民用飞机客舱舒适度调查与分析

为了解实际航班上乘客对于舒适度的主观感受,在34个国际航班和103个国内航班上进行了问卷调查,共收回有效问卷150份。问卷调查分析结果表明,乘客对座舱环境的总体满意度较好;噪声是乘客主要的不满意因素,且与乘客对总体环境的满意度密切相关;空客在冷热、气压、噪音、照明、空气品质各项的满意度和总体满意度均高于波音飞机;国内航线在照明、空气品质、冷热感受方面的满意度明显高于国际航线。     

大型客机信息化研制支撑体系架构研究

大型客机的研制具有复杂程度高、技术难度大、协作范围广等特点，随着研制要求的不断提高与研制范围的不断扩大，传统研制模式已经发生重大转变，需要将信息化技术融入大型客机研制过程，以提高大型客机的研制质量和效率。本文提出了大型客机信息化研制支撑体系的基本概念以及总体架构，包括业务应用平台、数据管理平台、基础技术平台，并通过产品生命周期、管理业务流程、产业价值链3个方面的应用管理，可实现对大型客机研制过程的有效支撑。经过实际型号工程研制的验证，该体系能够支撑大型客机研制的全过程，大幅度地提高研制质量、缩短研制周期、降低研制成本。     

Technology review of aeroengine pollutant emissions

The Environmental effects issue of air traffic has been gaining increasing public attention. This has led to a considerable world-wide effort to reduce aircraft emissions. The task encompasses a broad variety of scientific and technological problems which are reviewed.The concerns about atmospheric effects have been based largely on laboratory information and experience from weather and climatic simulations. Research carried out over the past few years will improve the understanding of physical and chemical interaction phenomena and will support regulatory activities. Operational changes of airline flight profiles would be of benefit to the reduction of NO_x released into the stratosphere but would probably involve a major economic penalty. Emissions reductions through improved engine technology offer an overall potential of 10 % lower fuel burn but will also require a considerable component development effort and investment.Combustion technology appears most promising and industry is concentrating research in this area. Over the past two decades smoke emissions have become negligible and oxides of nitrogen have been reduced by 50 %. Staged combustion and emerging lean premix and rich-burn quick-quench lean-burn technologies are potentially good for another 50 % reduction. Alternative gaseous fuels will become of interest only in the context of a necessity to generally replace crude oil fuels.     

四横四纵高铁网络对航空的分流模型及其应用

随着四横四纵高铁网络的逐年开通运行,国内数以百计的城市对航线客流量都会受到高铁开通的分流影响。建立高铁网络对航空旅客的分流模型,使其能够定量地分析高铁网络对航空客运市场的整体分流影响或单一高铁线路开通时的区域分流影响,有助于准确地预测国内航空运输市场的发展与变化。分流模型采用了计量经济学方法,以旅行时间差和票价浮动作为基本变量,收集国内外航空运输数据和高铁运营数据进行统计分析,得出四横四纵高铁网络对整体航空市场和京沪航线上的分流效应。高铁网络对航空旅客分流影响研究将对国内航空运输市场预测和航线优化产生重要的作用。     

我国航空公司机票价格博弈分析

主要从博弈论完全信息条件下"囚徒困境"的角度,以及完全信息条件下有先后定价次序的价格竞争角度分析我国民航业的双寡头航空公司机票价格定价策略,然后从不完全信息混合博弈角度分析航空公司与民航总局监管博弈,最后根据以上论证对民航总局管控和航空公司机票定价策略提出相关建议。     

最小生理噪声进场航迹飞行管理方法

 微波着陆系统MLS的最优航迹计算以减小居民最敏感的生理噪声为基本优化性能准则,用感觉噪声级Sone为单位。计算了考虑了噪声传播时温度、风梯度、沿进场航迹附近区域生活居民区分布位置及密度等影响。通过对杜塞尔道夫-罗奥申航空港计算结果证实,使航空港附近居民的平均有效感觉生理噪声级(Sone)较原有Jeppesen标准方式降低了20％以上。     

