共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
M.L. McConnell P.P. Dunphy D.J. Forrest E.L. Chupp 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1983,3(4):105-108
A directional detector for γ-ray astronomy has been developed to image sources in the energy range 0.1 to 5 MeV. An array of 35 gain stabilized bismuth germanate detectors, together with a coded aperture mask based on a Uniformly Redundant Array (URA), allows imaging in 4° square sky bins over a 16° X 24° field-of-view. The position of a strong point source, such as the Crab Nebula, can be determined to within ?1°. A complementary “anti-mask” greatly reduces systematic effects arising from non-uniform background rates amongst the detectors. The telescope has an effective area of 190 cm2 and an energy resolution of 19.5% FWHM at 662 keV. Results of laboratory tests of the imaging system, including the ability to image multiple sources, uniformity of response over the field-of-view, and the effect of the “anti-mask”, are in good agreement with computer simulations. Features of the flight detector system are described and results of laboratory tests and computer simulations are reviewed. A balloon flight of the telescope is planned for the fall of 1982. 相似文献
2.
M. Oda 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1982,2(4):207-216
Imaging over the hard X-ray energy band may be achieved by masking the flux with proper obstacles. The imaging modulation collimator has been developed and has been applied thus far, e.g., to produce hard X-ray pictures of the solar flare and to construct the X-ray image of the Crab Nebula up to the angular resolution of ~ 10 arcsec. Variations of the concept such as the Fourier Transform Telescope are discussed. Virtue of the modulation collimator is that high angular resolution may be achieved with a relatively simple detector system and that a wide field of view may be accomodated. Among several proposed coded masks, the techniques of Hadamard transform are discussed in some details. The coded mask is provided with a better total transmission, but its angular resolution is limited due to presently limited spatial resolution of the detector. Developments of the technique of the position sensitive detector are awaited for further improvements of the resolution. 相似文献
3.
E. Amata G. Bellucci V. Formisano 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1985,5(12):263-266
Observations of comet Halley through CCD and Schmidt plates have been performed at Catania Observatory (Italy) from October 1985 through April 1986. Preliminary results are presented concerning the spatial structures for different spectral ranges of cometary light. 相似文献
4.
多径信道下图像的信源信道联合编码调制传输 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对多径衰落信道提出了一种基于小波变换并结合OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)自适应调制的图像传输方法和信源信道联合带宽功率优化分配算法.给出了编码传输方法结构,对有噪信道下基于小波变换的图像编码传输实现和失真估计问题及多误码率OFDM自适应调制比特功率优化分配问题进行了建模和分析,使得信源量化编码与OFDM调制能够方便地结合起来,并进一步得到了相应的信源信道联合优化带宽功率分配方法.仿真和分析表明,该方法实现了多径信道下图像的信源信道联合编码调制传输,编解码复杂度和延迟小,且信源信道联合优化的带宽功率分配可有效提高信道资源利用效率. 相似文献
5.
H. Rott 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1984,4(11):241-246
The potential of SAR systems for monitoring the seasonal snow cover and glaciers has been investigated based on an airborne experiment in the Austrian Alps and on Seasat SAR and Shuttle Imaging Radar-A data. X- and C-band SAR are useful sensors for mapping wet snow packs, while in L-band snow-covered and snow-free surfaces often cannot be separated. SAR data in all three frequency bands provide valuable glaciological information. 相似文献
6.
为了充分提高超低频振动校准系统的实用性,针对低频传感器校准的需要和该系统的特点,提出了利用调频正弦波作为激励信号,只需要一次测量即可实现对低频振动传感器的校准,校准时间由几十分钟缩短到几分钟甚至1min之内,校准效率大大提高.为了避免由于系统幅频特性不理想而在较高频段对传感器校准精度不高的缺点,提出了利用系统的动态频率特性和线性调频波时频域相关的特性,设计相应的数字补偿滤波器实现对信号源的瞬时补偿,从而实现振动台的线性调频振动.实验结果表明,振动台能够输出较补偿前更为理想的线性调频波,校准结果也更接近绝对校准,且重复性好,同时满足了校准效率和精度的要求. 相似文献
应用非平稳时间序列的时变系统建模方法进行了参数随时间变化的线性系统参数的辨识.通过引入多尺度径向基函数(MRBF)将非平稳过程的辨识问题转化为线性时不变过程的辨识,结合粒子群优化算法(PSO)获得时变系统参数估计的最优径向基函数(RBF)尺度.由于RBF具有良好的局部特性且尺度可以调整,采用RBF作为基函数可以更好地识别具有多种动态过程的时变系统参数.通过对时变系数包含多种波形的二阶时变自回归模型进行仿真辨识,与采用传统的递推最小二乘法和勒让德多项式作为基函数展开式方法相比,提出的方法对于时变系统参数具有更好的跟踪能力,验证了辨识方法的有效性. 相似文献
8.
