晶体滤波器设计中的几个问题

本文提出了关于应用滤波器综合法设计,如何从晶体滤波器的带宽要求,合理地确定晶体元件的调整频差,同时讨论晶体元件的频温特性对滤波器带宽的影响。以及对所用差接变量器进行设计考虑。     

基于导频辅助的定时与载波同步环路设计

针对突发通信系统中定时与载波联合同步存在运算复杂度高的问题,提出了一种基于导频辅助的同步算法.首先针对基于匹配滤波器多项实现形式的定时环路,讨论了滤波器的实现形式及各支路采样时钟的控制方法;接着按照最优导频放置方式设计了一种基于相关函数和的频率估计器,该频率估计器运算简单并且其估计精度可接近CRB(Cramer-Rao Bound )界;最后用仿真验证了所提出的接收机性能.结果表明新算法采用较小的导频数目就可以实现理想同步,同时复杂度低,适合于工程实现.     

晶体滤波器设计与调试的几个问题

讨论关于分立式晶体滤波器(最常用的差接桥式电路)设计与调试中的几个问题,诸如合理确定滤波晶体的频率误差(调整频差)、差接变量器的设计考虑、滤波晶体的Q值与滤波器插入损耗之间的关系、以及利用负载电容C_1调整滤波器的带宽。     

数字多频陷波滤波器的改进设计方法

数字多频陷波滤波器主要用于消除数字信号中包含的多个频率分量.针对经典设计方法存在的局限性,提出了数字多频陷波滤波器的改进设计方法,即充分利用陷波滤波器的幅度响应和全通滤波器的相位响应的映射关系,将陷波滤波器设计问题转化为全通滤波器的设计问题.详细论述了改进设计方法的基本原理和实现过程,仿真验证结果表明所提出的设计方法有很好的稳定性和有效性.      

稳频半导体激光器线宽测量

窄线宽稳频激光器在精密干涉测量、光学频率标准、激光通信、激光陀螺、激光雷达、基本物理常数测量、冷原子系统等研究领域有着广泛的应用。稳频激光器的线宽是评价稳频性能的一个重要参数,利用AV4036系列频谱分析仪设计并搭建了用于稳频半导体激光器拍频线宽测量的实验系统,验证了方案的可行性。     

压缩感知OFDM稀疏信道估计导频设计

为提高稀疏信道估计性能, 基于压缩感知(CS)理论, 研究了正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中的导频设计问题。由于已有方法不能准确衡量采样矩阵重建性能, 从而导致根据已有方法设计的导频具有较差的信道估计性能, 因此提出以互相关矩阵元素的立方和为准则准确评价采样矩阵的重建性能。针对OFDM系统信道估计导频设计为离散组合优化问题, 提出了一种并行完全树分组替换搜索算法用于搜索最优的导频。在算法的每次循环中, 先将导频索引集合分组, 再根据每一组替换的结果更新导频, 提出的方法扩大了导频搜索空间, 避免了导频搜索的局部最优问题。仿真结果表明, 提出的评价方法相比现有方法能够准确评价采样矩阵重建性能, 使用提出的准则设计的导频与现有互相关准则相比信道估计均方误差可减小约3 dB。同时, 所提出的导频搜索算法具有更快的收敛速度和最优的导频搜索性能。      

多敏感器卫星姿态确定的联邦滤波器设计

针对由惯性测量组件、星敏感器、数字式太阳敏感器和红外地球敏感器构成的卫星姿态确定系统 ,提出采用联邦滤波器进行信息融合。设计了多敏感器信息融合的联邦滤波器结构和算法 ,推导了卫星姿态确定的误差状态方程和各子系统的量测方程。仿真分析结果表明 ,采用联邦滤波器对多敏感器卫星姿态确定系统进行信息融合 ,能够以较小的计算量实现高精度的信息融合 ,并且还能使高精度的信息融合具备容错性能     

500千赫多路导频晶体滤波器的应用和试制

500千赫多路导频晶体滤波器,系由63只带通晶体滤波器组成的系列。各晶体滤波器的频率衰减特性曲线在-3分贝处相交,形成63条频率通道。此系列是分立式带通晶体滤波器并联应用的一个实列。本文主要介绍多路导频晶体滤波器在某遥测设备中的应用,以及这种滤波器的设计方法,最后给出测试的结果。     

基于制动边界与意图识别的再生制动策略

有效的再生制动策略能够增加电动汽车回收能量,提高其续航能力。通过汽车制动动力学以及相关法规的分析,提出了基于边界最大化的再生制动力分配策略,建立了基于制动踏板深度、车速、SOC的模糊制动意图识别模型,识别驾驶员制动意图;建立了基于电机效率曲线的电池充电保护模型,限制电池充电电流。通过对Cruise仿真平台的二次开发,研究本文提出的再生制动策略对于电动汽车续驶里程的影响。在新欧洲行驶循环(NEDC)条件下,该策略能够增加电动汽车续驶里程7.8%;在美国联邦环保局测试工况(FTP75)条件下,该策略能够增加电动汽车续驶里程27.3%。     

星载圆柱阵电子消旋天线研究

对同步轨道自旋稳定卫星提出了一种 32列圆柱阵的电子消旋天线。该天线每列有 4个辐射单元 ,通过开关矩阵和数字可变功分器 ,对相邻五列阵顺序馈电形成覆球波束 ,在 0°～ 360°范围内周向扫描。利用星载地球敏感器输出脉冲作为角度参考 ,通过控制软件实现自主消旋 ,并获得了周向约 1 6°的波束跃度和电平起伏小于 1dB的平稳消旋结果     

Hematopoietic tissue repair under chronic low daily dose irradiation.