Data-driven reliability analysis of Boeing 787 Dreamliner

The Boeing 787 Dreamliner, launched in 2011, was presented as a game changer in air travel. With the aim of producing an efficient, mid-size, wide-body plane, Boeing initiated innovations in product and process design, supply chain operation, and risk management. Nevertheless, there were reliability issues from the start, and the plane was grounded by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in 2013, due to safety problems associated with Li-ion battery fires. This paper chronicles events associated with the aircraft’s initial reliability challenges. The manufacturing, supply chain, and organizational factors that contributed to these problems are assessed based on FAA data. Recommendations and lessons learned are provided for the benefit of engineers and managers who will be engaged in future complex systems development.     

中国拟建航空卫星移动通信地面地球站（GES）的技术方案

中国民航正在计划实施航空卫星移动业务通信。ＡＭＳＳ系统有三个主要组成部分：空间段，地面地球站和机载地球站。中国国际航空公司已居其两架波音７４７型飞机上装有ＡＥＳ。不久将有更多飞国际航线的飞机安装ＡＥＳ。     

民用飞机发动机增压级设计与试验研究

本文介绍了某三级增压级的设计与试验研究。该增压级是根据支线飞机发动机对增压级的要求,针对民机的技术特点,发展和应用了多项关键技术,通过设计和试验研究,在国内首次研制成功全工况性能优异的满足民机增压级性能要求的二级增压压气机部件。其试验性能全面达到和超过其性能指标要求,填补了我国在民机增压级设计技术方面的空白．为我同大型客机增压压气机的设计提供了技术支持,也为民机发动机的研制奠定了坚实、可靠的基础。     

Analyzing the multilevel structure of the European airport network

The multilayered structure of the European airport network (EAN), composed of con-nections and flights between European cities, is analyzed through the k-core decomposition of the connections network. This decomposition allows to identify the core, bridge and periphery lay-ers of the EAN. The core layer includes the best-connected cities, which include important business air traffic destinations. The periphery layer includes cities with lesser connections, which serve low populated areas where air travel is an economic alternative. The remaining cities form the bridge of the EAN, including important leisure travel origins and destinations. The multilayered structure of the EAN affects network robustness, as the EAN is more robust to isolation of nodes of the core, than to the isolation of a combination of core and bridge nodes.     

The future of transportation systems

The emergence of a world-wide duopoly in the design and production of large commercial aircraft at the end of the 1990s and cutbacks in aerospace and defense has put significant pressure on the number of avionics manufacturers. A similar duopoly exists very nearly for US military aircraft. In 1999, mergers created two large avionic suppliers in the USA. European avionics suppliers have also been consolidating. At worst, these larger entities will have a negative effect upon US aerospace employment, and further discourage the best and brightest engineers. Commuter and general aviation, where competition still reigns (more than ten manufacturers exist in 2000), may lead the avionics charge into the future     

The Deep Impact Earth-Based Campaign

Prior to the selection of the comet 9P/Tempel 1 as the Deep Impact mission target, the comet was not well observed. From 1999 through the present there has been an intensive world-wide observing campaign designed to obtain mission critical information about the target nucleus, including the nucleus size, albedo, rotation rate, rotation state, phase function, and the development of the dust and gas coma. The specific observing schemes used to obtain this information and the resources needed are presented here. The Deep Impact mission is unique in that part of the mission observations will rely on an Earth-based (ground and orbital) suite of complementary observations of the comet just prior to impact and in the weeks following. While the impact should result in new cometary activity, the actual physical outcome is uncertain, and the Earth-based observations must allow for a wide range of post-impact phenomena. A world-wide coordinated effort for these observations is described.     

