Implementation of a novel matrix converter PMSM drive

This paper proposes a neural-network current-regulated switching strategy and an intelligent controller for a matrix converter permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system. By using this new switching strategy, the current harmonics of the system are effectively reduced. In addition, by using the intelligent controller, position control of the drive system can be achieved and an adjustable speed range from 1 r/min to 1500 r/min can be obtained. All the current-loop, speed-loop, and position-loop control algorithms are implemented by a 32-bit TMS320C40 digital signal processor. Several experimental results are shown to validate the theoretical analysis     

Design and implementation of a matrix converter PMSM drive without a shaft sensor

A novel controller design for a sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system, which is fed by a matrix converter is proposed. First, a rotor position estimating technique is proposed to obtain the shaft angle of the motor. Next, a two-degree-of-freedom proportional-integral (PI) controller, including a forward-loop controller and a load compensator, is proposed to improve the performance of the system. The whole drive system has satisfactory transient responses and load disturbance rejection abilities. In addition, the parameters of the PI controller are calculated by using a frequency-domain parameter optimization technique. Only simple algebraic computation is required. Finally, a 32-bit TMS320C40 digital signal processor is used to execute the sensorless technique and all of the control loops, including a current-loop and a speed-loop. Several simulated and experimental results are shown to validate the theoretical analysis.     

Sensorless synchronous reluctance drive with standstill starting

This paper presents a novel sensorless synchronous reluctance drive system. Based on the dynamic model of the synchronous reluctance motor (SRM), a new rotor position estimator is proposed. This estimator is only related to the rate change of the stator currents. It is not related to the parameters, speed, voltage, and external load of the motor. As a result, the estimator is simple and robust. Based on the proposed estimator, a sensorless synchronous reluctance drive has been implemented. This drive system can start from standstill and accelerate to a rated speed; the traditional open-loop starting method, therefore, is unnecessary. A digital signal processor, TMS-320-C30, is used to implement the estimating and control algorithms. Experimental results show that the proposed system works well. The adjustable speed range can be from 1 r/min to 1800 r/min. Moreover, by adding the position-loop controller the proposed system can perform as a position control drive as well. Several experimental results validate the theoretical analysis.     

A fuzzy sliding-mode controller design for a synchronous reluctancemotor drive

A new method for controlling a synchronous reluctance drive system using a sliding mode with fuzzy controller design is presented. The fuzzy controller is used to adjust the sliding line of the sliding-mode controller. Using this method, the system has a fast response and a good disturbance rejection capability. In addition, the chattering of the speed is reduced. In this work, the mathematical model of the motor is described first. Then, the design procedures for a high performance drive system using a sliding mode with fuzzy control are explained. Next, the system enhanced by a high performance 32 bit digital signal processor (DSP) and simple hardware circuits is shown. Both the current-loop and speed-loop controllers are executed by the DSP. Finally, some experimental and computer simulation results are presented. The experimental results validate the simulation results     

Design and implementation for a digital synchronous reluctancedrive

A systematic controller design for a synchronous reluctance drive system is presented. This controller consists of two parts: a forward-loop H^∞ controller to improve the transient response, and a load compensator to reduce the load disturbance. Based on a simplified model of the drive system, a control algorithm has been derived. Detailed analysis of the characteristics of the closed-loop system is presented. The effects of the parameter variations are also studied. A digital signal processor, TMS-320-C30, is used to implement the control algorithm. Both the speed control and the position control of the drive system can be implemented by using the proposed control method. Furthermore, all the control loops are executed by the digital signal processor. The system, as a result, is very flexible. The whole drive system performs well although its hardware is very simple. For speed control, the system can be operated at a speed as low as 1 r/min. For position control, the system can accurately control a one-axis table. In addition, the system also has good position tracking ability. Several experimental waveforms validate the simulated results     

Design and implementation of a sensorless switched reluctance drivesystem

This paper presents a new sensorless switched reluctance drive system. The drive system can perform well when the system is operated in the pulse-width modulated (PWM) region. By suitably shaping an induced voltage in an inactive phase which is adjacent to an energized phase of a switched reluctance motor (SRM), the shaft position of the rotor can be easily obtained. As a result, the position sensor can be eliminated. First, the theoretical analysis of the proposed method is presented. By systematic theoretical analysis, a voltage signal which can easily estimate the shaft position of the motor is derived. This signal is only related to the input dc voltage of the converter, and the self and mutual inductances of the motor. Then, a new method to measure the self and mutual inductances of the SRM is proposed. After that, the design for a simple circuit which can synthesize the required voltage signal for rotor position estimation is presented. Next, how a 32-bit microprocessor system is used to execute the position and speed estimation, speed-loop control, and current-commands generation is shown. A closed-loop drive system is thus achieved. Several simulated and experimental results validate the theoretical analysis. A new direction in the design and implementation of a sensorless switched reluctance drive system is presented     

