基于时频分析的雷达目标识别研究

基于时频分析的性质，提出了一种雷达目标识别方法。对雷达回波信号进行小波变换，得到目标回波信号的三维时频分布图和功率谱密度，从中提取目标的调制谱密度，根据最小贴近度识别算法进行目标识别。由实验结果看，利用此方法能够得到很高的识别率。     

基于多通道天线高分辨率星载SAR 实现方法研究

对基于多通道天线实现高分辨率星载SAR的方法进行了深入研究,建立了三通道天线SAR的回波信号模型,提出了一种回波处理方式,将单发三收模式下的回波数据转变为传统的单发单收模式下的回波数据,可用常规条带式成像方法进行成像处理.对采用多通道天线实现高分辨率星载SAR涉及到的脉冲重复频率PRF偏离问题进行了深入分析和研究,推导出PRF偏离造成的虚假目标的理论位置和虚假目标与真实目标的峰值功率比值,计算机仿真试验证明了上述内容的有效性.      

基于分层介质模型的HF雷达高度计火星回波仿真研究

火星次表层中的水探测是当前深空探测领域中的热门问题之一. 高频(HF)雷达高度计具有较强的穿透能力, 且能同时实现距离和功率测量, 是火星次表层探测的重要手段. 介绍了高频雷达高度计系统的原理和设计, 通过分析高度计电磁脉冲与多层光滑介质之间的相互作用, 得出其回波功 率随时间变化的模型, 并考虑了表面粗糙度对表面回波功率的影响. 选用典型的火星分层介质模型, 对其介电常数特性和高度计回波波形 进行了仿真. 仿真结果表明, 采用高频雷达高度计系统可实现对火星次表 层介电特性垂直廓线的反演, 对火星中水的识别具有重要 作用.      

82-92km高度范围大气湍流能量耗散率的一个个例研究

使用Chaff和落球火箭测量的垂直速度和温度数据研究湍流结构和它的产生.结果表明湍流存在多层桔构.在强湍流层,动力不稳定,和MST雷达回波功率间有好的相关,认为强湍流层和雷达回波与动力不稳定有关.水平速度垂直波数谱表明,观测谱与他和谱模式有极好的一致,认为强湍流层和雷达回波通过动力不稳定直接与重力波饱和相联系.      

高频返回散射回波频谱测量

本文采用脉冲多普勒雷达技术, 测量了电离层高频返回散射回波的时延-功率-多普勒频率的三维频谱图.对典型的频谱图作了分析, 并由谱图推算了电离层等效反射面的垂直运动速度, 它与垂直探测资料推算的结果相符.      

基于佳木斯雷达与北海道东雷达观测的F层不规则体回波发生率

利用佳木斯和北海道东高频相干散射雷达的观测数据，对2018年3月至2019年11月期间两部雷达观测到的F层高度的不规则体回波信号发生率的分布特征进行了对比分析。比较了在地磁平静期（Kp <3）和地磁扰动期（Kp> 3）的不规则体回波发生率变化特征，分析了回波发生率在昏侧与晨侧增强的现象和纬度变化特征。昏侧回波发生率增强现象在45°-64°MLAT范围内普遍存在，其中55°-64°MLAT的回波发生率在地磁扰动期明显增强。而晨侧回波发生率增强现象主要分布在45°-54°MLAT的地区，除了春秋分季外，地磁扰动的增强对其影响较弱。中纬日侧回波发生率受地磁活动影响较小。     

极区中层夏季回波与频率关系的初步分析

研究不同频率的雷达体在不同时间和地点测量的极区中层夏季回波(Polar Mesosphere Summer Echoes,PMSE)体反射率,发现雷达体反射率与工作频率的4次方成反比,即产生PMSE回波的散射体的雷达散射截面与频率的4次方成反比,这种频率依赖关系不同于传统湍流理论.最后提出了PMSE实验和理论研究的新方法.      

一种多目标跟踪数据处理器的设计

介绍了一种机载多目标跟踪数据处理器的实现算法．这个处理器是用专用数字信号处理芯片ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ３０实现的，其输入的观测数据是由雷达视频回波信号经过数据采集、信号检测和目标参数提取后得到的测量数据．在实验室环境下，当信噪比为３：１时，此数据处理器在１００ｋｍ距离处的滤波估计误差为５０ｍ，方位估计误差达到半功率波束度宽的．     

可变构型的控制力矩陀螺控制方法

针对固定构型的控制力矩陀螺群无法灵活改变其合成角动量包络以适应卫星不同工况的姿态机动需求问题,设计了一种可变构型的控制力矩陀螺群控制方法。建立了可变构型的控制力矩陀螺群的动力学模型;在考虑控制力矩陀螺群框架角速度、高速转子转速以及构型倾角变化速率等多变量下,设计了可变构型的控制力矩陀螺群的操纵律;分析了构型倾角固定和构型倾角可变情形下的控制力矩陀螺群合成角动量包络和奇异状态分布情况。采用可变构型的控制力矩陀螺群进行了卫星多工况姿态敏捷机动控制。数学仿真校验表明,可变构型的控制力矩陀螺控制方法能够实现金字塔构型下不同数目的控制力矩陀螺故障时的卫星三轴敏捷机动控制。     