Systems integration, user interface design, and tower air trafficcontrol

Tower air traffic control is currently performed using several unintegrated systems. While each of these systems supports performing an isolated task, the compilation of tools presents a number of challenges. This paper reports ways in which the Tower Control Computer Complex (TCCC) will support and enhance user management of numerous systems. Areas that will be notably improved include the consistency in the user interface of the air traffic control toolset, the task of manually integrating tools and information, toolset alert management, and toolset organization and administration     

Review on ultra-lightweight flapping-wing nano air vehicles:Artificial muscles,flight control mechanism,and biomimetic wings

Flying insects are capable of flapping their wings to provide the required power and control forces for flight. A coordinated organizational system including muscles, wings, and control architecture plays a significant role, which provides the sources of inspiration for designing flapping-wing vehicles. In recent years, due to the development of micro-and meso-scale manufacturing technologies, advances in components technologies have directly led to a progress of smaller Flapping-Wing Nano Air V...     

基于多目标算法的空中作战任务规划框架研究

空中作战任务规划是一项复杂的任务,随着空中作战飞行器的种类、数量及其之间交互性的增加,任务规划也变得越来越复杂。任务规划人员必须在有限的时间内制定出最优的任务分配策略。决策支持工具可以辅助任务规划人员找到最优的规划方案。介绍了设计多目标进化算法以及在空中作战任务规划领域的框架和工作流程,具体的任务包括空中打击动态目标的定位问题和情报监视侦察（ISR）任务规划。总结了这些研究的经验教训,探讨了未来可能的发展方向。     

Aviation safety,an introduction

Air transport will continue to grow. It has a good relative safety record but public perception focuses on total accidents rather than relative safety. This has led to the setting of ambitious new safety targets for air transport, whose attainment will require improved knowledge of causes of accidents and better understanding of the effects of new technologies and procedures. Human factors and operational environments are key elements while aircraft design, construction and maintenance, together with ATC operations and accident mitigation, also play important roles. During the Aerodays a variety of projects relating to these matters were presented.     

Investigation of lateral-directional aerodynamic parameters identification method for fly-by-wire passenger airliners

A new identification method is proposed to solve the problem of the influence on the loaded excitation signals brought by high feedback gain augmentation in lateral-directional aerodynamic parameters identification of fly-by-wire（FBW） passenger airliners. Taking for example an FBW passenger airliner model with directional relaxed-static-stability, through analysis of its signal energy distribution and airframe frequency response, a new method is proposed for signal type selection, signal parameters design, and the appropriate frequency relationship between the aileron and rudder excitation signals. A simulation validation is presented of the FBW passenger airliner＇s lateral-directional aerodynamic parameters identification. The validation result demonstrates that the designed signal can excite the lateral-directional motion mode of the FBW passenger airliner adequately and persistently. Meanwhile, the relative errors of aerodynamic parameters are less than 5%.     

喷气式旅客机起飞性能计算通用程序设计

介绍了用 Ｆ Ｏ Ｒ Ｔ Ｒ Ａ Ｎ 语言编写的喷气式旅客机起飞性能计算的通用程序,并以 Ｂ７６７２００（ Ｊ Ｔ９ Ｄ７ Ｒ４ Ｅ）为例,成功地计算了该机型的起飞性能;同时,通过计算关键参数变化的影响,论证了遵守标准飞行程序的重要性,为确定允许的操纵误差和操纵品质评估提供了分析的依据。     

基于灰色多层次方法的航班延误风险评价

构建航班延误评价指标体系,提出一种灰色多层次综合评价数学模型,对航班延误进行风险评价,能给机场以及航空公司提供比较可靠的判断依据。     

天津航空旅客流失的主客观原因

在分析天津航空旅客流失的客观因素时,以详细的旅客调查为依托,使用"航线可用座位数"这一参数与"旅客需求"之间的供求关系来阐述天津航空旅客流失的客观原因,通过对流失旅客出行心理的梳理和分析,对于航空旅客流失的原因从主观方面也进行了深入的剖析,找出天津航空旅客流失的深层次原因。