index based on the uncertain expected value and variance.Experimental results on three numerical applications demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.     

截断分布下广义失效概率的可靠性分析方法

提出基于随机变量为截断分布和失效域模糊下的结构可靠性分析方法。由于常规的可靠性分析方法不能直接用于截断分布情况下广义失效概率的计算,因此,先将截断分布情况下的可靠性分析模型转化为非截断分布情况下的多模式并联系统模型,在此基础上引入模糊失效域的隶属函数,将截断分布情况下的模糊可靠性分析问题转化为一般的随机可靠性问题,利用Monte Carlo法和重要抽样法求得广义失效概率。给出了方法的实现步骤和原理,并用不同算例验证了方法的合理性与可行性。     

考虑状态与基本变量随机模糊性的广义响应面可靠性分析

针对复杂结构、机构可靠性分析中的隐式极限状态方程,建立了可以同时考虑基本变量和失效一安全状态随机模糊双重不确定性因素的广义响应面可靠性分析方法。该方法采用模糊基本变量的等效随机化变换,在不改变基本变量模糊分布的情况下,建立了基于有限元分析的复杂结构、机构多个随机一模糊基本变量情况下的广义响应面法,利用广义响应面函数和模糊随机事件概率的计算公式,定义了复杂结构、机构广义失效概率的计算公式,并给出了多个模式情况下体系同时考虑状态和基本变量随机模糊性的广义失效概率计算公式。在弹性连杆机构强度刚度多模式广义可靠性分析的应用算例说明了所提方法的合理性。     

航空发动机叶盘结构应力和变形的概率分析

为了更准确地描述航空发动机叶盘结构的变形以及控制的合理性,提出了1种高效、高精度的概率分析方法,即极值响应面法(ERSM,Extremum Response Surface Method),在分析中考虑了典型载荷(如热载荷和离心载荷)的动态性和边界条件的非线性等因素,合理地选取输入变量且考虑了参数的随机性和不确定性等,通过确定性分析得到叶盘结构的总变形和应力分布随时间的变化规律,同时找到其变形最大点作为概率分析的输入目标。通过科学合理的概率分析,不仅获得了其可靠度、拟合样本、样本直方图、极值响应面和累计概率分布函数并且对其应力分布和总变形进行灵敏度分析,得到了叶盘结构变形和应力分布的主要影响因素,同时给出了应力与总变形的相关性。最后,将ERSM与Response Surface Method(RSM)和Monte Carlo(MC)法进行比较分析,验证了ERSM在航空发动机叶盘结构分析中的有效性。     

模糊随机可靠性综合方法在涡轮盘可靠性分析中的应用

提出了模糊随机可靠性分析的近似解析和数字模拟综合方法,基于模糊变量的等价随机化变换,可以方便地得到模糊随机失效概率的计算公式,并建立了模糊随机可靠性分析的一次二阶矩法。定义了同时考虑基本变量和状态都含有模糊随机双重不确定性的可靠度指标,探讨了多个模式情况下模糊随机可靠性分析方法。所提出的方法被用于发动机涡轮盘的应力、应变和低周疲劳寿命模糊随机可靠性分析,证明了该方法是可行的。     

ABCLS method for high-reliability aerospace mechanism with truncated random uncertainties

The random variables are always truncated in aerospace engineering and the truncated distribution is more feasible and effective for the random variables due to the limited samples available.For high-reliability aerospace mechanism with truncated random variables, a method based on artificial bee colony(ABC) algorithm and line sampling(LS) is proposed.The artificial bee colony-based line sampling(ABCLS) method presents a multi-constrained optimization model to solve the potential non-convergence problem when calculating design point(is also as most probable point, MPP) of performance function with truncated variables; by implementing ABC algorithm to search for MPP in the standard normal space, the optimization efficiency and global searching ability are increased with this method dramatically.When calculating the reliability of aerospace mechanism with too small failure probability, the Monte Carlo simulation method needs too large sample size.The ABCLS method could overcome this drawback.For reliability problems with implicit functions, this paper combines the ABCLS with Kriging response surface method,therefore could alleviate computational burden of calculating the reliability of complex aerospace mechanism.A numerical example and an engineering example are carried out to verify this method and prove the applicability.     