一处多目标跟踪数据处理器的设计

介绍了一种机载多目标跟踪数据处理器的实现算法，这个处理器是用专用数字信号处理芯片ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ３０实现的，其输入的观测数据是由雷达视颇回波信号经过数据采集，信号检测和目标参数提取后得到的测量数据，在实验室环境下，当信噪比为３：１时，此数据处理器在１００ｋｍ距离处的滤波估计误差为５０ｍ，方位估计，误差达到半功率波束度宽的１／３０。     

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

Scaling analysis and model estimation of solar corona index

A monthly average solar green coronal index time series for the period from January 1939 to December 2008 collected from NOAA (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) has been analysed in this paper in perspective of scaling analysis and modelling. Smoothed and de-noising have been done using suitable mother wavelet as a pre-requisite. The Finite Variance Scaling Method (FVSM), Higuchi method, rescaled range (R/S) and a generalized method have been applied to calculate the scaling exponents and fractal dimensions of the time series. Autocorrelation function (ACF) is used to find autoregressive (AR) process and Partial autocorrelation function (PACF) has been used to get the order of AR model. Finally a best fit model has been proposed using Yule-Walker Method with supporting results of goodness of fit and wavelet spectrum. The results reveal an anti-persistent, Short Range Dependent (SRD), self-similar property with signatures of non-causality, non-stationarity and nonlinearity in the data series. The model shows the best fit to the data under observation.     

Learning in an immersive digital theater

The Houston Museum of Natural Science, in collaboration with Rice University has an outreach program taking portable digital theaters to schools and community sites for over five years and has conducted research on student learning in this immersive environment. By using an external independent evaluator, the effectiveness of NASA-funded Education and Public Outreach (EPO) projects can be assessed. This paper documents interactive techniques and learning strategies in full-dome digital theaters. The presentation is divided into Evaluation Strategies and Results and Interactivity Strategies and Results. All learners from grades 3–12 showed statistically significant short-term increase in knowledge of basic Earth science concepts after a single 22-min show. Improvements were more significant on items that were taught using more than one modality of instruction: hearing, seeing, discussion, and immersion. Thus immersive theater can be an effective as well as engaging teaching method for Earth and Space science concepts, particularly those that are intrinsically three-dimensional and thus most effectively taught in an immersive environment. The portable system allows taking the educational experience to rural and tribal sites where the underserved students could not afford the time or expense to travel to museums.     

Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results

In the frame of the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission a new sample preparation system (SPS) compatible with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the in situ analysis of complex organic molecules in the Martian soil. The goal is to detect, if they exist, some of the key compounds that play an important role in life on Earth including carboxylic acids, amino acids and nucleobases.     

基于LuGre模型的电液加载系统摩擦补偿

为了提高电液加载系统控制精度,针对摩擦问题提出了基于LuGre摩擦模型的前馈补偿方法.建立了用于摩擦仿真分析和补偿器设计的电液加载系统数学模型;通过实验获取并分析了相关的摩擦数据;基于实验数据进行LuGre模型参数辨识,把LuGre模型和辨识结果引入电液加载系统数学模型,并进行仿真结果与实际摩擦数据的对照,证明了LuGre摩擦模型的准确性.设计前馈补偿器,进行了实验对比,实验结果表明前馈补偿器可将摩擦产生的控制误差有效地降至未补偿时的30%左右.      

CoRoT and Kepler results: Solar-like oscillators

The space-borne observatories CoRoT (Convection Rotation and planetary Transits) and Kepler have provided photometric time series data of unprecedented precision for large numbers of stars. These data have revolutionized the fields of transiting exoplanets and asteroseismology. In this review some important asteroseismic results obtained using data from the CoRoT and Kepler space missions concerning stars that show solar-like oscillations are discussed. These results comprise, among others, measurements of the location of the base of the convection zone and helium second-ionization zone in main-sequence stars, the presence (or not) of core-helium burning in red-giant stars, as well as differential rotation in these stars.     

Radioactivity of the Moon and planets

In this report the main results of the study of radioactivity of the solar sistem bodies are considered. The radioactivity of the Moon and planets was measured by means of vehicles in situ. The radioactivity of the lunar samples, brought to the Earth was studied with laboratory equipment.     

Return to Europa: Overview of the Jupiter Europa orbiter mission

Missions to explore Europa have been imagined ever since the Voyager mission first suggested that Europa was geologically very young. Subsequently, the Galileo spacecraft supplied fascinating new insights into this satellite of Jupiter. Now, an international team is proposing a return to the Jupiter system and Europa with the Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Currently, NASA and ESA are designing two orbiters that would explore the Jovian system and then each would settle into orbit around one of Jupiter’s icy satellites, Europa and Ganymede. In addition, the Japanese Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) is considering a Jupiter magnetospheric orbiter and the Russian Space Agency is investigating a Europa lander.     

基于最小值原理的冗余度机器人动力学控制

为了解冗余度机器人全局法优化中数值求解的困难,本文讨论了动力学方程的建立,无约束和有约束最优控制问题之间的内在联系,重点分析了求解最优控制问题的数值方法,文中提出了双向异步积分迭代的求解正则方程组的直接迭代法,较好解决了状态方程和协态方程稳定相逆给求解两点这值问题带来的困难。     

基于GPS载波相位的微卫星姿态算法研究

GPS姿态系统是利用GPS载波相位测量来确定载体的航向和姿态角。本文对微卫星的GPS姿态系统进行了研究。重点解决短基线的GPS状态算法，讨论了姿态价格函数的了小化方法。测试结果表明，所提的算法对小于1m的基线是有效的。