基于专家控制器的电动汽车感应电机弱磁区优化控制研究

由于感应电机驱动系统采用数字控制器和脉宽调制输出会伴随着数字延迟的问题,加之参数可能存在的扰动,使得传统的间接磁场定向控制方法在感应电机高速弱磁区的控制性能降低。针对此问题,提出了一种基于专家控制器和模糊推理机制的感应电机弱磁区优化控制策略。考虑到传统间接磁场定向控制中电流调节器在弱磁区若没有获得适合的电流参考指令,则可能会产生高频振荡乃至失稳。因此,在传统方法的基础上将转速闭环输出的电流参考先送入到专家控制器,专家控制器基于数据库和模糊推理,对电流参考进行修正,其中模糊推理机制基于简单的高斯函数逻辑实现。最后,构建了感应电机驱动试验平台,开展了电机在弱磁区的高速驱动试验,试验结果验证了新型控制策略的有效性。     

高速无轴承永磁电机设计与分析

高速电机具有高功率密度、能够减小设备体积与重量,可以直接驱动负载、提高传动效率,在航空航天、新能源、精密制造等领域具有广阔的应用前景。将无轴承永磁电机应用于高速驱动系统,在推导无轴承永磁电机数学模型基础上,提出了高速无轴承永磁电机设计方法。通过对一台额定功率2 300 W、额定转速8 000 r/min、调速范围0~60 000 r/min的高速无轴承永磁电机进行电磁和机械一体化设计,并采用有限元法对样机的电磁性能和动力学性能进行优化。仿真试验结果验证了所采用的设计方法的正确性。     

Decoupling and tracking control of induction motor drive

This work introduces an adaptive observation system and a robust control system for achieving the favorable decoupling control and high-precision speed tracking property of an induction motor (IM) drive system. First, an adaptive observation system with an inverse rotor time-constant observer is derived on the basis of model reference adaptive system (MRAS) theory to preserve the decoupling control characteristic of an indirect field-oriented IM drive. The adaptive observation system is implemented using a digital signal processor (DSP) with a high sampling rate to make it possible to achieve good dynamics. Moreover, a robust control system is developed based on the principle of computed torque control. In the robust control system, a grey uncertainty predictor is utilized to adapt the lumped uncertainty on line to relax the requirement of the lumped uncertainty in the design of a computed torque speed controller. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed observation and control systems is verified by simulated and experimental results.     

Robust speed sensorless induction motor drive

A speed sensorless induction motor (IM) drive with robust control characteristics is introduced. First, a speed observation system, which is insensitive to the variations of motor parameters, is derived based on the concept of sliding mode. Next, an integral-proportional (IP) speed controller using the estimated speed signal is designed to stabilize the speed loop. Then, to preserve the robust control performance under parameter variations and external load disturbance, an adaptive uncertainty observer with feedforward control is proposed. The adaptive uncertainty observer is implemented to estimate the lump of uncertainty of the controlled plant. To increase the accuracy of the estimated values, the speed observation system is implemented using a digital signal processor (DSP) with a high sampling rate     

Quantitative speed control for SRM drive using fuzzy adapted inverse model

Quantitative and robust speed control for a switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive is considered to be rather difficult and challenging owing to its highly nonlinear dynamic behavior. A speed control scheme having two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) structure is developed here to improve the speed dynamic response of an SRM drive. In the proposed control scheme, the feedback controller is quantitatively designed to meet the desired regulation control requirements first. Then a reference model and a command feedforward controller based on an inverse plant model are employed to yield the desired tracking response at nominal case. As the variations of system parameters and operating conditions occur, the prescribed control specifications may not be satisfied any more. To improve this, the inverse model is adaptively tuned by a fuzzy control scheme so that the model-following tracking error is significantly reduced. In addition, a simple disturbance cancellation robust controller is added to improve the tracking and regulation control performances further.     

纯电动城市客车EMB执行机构驱动电机制动性能分析

传统气压制动系统存在压缩机、制动油箱和空气管路,占据较大空间,而采用电子机械制动(EMB)系统代替,不但可以减小空间,还能实现对夹紧力的快速响应和精确控制。以纯电动城市客车为目标车型,讨论了EMB执行机构方案,根据传统气压盘式制动器最大夹紧力推导出电机的堵转转矩和空载转速。据此设计了永磁无刷直流驱动电机,堵转转矩为10 N·m,空载转速为370 r/min。在Maxwell 2D中搭建驱动电机有限元模型,分析电机在消除间隙阶段和夹紧力增加阶段的制动性能。结果表明所设计的驱动电机制动性能可满足要求。     

Control of an aircraft electric fuel pump drive

The concept of designing a high-speed, permanent magnet, brushless DC motor aircraft fuel pump drive using a cycloconverter link is examined. A combination of sinusoidal and DC steady-state analysis is used to produce a simple model of the system. A closed-loop control system with an outer loop based on speed and an inner loop based on current is postulated wherein a proportional-plus-integral controller is placed in the forward path to assure minimum speed error. Gains are then set to assure that the eigenvalues of the linearized control system lie within the left half s-plane over the entire full range     