Sealing reliability modeling of aviation seal based on interval uncertainty method and multidimensional response surface

Many variables affect the sealing performance, and their distribution characteristics are difficult to obtain with probabilistic methods owing to the high cost involved. Numerous problems in engineering are similar due to the appearance of small-sample parameters. In this study, the sealing reliability of an aviation seal was defined as the research object, and an interval uncertainty method and multidimensional response surface were proposed to calculate the sealing reliability.Based on this, we first analyzed the failure mechanism of the aviation seal and established a leakage rate model. Then, based on the non-probabilistic interval model, an interval uncertainty method was proposed to construct the analytical model. With reference to the limit state equation from the structural reliability theory, the multidimensional response surface was used for fast calculation.Then, we chose the single-cylinder gas steering gear used in aircraft as the case study, its sealing reliability in working and non-working statuses were calculated, and the results were verified with the actual maintenance records. By analyzing the sensitivity of some variables, we can improve the sealing reliability of the aviation seal by improving the surface roughness only if the cost allows.Finally, we consider that the method proposed in this study realizes the application of smallsample uncertainty analysis in reliability analysis, and could provide a feasible way to solve the similar problems in engineering with multidimensional and small-sample parameters.     

模糊随机可靠性灵敏度分析方法

 依据模糊随机可靠性灵敏度的基本概念,提出了模糊随机可靠性灵敏度分析的通用数字模拟法,推导了模糊随机可靠性灵敏度数字模拟解的方差和变异系数的计算公式。当模糊变量的隶属函数为正态型时,可以将模糊随机可靠性灵敏度转化为随机可靠性灵敏度,并利用复合函数求导法则求解模糊随机失效概率对正态型隶属函数分布参数的灵敏度。对于工程中常用的对称三角型隶属函数,提出了两种近似等价正态化变换基础上的模糊随机可靠性灵敏度分析方法,这两种将对称三角型隶属函数近似等价为正态型的方法分别是“3σ规则”法和“最大最小”法。算例结果表明：由于“最大最小”法比“3σ规则”法所得的等价正态隶属函数能在形状上更好地近似对称三角型隶属函数,因而“最大最小”变换法更适用于对称三角型隶属函数情况下模糊随机可靠性灵敏度的近似计算。     

相关变量模糊可靠性灵敏度分析的线抽样方法

 依据失效域具有模糊性时模糊失效概率的定义,提出了相关变量模糊可靠性灵敏度的分析方法。针对线性功能函数、正态基本变量和正态型隶属函数情况,推导了相关变量的模糊可靠性灵敏度计算的解析表达式。对于工程中的一般情况,给出了可靠性灵敏度分析的数字模拟方法。尽管数字模拟法适用范围广,但该方法的效率较低,尤其是针对高维和小失效概率问题。为了解决数字模拟方法效率低的问题,提出了相关变量模糊可靠性灵敏度分析的线抽样方法。通过离散模糊失效概率积分区域,建立了相关变量模糊可靠性灵敏度与离散区域随机可靠性灵敏度的关系,进而可以利用相关变量随机可靠性灵敏度分析的线抽样方法求得模糊可靠性灵敏度。相关变量模糊可靠性灵敏度分析线抽样方法的基本原理、计算公式及实现步骤被详细给出,文中算例充分验证了其精度高、收敛快及适用于高维和小失效概率等优点。     

结构可靠性分析中考虑高次项修正的组合响应面法

响应面法被广泛地应用于大型复杂结构隐式极限状态方程的可靠性分析,然而至今响应面法的精度仍是未完全得以解决的问题。分析并指出了影响响应面法精度的主要因素,针对这些影响响应面法精度的主要因素,提出了考虑高次项修正的组合响应面法,该方法在真实极限状态方程对结构失效概率贡献较大的区域以一组主次响应面来近似,并对每一个响应面采用高次项予以修正,从而使得响应法的精度得以大幅提高,算例结果证明了所提方法的可行性与精度。     