The capacity of the hematopoietic system to repair constantly accruing cellular damage under chronic, low daily dose gamma irradiation is essential for the maintenance of a functional hematopoietic system, and, in turn, long term survival. In certain individuals, however, such continuous cycles of damage and repair provide an essential inductive environment for selected types of hematopathologies, e.g., myeloid leukemia (ML). In our laboratory we have been studying temporal and causal relationships between hematopoietic capacity, associated repair functions, and propensities for hematologic disease in canines under variable levels of chronic radiation stress (0.3-26.3 cGy d-1). Results indicate that the maximum exposure rate tolerated by the hematopoietic system is highly individual-specific (three major responding subgroups identified) and is based largely on the degree to which repair capacity, and, in turn, hematopoietic restoration, is augmented under chronic exposure. In low-tolerance individuals (prone to aplastic anemia, subgroup 1), the failure to augment basic repair functions seemingly results in a progressive accumulation of genetic and cellular damage within vital progenitorial marrow compartments (particularly marked within erythroid compartments) that results in loss of reproductive capacity and ultimately in collapse of the hematopoietic system. The high-tolerance individuals (radioaccomodated and either prone- or not prone to ML, subgroup 2 & 3) appear to minimize the accumulating damage effect of daily exposures by extending repair functions, which preserves reproductive integrity and fosters regenerative hematopoietic responses. As the strength of the regenerative response manifests the extent of repair augmentation, the relatively strong response of high- tolerance individuals progressing to patent ML suggests an insufficiency of repair quality rather than repair quantity. The kinetics of these repair-mediated, regenerative hematopoietic responses within the major subgroups are under study and should provide useful insights into the nature of hematopoietic accommodation (or its failure) under greatly extended periods of chronic, low-daily-dose ionizing radiation exposure.     

Regeneration of guinea pig facial nerve: the effect of hypergravity.

Exposure to moderate hypergravity improves the regenerative capacity of sectioned guinea-pig facial nerve. The improvement in regeneration is tri-directional as follows: a) an average 1.7 fold increase in rate of regeneration in guinea pigs subjected to hypergravity; b) a 25% enhancement of facial muscle activity following the exposure to hypergravity; and c) improvement in the quality of regeneration from an esthetic standpoint. A good correlation was recorded between the histological structure of the severed nerve at the end of the regeneration and the clinical results.     

深空测控新技术研究进展

测控系统是航天工程不可或缺的重要组成部分,其导航通信能力在深空探测任务中尤为重要。深空探测任务远距离、长延迟、弱信号、易中断条件下高精度导航测量和高速可靠数据传输始终是深空测控技术需要重点解决的问题。围绕这些问题重点介绍了在天线组阵、再生伪码测距、连接端站干涉测量、相位参考干涉测量和容延迟网络等一系列新技术方面开展的研究工作和部分成果,可以看到,这些成果的应用将丰富深空测控技术手段,在未来更复杂、更遥远的深空探测任务中将会发挥重要作用。     

Planetarium Inversum -- a space vision for Earth education.

In a planetarium, the visitor is sitting on Earth and looking into an imaginary space. The Planetarium Inversum is the opposite: visitors are sitting in a space station, looking down on Mother Earth. It is a scientifically-based information show with visitors involvement, its elements being partially virtual (Earth in space has to be projected with highest possible resolution) but also containing real structures, such as the visitors' Earth observatory with adjacent biological systems (plant cultures and other ecological life support components). Its main message concerns the limits and the vulnerability of our home planet, its uniqueness, beauty and above all, its irreplaceableness: Earth does not have an emergency exit. The Earth observatory is part of a ring shaped, rotating space station of the type designed by Wernher von Braun decades ago. Visitors are told that gravity is being substituted by centrifugal force. Both types of life support systems are being demonstrated--self regenerative life based ones and technical ones as a backup (solar electric splitting of water and chemical absorption of respiratory CO2).     

电子吊舱环境控制系统设计的新技术

针对我国军用电子设备吊舱载机电源紧张,国产电子元器件耐温性能相对较差,对环境控制系统要求较高的特点,本文提出了一种新型用冲压空气驱动的环境控制系统.该系统采用"蓄冷节能"的设计思想和逆升压回冷技术,并配备具有智能功能的测控子系统.为克服冲压空气压头低的困难,利用空气动力学理论,提高进气道总压恢复系数,扩大系统进出口压差,从而获得较大涡轮膨胀比.试验结果证明所设计的吊舱环控系统具有良好的制冷性能和经济性.     

空间用脉冲管制冷机的数值模拟研究

脉冲管制冷机具有结构简单、可靠性高、寿命长、冷端无机械振动源以及没有电磁干扰等优点，是适合空间应用的新一代制冷机。文章以一维数值模型描述脉冲管制冷机中的非线性过程，利用有限差分方法对此一维模型进行了数值求解，计算结果与实验结果符合较好。     

Femme: A precursor ecosystem on the Moon

An efficient regenerative life Support system for manned base cannot be conceived without biological processes. Therefore since the 1960's, numerous projects have been initiated to close, as far as possible, the biological loop. Based on the selected concepts (i.e. carbon and/or nitrogen cycles, microbial organisms and/or higher plants) mathermatical models have been studied and built. Unfortunately, to our knowledge these robust models do not take into account the effects of the space environment (i.e. reduced gravity, radiation,…). In the past, a large number of scientific studies has been performed to understand these effects but only a few of them have tried to quantify them. In this paper we present a very simplified concept of an ecosystem. Its objectives, which are compatible with a non-pressurised mission, are on one hand to quantify microbial kinetics and on the other hand to demonstrate the validity of several technologies and technical concepts.