M Dobrijevic J P Parisot I Dutour 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1995,16(2):105-108
Photochemistry of giant planets and their satellites is characterized by numerous reactions involving a lot of chemical species. In the present paper, chemical systems are modeled by signal flow graphs. Such a technique evaluates the transmission of any input into the system (solar flux, electrons ... ) and gives access to the identification of the most important mechanisms in the chemical system. This method is applied to the production of hydrocarbons in the atmospheres of giant planets. In particular, the production of C2H6 in the atmosphere of Neptune from the photodissociation of CH4 is investigated. Different pathways of dissociation of CH4 are possible from L alpha radiation. A chemical system containing 14 species and 30 reactions including these different pathways of dissociation is integrated. The main mechanism of production of C2H6 is identified and evaluated for each model of dissociation. The importance of various reaction pathways as a function of time is presented. 相似文献
9.
《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2005,35(4):636-642
The heliospheric magnetic field plays a key role in any model for the modulation of cosmic rays. It enters into all diffusion coefficients, and its magnitude, spatial gradient and direction determine drifts patterns of cosmic rays in the heliosphere. While the first axisymmetric model of E.N. Parker proved quite successful to explain in situ measurements in the ecliptic plane, new insight into the origin and the nature of the field, especially at high heliographic latitudes, has led to the development of complex fully-three-dimensional, time-dependent models. In this review, we discuss a selection of models for the heliospheric magnetic field, and discuss how some of the more recent Fisk-type models affect the modulation of cosmic rays. 相似文献
10.
Julian A.R. Rose Jenna R. Tong Damien J. Allain Cathryn N. Mitchell 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
Signals from Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites at the horizon or at low elevations are often excluded from a GPS solution because they experience considerable ionospheric delays and multipath effects. Their exclusion can degrade the overall satellite geometry for the calculations, resulting in greater errors; an effect known as the Dilution of Precision (DOP). In contrast, signals from high elevation satellites experience less ionospheric delays and multipath effects. The aim is to find a balance in the choice of elevation mask, to reduce the propagation delays and multipath whilst maintaining good satellite geometry, and to use tomography to correct for the ionosphere and thus improve single-frequency GPS timing accuracy. GPS data, collected from a global network of dual-frequency GPS receivers, have been used to produce four GPS timing solutions, each with a different ionospheric compensation technique. One solution uses a 4D tomographic algorithm, Multi-Instrument Data Analysis System (MIDAS), to compensate for the ionospheric delay. Maps of ionospheric electron density are produced and used to correct the single-frequency pseudorange observations. This method is compared to a dual-frequency solution and two other single-frequency solutions: one does not include any ionospheric compensation and the other uses the broadcast Klobuchar model. Data from the solar maximum year 2002 and October 2003 have been investigated to display results when the ionospheric delays are large and variable. The study focuses on Europe and results are produced for the chosen test site, VILL (Villafranca, Spain). The effects of excluding all of the GPS satellites below various elevation masks, ranging from 5° to 40°, on timing solutions for fixed (static) and mobile (moving) situations are presented. The greatest timing accuracies when using the fixed GPS receiver technique are obtained by using a 40° mask, rather than a 5° mask. The mobile GPS timing solutions are most accurate when satellites at lower elevations continue to be included: using a mask between 10° and 20°. MIDAS offers the most accurate and least variable single-frequency timing solution and accuracies to within 10 ns are achieved for fixed GPS receiver situations. Future improvements are anticipated by combining both GPS and Galileo data towards computing a timing solution. 相似文献