A novel imprecise stochastic process model for time-variant or dynamic uncertainty quantification

This paper proposes a novel model named as “imprecise stochastic process model” to handle the dynamic uncertainty with insufficient sample information in real-world problems. In the imprecise stochastic process model, the imprecise probabilistic model rather than a precise probability distribution function is employed to characterize the uncertainty at each time point for a time-variant parameter, which provides an effective tool for problems with limited experimental samples. The linear correlation between variables at different time points for imprecise stochastic processes is described by defining the auto-correlation coefficient function and the cross-correlation coefficient function. For the convenience of analysis, this paper gives the definition of the P-box-based imprecise stochastic process and categorizes it into two classes: parameterized and non-parameterized P-box-based imprecise stochastic processes. Besides, a time-variant reliability analysis approach is developed based on the P-box-based imprecise stochastic process model, through which the interval of dynamic reliability for a structure under uncertain dynamic excitations or time-variant factors can be obtained. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by investigating three numerical examples.     

考虑模糊失效准则的结构疲劳寿命可靠性

 针对常规设计中对功能函数失效状态规定与常识不符这种情况,提出了考虑模糊失效准则的结构疲劳寿命可靠性,将结构寿命视为随机变量,而设计寿命视为模糊变量,研究了设计寿命服从线性L-R分布时的结构疲劳寿命可靠度,给出了随机载荷下结构疲劳寿命概率密度函数的确定方法,并提出了随机变量与模糊变量相组合时的一种新的可靠度数值计算方法,该方法先利用Gauss-Legendre积分将模糊可靠度求解的二次积分转换成一次积分,列出与Legendre多项式零点相对应的阀值,然后在给定的阀值下,将设计寿命转化成普通的截集区间,在截集区间内假定结构疲劳寿命概率密度函数服从均匀分布,利用Monte Carlo模拟得到对应于该阀值的结构疲劳寿命可靠度值。数值结果表明,常规设计下结构的疲劳寿命可靠度偏于危险。     

考虑几何分散性的涡轮盘寿命概率分析

针对考虑几何分散性的涡轮盘低循环疲劳（LCF）寿命概率分析中几何参数多、几何随机变量难确定、分布特征获取困难、模型需自动更新及计算成本高的问题,提出几何分散性的概率处理方法:采用试验设计方法对涡轮盘结构所有几何参数进行灵敏度分析,筛选出对应力影响较大的关键几何参数作为随机变量,使用K-S(Kolmogorov Smirnov)方法确定其分布类型和特征参数,最后建立代理模型进行Monte Carlo概率分析.基于此方法,开发出了涡轮盘概率分析系统,在该系统中筛选得到某发动机GH720Li涡轮盘内径、外径、盘缘厚度3个结构参数作为几何随机变量,完成对LCF寿命的概率分析工作得到寿命-可靠度分布曲线.分析结果表明涡轮盘外径对LCF寿命有较大影响.      

基于当量概率密度函数的模糊可靠性分析方法

实际工程中,结构系统的属性以及所受外载荷常常具有随机性和模糊性的特点。对于功能函数中含有模糊分布参数(FDP)的随机变量问题,如何准确且简便地评估其可靠性,是十分重要的。依据随机性和模糊性的基本概念,提出了当量概率密度函数的模糊可靠性分析方法。以FDP的隶属函数为基础,构造FDP的先验分布,应用Bayes理论,得到含有FDP随机变量的当量概率密度函数,并推导出具有常用隶属函数的FDP随机变量的数学期望和方差。这样就把含有FDP的随机变量处理成常规随机变量,进而可以应用传统的可靠性方法来分析结构的可靠性。本文所提方法解决了功能函数中含有多个FDP的随机变量时,模糊概率计算困难的问题。最后通过算例,与常用的模糊概率的可靠性分析方法进行比较,来验证本文算法的有效性。     

