Ti—48Al合金PST晶体显微组织及高温压缩性能

采用磁悬浮区域熔炼的方法，制备了ＰＳＴ晶体，在８００℃对其压缩性能进行了测试，并对其变形组织进行了观察。结果表明，在８００℃时的屈服强度取决于片层界面与压缩轴的夹角，在＝９０°时屈服强度为最高，而＝４５°为最低。８００°时屈服强度有较大程度的下降，这与α２相中锥面滑移系｛１１２１｝〈１１２６〉的临界分切应力的降低有关。     

含Cr铸造Ti3Al＋TiAl合金的室温拉伸断裂行为

研究了Ｔｉ－４４．９Ａｌ（ａｔ－％）合金和Ｔｉ－４４．３Ａｌ－３Ｃｒ（ａｔ－％）合金的室温拉伸断裂过程。结果表明，Ｃｒ提高了合金的塑性。塑性的提高与含Ｃｒ合金含有更多的γ－ＴｉＡｌ相和形成由细晶γ和α＿２＋γ细晶组成的双重组织有关。Ｃｒ促使块状α＿２和β２相的形成，对阻碍γ相上的长程滑移有明显的作用。进一步细化铸态晶粒或制备具有片状α＿２＋γ组织的单晶合金是发展铸造α＿２＋γ合金的目标。     

近α型钛合金长时高温暴露过程中显微组织演变及其对热稳定性的影响

研究了近α型钛合金TG6经α+β两相区热加工的盘锻件在600℃长时暴露过程中的显微组织演变及其对热稳定性的影响。结果表明:经600℃/100h和600℃/300h长时高温暴露后,TG6钛合金的室温拉伸强度略有提高,其增幅在5%左右,而其拉伸塑性显著降低,塑性保持率小于50%,拉伸断口趋于平直化,且存在梯田状台阶和二次裂纹等,表现为显著的解理断裂特征。在600℃高温长时暴露过程中,TG6钛合金中的显微组织变化主要有在基体组织中的共格有序α2相析出及硅化物析出。随着高温暴露时间的延长,TG6钛合金的显微组织逐渐趋于稳定,拉伸性能的变化也相应趋缓。α2相析出促进了拉伸变形时位错滑移的平面化及变形不均匀,是热稳定性下降的主要原因;而硅化物析出协同促进位错滑移集中化,是热稳定性下降的次要因素。     

Ti—60合金时效处理时初生α相的长大

对Ｔｉ－５．６Ａｌ－４．８Ｓｎ－２Ｚｒ－１Ｍｏ－０．３２Ｓｉ－１Ｎｄ（ｗｔ％）高温钛合金（简称Ｔｉ－６０）１０１０℃／２ｈ－ＷＱ，７６０℃／２ｈ－ＡＣ热处理样品的分析表明，时效处理时，初生α相的晶界向β转变组织内部移动，形成弓出型晶界。淬火状态的相界以一列颗粒形式的残留物显示出来，残留物为富Ｓｉ－Ｚｒ析出物。同时还观察到被残留物阻碍的位错。     

TG6高温钛合金中α2相的沉淀析出行为及其对塑性的影响

随着对高温钛合金耐热性要求的不断提高,往往得通过加入高含量的Al、Sn、Zr和Si等元素来进行合金化,但在获得高热强性的同时也会因高温长时服役过程中析出α2相和硅化物而降低合金的塑性等.本文研究了TG6钛合金在不同热处理状态下α2相的沉淀析出行为及其对塑性的影响.结果表明,600℃是α2相析出的最佳动力学温度,α2相与α基体保持完全的晶体学共格关系,在α基体中均匀弥散分布,两者具有极小的错配度.共格有序的α2相析出将促进位错的集中平面滑移,限制了交滑移的进行,并引起滑移的不均匀分布,形成粗大的滑移带,从而引起室温拉伸塑性的下降.     

TiAl＋Sb合金室温变形亚结构的研究

使用透射电子显微镜，较详细地研究了Ｔｉ－３４Ａｌ－０．５Ｓｂ（ｗｔ％）合金经过２～３％室温压缩塑性变形以后的变形亚结构。试验结果表明，ＴｉＡｌ＋Ｓｂ合金室温变形时，在ｒ相板条内形成大量变形孪晶。相邻板条呈某种位向关系下，可以以相界面作镜面，在其两侧的两片ｒ相板条内形成呈一一对应关系的变形孪晶。而在一些取向的ｒ相板条内只产生位错。     

喷射沉积Ni3Al—Mo合金的位错结构分析

利用多功能雾化沉积装置制备了Ｎｉ－Ａｌ－Ｍｏ 系Ｎｉ３Ａｌ基高温合金。拉伸性能测试表明，喷射沉积Ｎｉ３Ａｌ－Ｍｏ 合金的屈服强度具有明显的“Ｒ”特性。利用ＴＥＭ 位错结构分析，阐明了合金微观结构与屈服强度之间的关系，研究结果表明，试验合金所具有的屈服强度随温度的变化规律主要是由不同温度下γ′及γ相内的位错缠结状况、位错对的形态及数量和六面体滑移系的开动程度决定的。     

近等温变形量对TC4-DT钛合金组织参数和拉伸性能的影响

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针、金相图像分析软件等研究近等温变形量对TC4-DT钛合金显微组织和拉伸性能的影响规律。研究发现:随热变形程度的增大,晶界α相逐渐被破碎,晶内粗大的片状α相宽度逐渐增大,但是细片状的α相宽度变化不大。粗片状α相是由元素扩散引起的成分偏析形成,60%的变形程度下元素扩散充分,不同形态α相之间合金元素成分差别降低,使得最终组织较为均匀。晶内粗片状α相含量和位向随变形程度升高而变化,低变形程度下(20%)α/β相界不会成为位错滑移的障碍,位错主要集聚于晶界导致沿晶断裂。高变形程度(60%)使原来的两相位向关系被打破,相界成为位错滑移的障碍,强度和塑性都得到提高,室温拉伸断口呈现穿晶断裂。实验结果表明在本实验条件下60%的变形量可以获得较好的强度和塑性匹配。     

Ti_3Al基合金位错类型的确定

本文利用透射电镜微观观察和理论分析探讨了Ti_3Al基五元合金中α_2相的位错滑移系统。实验结果表明,α_2相中易观察到的位错滑移系统为(1100)[0001]和(1100)[1120]并与派纳力理论计算相符。     

制备工艺对NiAl-30Fe-Y合金组织与性能的影响

研究了铸态、挤压态、热轧态和定向凝固结晶４种不同制备工艺对ＮｉＡｌ－３０Ｆｅ－Ｙ合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明,热轧和定向凝固结晶工艺明显改善了合金性能,特别是提高了合金室温塑性。在室温下不同制备工艺其拉伸断口特征明显不同。不同制备工艺仅对微观组织形态产生影响,其合金组织皆是由先共晶Ｂ２结构β和β与（γ＋γ'）共晶相组成,定向凝固合金成长方向为＜２１１＞β‖＜１００＞（γ＋γ'）。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.