基于新型变速趋近律的永磁同步电机滑模控制

为了改善永磁同步电机(PMSM)调速系统的动态品质,提出了一种基于变速趋近律方法的PMSM滑模速度控制策略。为了提高传统指数趋近律的收敛速度和消除系统抖阵现象的影响,在传统指数趋近律的基础上提出了一种新型变速趋近律方法,并应用该方法设计了一种PMSM调速系统的滑模速度控制器。通过仿真和试验结果对比分析,证明该算法不仅改善了系统的鲁棒性能,同时改善了系统的动态响应速度。     

同步磁阻电机直接转矩控制系统研究

鉴于矢量控制对电机参数依赖性强的问题,借鉴现有永磁同步电机数学模型及其直接转矩控制的相关理论,分析同步磁阻电机的数学模型,提出了同步磁阻电机的直接转矩控制方法,包括空间电压矢量的计算、磁链和转矩的滞环控制等;并基于位置信息的估算,设计了速度的闭环控制器。构建了系统的仿真模型,并对电机的稳态和动态性能进行了仿真分析。由仿真结果可知,所提方法设计的系统能够在较宽的转速范围内变速运行。     

低压电动车开关磁阻电机隔离驱动技术

在传统的低压电动车开关磁阻电机(SRM)驱动系统的设计中,优先考虑的问题是系统的体积和成本。通常在MOSFET驱动电路、相电流和母线电压采样电路设计中直接忽略了数字地和功率地的隔离问题,使得整个驱动系统的可靠性大打折扣。在保持传统的非隔离驱动系统中驱动电路和电阻采样电路的基础上,提出采用高速光耦实现PWM控制信号与MOSFET驱动信号的隔离,采用线性光耦实现相电流和母线电压采样信号与控制器AD采样信号之间的隔离。该方式可以在尽量不增加系统体积和成本的情况下,实现数字地和功率地隔离,从而进一步提升低压电动车SRM驱动系统的可靠性,具有广阔的应用前景。     

New split-winding doubly salient permanent magnet motor drive

A new split-winding doubly salient permanent magnet (DSPM) motor drive is proposed. This DSPM motor drive offers the advantages of high power density, high efficiency, and wide speed range. The corresponding operation, analysis, implementation, and experimentation are successively presented. Finally, experimental results are used to confirm that the proposed DSPM motor drive offers high efficiency over a wide output power range, exhibits good dynamic performance, and extends the constant-power operation range significantly.     

某型无人直升机带传动离合器控制系统

针对某型直升机无人化改装过程中带传动离合器的控制要求,探讨一种具有安全保护功能的控制系统.通过分析带传动离合器的操纵原理和控制特性,提出了控制系统的设计需求,确定了控制系统的总体方案.采用转速反馈和间歇接合的控制方法,实现离合器的自动接合,避免发动机转速降幅过大.通过采集着陆信号,采取硬件注销的方式,避免无人直升机在飞行中响应离合器分离等危险指令.采用转速反馈和磁电机间歇接地的控制方法,防止发动机在离合器未接合的情况下超速.在某型无人直升机上分别进行自动接合试验和超速保护试验,在地面模拟进行空中/地面保护试验.结果显示:自动接合试验中发动机最小转速为960r/min;超速保护试验中发动机瞬时最大转速为2016r/min,最小转速为1088r/min,超速持续时间为0.5s;空中/地面保护试验确认了地面状态指令正常执行和空中状态指令注销的功能.试验结果表明:该控制系统设计方案满足无人直升机的使用需求.      

永磁直线同步电机无传感驱动系统全速范围位置估计新方法

为了适应直线电机速度变化范围大的特点,针对永磁直线同步电机(PMLSM)无传感驱动系统中难以在全速范围内精确提取动子位置信息这一问题,提出了一种基于扩展卡尔曼滤波法(EKF)和位置闭环观测器的复合新型位置估计算法。在电机起动与低速时采用EKF,在中高速时采用位置闭环观测器,在速度承接区域采用EKF和闭环观测器算法的加权复合,以实现PMLSM从起动到高速全速范围内高精度的位置估计。仿真试验结果表明,提出的方法在全速范围内能较准确地估计出电机的位置信息。     

On-line gain-tuning IP controller using RFNN

In this study an integral-proportional (IP) controller with on-line gain-tuning using a recurrent fuzzy neural network (RFNN) is proposed to control the mover position of a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) servo drive system. The structure and operating principle of the PMLSM are first described in detail. A field-oriented control PMLSM servo drive is then introduced. After that, an IP controller with on-line gain tuning using an RFNN is proposed to control the mover of the PMLSM for achieving high-precision position control with robustness. The backpropagation algorithm is used to train the RFNN on line. Moreover to guarantee the convergence of tracking error for the periodic step-command tracking, analytical methods based on a discrete-type Lyapunov function are proposed to determine the varied learning rates of the RFNN. Furthermore, the proposed control system is implemented in a PC-based computer control system, Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed PMLSM servo drive system is demonstrated by some simulated and experimental results. Accurate tracking response and superior dynamic performance can be obtained due to the powerful on-line learning capability of the RFNN. In addition, the proposed on-line gain-tuning servo drive system is robust with regard to parameter variations and external disturbances