结构刚度可靠性分析方法

提出了结构刚度可靠性的分析方法,引入了刚度可靠性分析中相对重要度的概念,建立了以相对重要度来确定主要变量的准则,同时对极限状态方程的形式以及如何确定极限状态方程插值点进行了研究,形成了一般工程设计情况下和特殊情况下结构刚度可靠性分析的通用方法,并且这种方法可以推广到结构强度的可靠性分析。     

样本重复使用失效响应曲线分析结构可靠度方法

用基于样本重复使用失效响应曲线逼近法,为充分利用迭代过程中的样本点,提出了样本重复使用的思想,并由此发展出一种结构可靠度的计算方法.利用可靠度指标作为收敛条件,从迭代收敛后的所有样本点中选取靠近失效界线处的样本点构造失效曲线响应函数,最后通过蒙特卡洛抽样的方法计算可靠度.多个算例表明:该响应函数避免了对传统意义上的功能函数响应面的模拟,降低了模型维数,又由于适当地 引入了带交叉项、具有曲线旋转功能的响应函数,因此能够很好地逼近失效曲线,有效地提高可靠度计算精度.      

结构可靠度逐步逼近径向基神经网络响应面法

提出了逐步逼近径向基神经网络响应面法计算结构可靠度,这种数值方法较好地解决了结构功能函数非线性及结构随机变量非正态分布时采用结构可靠度指标度量结构可靠度存在误差的问题.经过多个数值试验表明,该算法迭代收敛迅速、计算准确性较高、应用过程简单.利用这种方法对含有多个随机变量的结构进行可靠性分析和设计,特别是当结构功能函数具有较强的非线性或结构随机变量分布具有较大的偏斜度时,具有一定的应用价值.      

考虑多工况性能可靠性的航空发动机循环设计方法

为实现航空发动机总体性能设计方法由传统的确定性设计向不确定性概率设计转变,提出基于分布式协同响应面法思想的航空发动机多工况性能可靠性循环优化设计方法:建立了引入非确定性部件性能的航空发动机性能仿真模型,通过试验设计、非设计点性能仿真试验等步骤,构建了各典型工况下发动机推力与耗油率性能可靠度关于设计点循环参数的分布式响应面模型,并以此构建多工况性能协同响应面模型进行循环参数优化设计,最终获得循环参数非劣解集并通过随机试验进行验证。结果表明,通过多工况性能可靠性循环优化设计方法获得的循环参数非劣解集均能使发动机在多个典型工况下的总体性能同时达到不低于97.5%的高可靠度,为设计人员根据实际情况选取循环参数提供依据。      

弹翼展开机构可靠性分析

提出了一种折迭弹翼机构在指定时间内展开到位的可靠性分析方法，文中采用序列响应面法和全概率定理解决了涉及机构动力学随机参数及发射攻角随机参数的双重随机性问题，基于本方法所研制的RSMM程序应用效果良好。     

渐变结构系统模糊可靠性灵敏度分析的矩方法(英文)

For a degradable structural system with fuzzy failure region, a moment method based on fuzzy reliability sensitivity algorithm is presented. According to the value assignment of performance function, the integral region for calculating the fuzzy failure probability is first split into a series of subregions in which the membership function values of the performance function within the fuzzy failure region can be approximated by a set of constants. The fuzzy failure probability is then transformed into a sum of products of the random failure probabilities and the approximate constants of the membership function in the subregions. Furthermore, the fuzzy reliability sensitivity analysis is transformed into a series of random reliability sensitivity analysis, and the random reliability sensitivity can be obtained by the constructed moment method. The primary advantages of the presented method include higher efficiency for implicit performance function with low and medium dimensionality and wide applicability to multiple failure modes and nonnormal basic random variables. The limitation is that the required computation effort grows exponentially with the increase of dimensionality of the basic random vari- able; hence, it is not suitable for high dimensionality problem. Compared with the available methods, the presented one is pretty competitive in the case that the dimensionality is lower than 10. The presented examples are used to verify the advantages and indicate the limitations.