基于接触式高温应变测试试验的涡轮叶片强度分析

基于涡轮叶片实际工况,建立了热-流-固耦合有限元仿真模型,得到了涡轮叶片的温度场、压力场、应力场与应变场。开展了涡轮叶片强度测试试验,试验中根据温度场仿真结果,通过感应加热装置对叶片加热;根据叶片转速计算等效离心载荷,通过液压拉伸试验机对叶片施加等效载荷。基于接触式高温应变测试方法开展了叶片静态应变测量,并通过测量结果与仿真结果的对比,验证了测试方法在涡轮叶片静态高温应变测量中的可行性。     

薄壁板结构随机声激励振动响应计算与分析

针对航空发动机压气机转子叶片结构声振动问题,建立了薄壁板有限元简化模型,基于耦合有限元/边界元法对薄壁板在行波加载下随机声激励振动响应进行了仿真计算,得到了在不同声压级下的应力响应结果.改变声载荷激励方向,分别对薄壁板施加单音噪声激励和宽频随机噪声激励,通过仿真计算得到了不同角度随机声激励下薄壁板振动响应频响曲线.对比分析发现,薄壁板模态振型与噪声加载方向是引起薄壁板共振的重要因素.     

加筋壁板结构非线性屈曲数值分析研究

应用非线性有限元分析技术采用ANSYS10.0有限元计算软件细致研究了飞机加筋壁板结构在受压状态下的非线性变形及稳定性特性,考虑了不同边界条件、不同加载方式以及不同筋条厚度对特征值屈曲分析临界栽荷的影响.并比较了非线性分析下结构的临界屈曲载荷与线性屈曲分析下的临界屈曲载荷.同时提取板上不同位置上节点的位移/加载曲线,面外挠度/加载曲线,等效应力/加载曲线,对结构非线性特性进行了细致分析和讨论.并以面外挠度为纵坐标得出了长截面与短截面的屈曲波形图,细致表现了加筋板的非线性屈曲形态与规律.     

兆瓦级风电叶片静力测试试验台设计与研究

为了满足兆瓦级风电叶片全尺寸静力加载试验要求,改变传统液压加载出力不精确、响应速度慢等缺点,研究了新型大功率机组叶片电动加载测试试验台.简述了试验台的总体方案设计、叶片载荷计算、加载系统设计及其静力测试试验过程.该试验台测试方案总体上采用拉力闭环控制的方式,使用多轴变频系统和多台变频电机共同组成加载装置.试验过程中通过对对实验叶片进行加载试验.由拉力传感器检测加载的拉力值,并实时的反馈回控制器,进而实现对加载机构的精确控制,保证大柔度叶片连续、平稳、协调加载,使其能完全满足兆瓦级风电叶片全尺寸静力加载试验要求.     

转轴-轮盘-裂纹叶片耦合系统的叶尖振动特性

航空发动机叶片在极端恶劣环境中工作,容易产生裂纹进而缩短叶片寿命,严重影响航空发动机的安全运行。以转轴-轮盘-裂纹叶片耦合系统为研究对象,采用有限元、假设模态混合的建模策略,利用有限元模拟转轴,基于Kirchhoff板理论、Timoshenko梁理论模拟轮盘、旋转叶片,并根据时变的释放应变能确定呼吸裂纹导致的时变损失刚度,建立了相应的动力学模型;通过对比耦合系统的固有特性和振动响应验证了提出方法的正确性;剖析了重力载荷、转子不平衡力、气动载荷对叶尖振动特性的影响,并研究了不同无量纲裂纹深度和裂纹位置对叶尖振动特性的影响。研究结果表明：健康叶片中,重力载荷会导致叶片产生振动,转子不平衡力会导致叶片发生静变形;在旋转状态下,裂纹叶片导致叶尖弯曲位移产生偏移量;在气动载荷作用下,呼吸裂纹导致叶片发生非线性振动;常值分量与转频幅值比、常值分量与气动激励频率幅值比是评价呼吸裂纹的有效指标。本文的建模方法和分析结论可为航空发动机叶片裂纹故障诊断提供了一定的理论依据。     

