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地面对旋翼气动特性影响明显,且导致旋翼流场更加复杂。为分析地面效应下的旋翼桨尖涡和流场变化特性,基于涡面和无滑移边界条件,求解第2类Fredholm方程获得地面涡面矢量分布,且将涡面矢量按涡扩散方程扩散到流体中,建立考虑黏性效应的地面气动模型,并耦合非定常面元/黏性涡粒子混合法以体现旋翼桨叶气动特性和旋翼尾迹的非定常效应,构建旋翼地面效应气动分析方法。通过计算Lynx尾桨地面效应下的性能和桨尖涡轨迹,并计算Maryland大学模型旋翼和NASA缩比旋翼地面效应下的垂向、径向速度分布,且与试验和CFD计算结果对比,验证了本文方法能较好捕捉地面效应下的旋翼尾迹变化特性和复杂速度场特性,且结果表明本文方法能较好模拟地面效应下旋翼桨尖涡的收缩、扩散、井喷、地面射流等物理现象。 相似文献
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Particle image velocimetry(PIV) is utilized to measure the non-reacting flow field in a reflow combustor with multiple and single swirlers. The velocity field, vortex structure and total vorticity levels are experimentally obtained using two different boundary conditions, representing a single confined swirler and multiple swirlers in an annular combustor. The influence of the boundary conditions on the flow field at several locations downstream of the swirlers is experimentally investigated, showing that the central vortex in the multi-swirler case is more concentrated than in the single-swirler case. The vorticity of the central vortex and average cross-sectional vorticity are relatively low at the swirler outlet in both cases. Both of these statistics gradually increase to the maximum values near 20 mm downstream of the swirler outlet, and subsequently decrease. It is also found that the central vortex in the multi-swirler case is consistently greater than the single-swirler case. These results demonstrate the critical influence of boundary conditions on flow characteristic of swirling flow, providing insight into the difference of the experiments on testbed combustor and the full-scale annular combustors. 相似文献
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An experimental investigation on the wake vortex formation and evolution of a four vortex system of a generic model in the near field and extended near field as well as the behaviour and decay in the far field region has been conducted by means of hot-wire anemometry in a wind tunnel. The results were obtained during an experimental campaign as part of the EC project “FAR-Wake”. The model used consists of a wing–tail plane configuration with the wing producing positive lift and the tail plane negative lift. The circulation ratio of tail plane to wing is ?0.3 and the span ratio is 0.3. Thus, a four vortex system with counter-rotating neighboured vortices exists. The model set-up was chosen on the condition to create a most promising four vortex system with respect to accelerate wake vortex decay by optimal perturbations enhancing inherent instability mechanisms. The flow field has been investigated for a half plane of the entire wake up to a distance of 48 span dimensions downstream of the model. The results obtained at 1, 12, 24 and 48 span distances are shown as non-dimensional axial vorticity and vertical turbulence intensities. A significant decay in peak vorticity, swirl velocity and circulation is observable during the downward motion of the vortices. Spectral analysis of the unsteady velocity data reveals a peak in the power spectral density distributions indicating the presence of a dominating instability. Using two hot-wire probes cross spectral density distributions have also been evaluated, which highlight the co-operative instability leading to a rapid wake vortex decay within 30 span dimensions downstream. 相似文献
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建立了一个新的用于旋翼尾迹和诱导速度分析的时间推进自由涡计算方法.在该方法中,推导了一个新的二步二阶预测-校正差分算法--"D2PC"算法,并对采用该算法离散表示的涡线主控方程进行修正,以提高尾迹的求解精度;基于Vatistas公式给出涡核模型,并考虑了实际的耗散影响;采用更适合于旋翼气动特性计算的简化升力面桨叶气动模型;同时在自由涡方法中结合了挥舞动力学模型和旋翼配平模型.通过计算的旋翼尾迹几何形状和下洗速度与实验值的对比,验证了本文建立的自由涡方法的有效性.然后利用该方法,计算和分析了在悬停和前飞状态旋翼的尾迹几何形状和下洗诱导速度. 相似文献
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大攻角非对称流动的非定常弱扰动控制 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:5
研制了一种新的大攻角细长旋成体非对称涡的主动控制技术, 即在细长旋成体头部施加非定常弱扰动来控制头部非对称背涡。应用七孔探针测量的空间截面流场揭示了非定常控制下非对称涡变成对称涡的流态特征。测力试验研究结果表明该方法不仅能完全消除背涡的非对称性及其产生的侧向力, 并且有效控制攻角范围从30b直到80b。 相似文献
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HUANG Xu-dong CHEN Hai-xin FU Song David Wisler Aspi Wadi G. Scott McNulty 《航空动力学报》2007,22(9):1455-1460
IntroductionVortex is often the essential element re-sponsible for triggering stall and surge in com-pressors.So the identification and the analysisof the vortices in compressor are usually quitehelpful for the understanding of the compressorbehavior.Howe… 相似文献
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针对影响旋翼流场求解精度的关键因素“桨叶复杂近体流动”和“尾迹涡畸变”,结合计算流体力学(CFD)方法和黏性涡方法,发展了一套适合于复杂旋翼涡流场分析的耦合欧拉-拉格朗日数值方法:为捕捉桨尖三维效应、激波等细节流场特征,在桨叶近体区域采用CFD方法对其进行求解;针对高雷诺数旋翼流场中桨尖涡的紧凑结构特点,引入黏性涡方法建立了高分辨率的尾迹求解模型;两计算域间的信息交换采用了集中涡源法和边界修正法.应用所建立的计算方法,以旋翼CFD标准验证试验(Caradonna-Tung旋翼)为算例,对尾迹影响明显的悬停状态进行了数值模拟,通过对比耦合边界处流场特征及桨叶表面压力系数分布,验证了方法的有效性.此外,还从旋翼尾迹捕捉精度、涡量耗散特征及计算时间等方面对不同计算方法进行了对比分析,结果表明耦合方法可充分发挥CFD和黏性涡方法各自的优点,在旋翼流场数值模拟方面具有独特的优势. 相似文献
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关于旋涡定义的思考 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对旋涡定义这个长期未解决的难题,在分析历史上提出的几种思路的基础上,本文提出:定义旋涡的总目标,应当体现其管状运动形态,并与其作为流体运动肌腱的动力学功能有机结合;该定义应能以统一的方式覆盖经典涡动力学业已成熟的结果,并且指引对湍流中复杂涡状结构及其相互作用的识别。据此,本文根据涡量场演化的已知规律,提出了旋涡的一个动力学定义,作为继续深化讨论的参考。同时提出,人们针对湍流结构研究构造的各种涡判据,虽然对湍流涡状结构的可视化起了重要作用,但因其难以遵循管式涡量场的因果演化而无法取代完备的涡定义。相比之下,近十年来形成的涡量面理论,有望在未来发展中使旋涡的定义和检验问题回归涡量动力学的自然规律。 相似文献
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反射激波作用下重气柱界面演化的PIV研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在水平激波管中采用PIV方法研究了反射激波作用下SF6重气柱界面的发展演化。采用射流方法形成SF6无膜气柱界面,并以乙二醇作为示踪粒子。利用连续激光片光源结合高速摄影相机对流场进行显示,得到了反射激波作用下SF6气柱界面的发展过程。结果表明,入射激波的冲击会在界面上产生反向旋转的涡环结构,而反射激波的作用会在界面上产生与初始涡环旋转方向相反的次级涡环结构。此外,对反射激波作用后的流场图像进行PIV后处理,获得了流场连续的速度场和涡量场。获得的环量与已有的理论模型进行比较,取得了较好的一致性,也验证了本文实验方法的可行性。 相似文献
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建立了一个旋翼桨尖涡初始涡核半径计算模型,用于消除旋翼自由尾迹分析中桨尖涡涡核半径依靠经验设定的现状。该方法利用涡量和涡矩守恒关系,考虑旋转效应的影响,并修正Vatistas涡量分布函数,得到了一个关于桨尖涡初始涡核半径与桨叶附着环量分布之间的非线性关系。将新建立的初始涡核模型同先前建立的涡核扩散与拉伸模型以微分方程初值问题的形式组成一个完整的桨尖涡模型,并将其应用于自由尾迹分析方法中,分别对两副模型旋翼的悬停尾迹进行分析。计算得到的桨尖涡初始涡核半径和展向位置与实验测量值的对比表明本文模型具有较高的准确性。此外,讨论了涡核湍流动量扩散效应在自由尾迹分析中的影响,分析表明该效应对自由尾迹分析的收敛性有重要影响。 相似文献
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试验研究了三角形埋入式涡流发生器几何参数对其涡各参数的影响,发展了半片式三角形埋入式涡流发生器。试验中采用小型五孔探针获得涡流发生器后不同轴向截面处的速度矢量图,用高斯涡核模型及非线性拟牛顿最小二乘法拟合涡量、涡核半径、涡心高度等参数,分析了这些参数沿程变化趋势。 相似文献
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<正> The space .distributions of vorticity were measured by using a vorticimctcr (vorti-city probe) in the field induced by a vortex shedding from the wing-tip of a rectangular wing under different angles of attack. The results show that the vorticimetcr having the advantages of high sensitivity, simpler calibration process and easiness to use, is capable of measuring the vorticity directly, and finding out the center trace of the vortex core exactly. Through the measurements, a counter rotating vortex with a center strength of 1/17 to that of the main wing-tip vortex existing nearby is discovered. The center vorticity would decay substantially as the main wing-tip vertex moves down-stream. For instance, the peak vorticity at x = 2.5c (c, the chord length) will decay to about 25% of that at x = 0.1c, while its scale remains almost unchanged. At the cross-section x = 0.1c, the scale of the wing-tip vortex was about 0.2c spanwisc and-0.18c along the longtudinal direction. Finally, the strengths of a pair of in 相似文献
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为研究热力学效应对低温流体非定常空化流动的影响,以液氢为研究对象,采用大涡模拟计算了热力学和等温条件下液氢绕回转体的非定常空化流动。计算结果表明:热力学效应延长了液氢的空化周期,增强了空化的非定常特性,抑制了空化的发展。热力学条件下的空泡团内部包含更细、更小的气泡,呈现出多孔质特征,且使整个流域存在1.5K左右的温度波动。通过旋涡运动分析发现,热力学效应使旋涡结构由空穴交界面向空穴内部移动。基于涡量传输方程分析了热力学和等温条件下空穴和旋涡的交互作用,发现在热力学条件下,旋涡伸长项的作用位置主要位于空穴前端和尾端的交界面处,旋涡扩张项和斜压扭矩项主要位于空穴内部;在等温条件下,旋涡伸长项和旋涡扩张项主要位于空穴上方交界面处,斜压扭矩项主要位于空穴尾端。 相似文献
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通过有限差分法求解不可压缩流体的二维非定常Navier-Stokes方程,研究扰流片作振荡运动引起的强迫非定常分离流特性。着重研究了雷诺数、缩减频率等因素的影响。得到涡在扰流片上生成、发展、脱落以及脱落后的演化过程;并给出扰流片和平板表面的压力分布。计算结果和实验结果符合良好。 相似文献