直升机变距拉杆杆端自润滑关节轴承的力学分析和损伤特性

以R44直升机主旋翼变距拉杆杆端自润滑关节轴承为研究对象,用三维建模软件Solidworks建立其旋转摆动的有限元模型并导入到有限元分析软件Ansys Workbench中,分析计算其在径向正弦载荷下衬垫的等效应力、位移、接触应力和等效剪切应力的变化特性;并结合实际服役工况下R44直升机失效的自润滑关节轴承衬垫进行分析。结果表明：在整个周期内,衬垫的边缘因为被挤压而发生变形,衬垫的等效应力和等效变形最大值均出现在外圈的边缘上,接触应力最大值所在的区域始终出现在衬垫的顶部和底部,并且接触应力分布区域的移动与内圈的转动方向一致,切应力最集中的地方在径向载荷施加点的左上方、左下方、右上方、右下方以及左右两侧;由于实际服役工况中载荷的变化,导致衬垫的损伤上半部分是以接触应力引起的疲劳损伤为主,下半部分是以切应力导致的转移膜形成为主。     

稳态温度场作用下涡轮叶片振动特性的研究

根据一维线性分段插值方法对一维温度场进行分段插值拟合,为有限元方法分析温度场作用下叶片振动问题中温度载荷的施加提供了简化可行的方案,利用有限元方法验证该线性拟合方案的可行性,并采用多种方法对计算结果进行验证分析,对一维稳态温度场的分段插值进行了误差分析,得到稳态温度场作用下叶片振动问题的有限元分析计算方法和温度载荷施加方案。     

机动转弯条件下转子有限元建模方法

为了使机动转弯条件下转子动力学模型更加精确,考虑梁单元的转动惯量和剪切变形,对有限元Timoshenko梁模型的相关理论进行推导;考虑到机动转弯载荷对转子响应的影响,对机动转弯条件下梁单元、刚性圆盘单元的机动载荷向量和重力载荷向量进行推导。利用以上推导结果建立了1套机动转弯条件下转子有限元的建模方法,利用该方法建立的模型进行机动转弯过程中含弹性支承双盘转子的振动响应计算,结果表明:机动转弯产生的附加载荷会使转子模型产生一定的静位移。     

空间复杂运动增升结构随动加载技术

某工程襟缝翼运动机构疲劳试验采用大后退量、三段式(前襟、主襟、后襟)富勒襟翼结构,翼面运动为平动和转动的空间复合运动形式,具有多段重叠面积大、偏转速率变化大、剖面轨迹差异大等特点,使翼面运动过程中始终垂直于翼面的交变载荷同步精准施加面临巨大挑战。因此,首次研发了一套空间复杂运动增升结构随动加载系统,包括翼面偏转、随动机构及协调加载等多套控制系统,涉及角度、位移、载荷、速度等多个控制参量,通过多系统多参量耦合同步控制技术,实现了翼面偏转自主控制及翼面交变载荷精准施加,保证了翼面加载点作动筒方向、载荷、翼面偏转角度实时协调同步,确保了翼面偏转全过程随动加载。测试结果显示：翼面运动过程载荷动态误差小于3%,此随动加载系统是可行、有效的。     

天线罩载荷谱编制与验证

天线罩气动载荷为空间力系，我们对气动载荷分别进行三个坐标平面投影，从而使问题等价为三平行力系，分别采用计算机交互分区法进行了载荷分区。计算验证是基于有限元分析技术，对天线罩建立模型并施加气动载荷进行计算，对胶布带的施加区域进行网格局部加密，在胶布带区域施加载荷，从而较准确地模拟了实际加载情况。试验应变监测表明：疲劳试验4倍寿命试验后，通过无损检测。各区域未见异常。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.