Open systems-a process for achieving affordability [in avionicssystems]

A major factor that will drive the definition and design of future avionics systems is affordability. Affordability is being addressed on numerous fronts such as hardware re-use, software re-use, COTS leveraging, and reduced cycle times. Each of these thrusts provide potential cost savings along with unique challenges. What is needed is a process that integrates these initiatives while ensuring the overall system objectives are achieved. An Open Systems-based process is key to integrating these initiatives and balancing affordability and system performance goals. Although Open Systems are being widely recognized as a key to affordability, most interpret Open Systems as a set of system attributes that need to be achieved. There are numerous claims of vendors saying they have an Open Systems architecture or how their system will evolve to an Open Systems architecture. This emphasis is not on increasing affordability but on attaching a politically correct label to their product. In this paper, we focus on the Open Systems process as the key to affordability. An Open Systems process is based on Open Systems principles. This paper discusses the Open Systems principles and process in detail and shows how this process integrates numerous affordability initiatives     

Open Systems: a process for achieving affordability

A major factor that will drive the definition and design of future avionics systems is affordability. Affordability is being addressed on numerous fronts such as hardware re-use, software re-use, COTS leveraging, and reduced cycle times. Each of these thrusts provide potential cost saving along with unique challenges. What is needed is a process that integrates these initiatives while ensuring the overall system objectives are achieved. An Open Systems-based process is key to integrating these initiatives and balancing affordability and system performance goals. Although Open Systems are being widely recognized as a key to affordability, most interpret Open Systems as a set of system attributes that need to be achieved. There are numerous claims of vendors saying they have an Open Systems architecture; or how their system will evolve to an Open Systems architecture. This emphasis is not on increasing affordability, but on attaching a politically-correct label to their product. In this paper, we focus on the Open Systems process as the key to affordability. An Open Systems process is based on Open Systems principles. This paper discusses the Open Systems principles and process in detail and shows how this process integrates numerous affordability initiatives     

某型飞机发射装置自动测试系统的设计与实现

介绍了基于MCS51系列单片机AT89C51架构的某型飞机发射装置自动测试系统的设计与实现,系统电路中采用了强电信号隔离电路、抗干扰电路等关键电路,分析了测试系统的硬件电路和软件设计.并给出了控制程序流程图.     

Bridging the gap between ATLAS and C: an open-systems approach toTPS re-host

As the DoD focuses on commercialization and open-architecture standards, the need to migrate existing TPSs from proprietary ATLAS-based platforms to an Open Systems platform becomes more critical. This paper will focus on a solution which leverages COTS software tools and emerging industry standards and technologies to implement object-oriented database tools which enable the conversion of an ATLAS TPS to an ANSI C environment     

Operating System Reliability for the Navy Advanced Avionic Digital Computer

This paper discusses reliability aspects of a modular multiprocessor currently under development by the Naval Air Systems Command. The operating system, or executive, of this computer may be implemented in various ways. These include a totally software "floating executive," one dedicated to a specific processor, or an executive consisting of special-purpose hardware. The objections to hardware executives, especially for avionic applications, include a supposed degradation in system reliability. This paper shows that under certain conditions this degradation need not occur.     

机场场面运行控制仿真软件开发及关键技术

针对飞行区场面运行控制仿真的需求,在Anylogic仿真平台上设计和开发了基于Petri网的飞行区场面运行控制仿真软件,并用于实现A-SMGCS冲突监控算法。通过分析基于Petri网的场面运行建模与控制仿真需求,确定了软件的功能目标和体系结构。研究了软件实现和开发中的几个关键技术问题,如Petri网模型基本类的设计、面向闭环控制的Petri网模型扩展定义、开环和闭环场面运行Petri网模型的仿真算法设计。某机场飞行区的场面运行控制仿真表明,软件可以完成场面运行的闭环控制仿真,支持实现冲突监控算法。     

整体最小二乘法在某型液压测量设备中的应用

某型飞机液压系统压力测量设备中,液压传感器在原理上存在非线性因素,制造过程中随机误差较大。在对传感器输出的差分信号进行整形放大的过程中,使用了非线性放大电路,另外,电路中的放大器和电阻等器件均存在随机误差,导致该液压系统压力测量设备的输入和输出之间没有显式的函数关系表达式。研究采用整体最小二乘法对输入和输出进行曲线拟合,将测量过程中原理性的非线性因素和所有器件的误差均作为一个黑箱因素处理,不需对其进行精确测量,由整体最小二乘法进行曲线拟合,硬件设计和软件编程两个方面都容易实现。     

The J-MASS Marketplace: a new way for DoD to do business

It is current DoD policy to use commercial off-the-shelf software whenever it meets DoD requirements. The application of this policy to modeling and simulation has resulted in the concept of “The Joint Modeling and Simulation System (J-MASS) Marketplace.” J-MASS is designed as an Open Systems Architecture with the capability for the Simulation Support Environment (SSE) to be expanded by the addition of site specific software. In the “J-MASS Marketplace” industry will build commercial tools to work with J-MASS and individual organizations will license what they need for their particular site. The J-MASS SSE is a framework or backplane into which everything else plugs. A J-MASS product release would have the core capabilities, but the unique needs of various organizations would be satisfied by industry. This paper addresses how the J-MASS Marketplace could work and how compliance can be defined. It will outline opportunities for industry in both building software for the Marketplace and in defining the Marketplace concept     

Open systems architecture for integrated RF electronics

The Integrated Sensor System (ISS) program is defining an Open System Architecture (OSA) for Radio Frequency (RF) electronics, which represent the largest portion of an advanced aircraft's avionics flyaway cost. An integrated architecture is used to reduce costs in a number of ways, including time-sharing, centralization of resources, and reduction of the number of unique module types. The OSA approach extends these cost reductions by simplifying technology insertion, using well-understood standards, and increasing use of commercial hardware and software. This paper describes interim results. The work was funded by the Open Systems Joint Task Force (OS-JTF)     

嵌入式电力控制系统中监控子系统的设计与实现

随着计算机软、硬件技术的发展，嵌入式系统在工业控制中的应用越来越广，嵌入式系统与监控软件的结合己成为工业控制领域发展的必然趋势。该系统是嵌入式电力控制系统中的一个监控子系统，系统基于组件开发，可以实现地、市级调度自动化系统、110kV及以下电压等级变电站自动化系统和10KV（35KV）及以下发电厂用电、楼宇自动化、工矿企业配电房等的中低压配电自动化系统功能。主要从硬件及软件技术方面论述了监控系统在电力自动化控制方面的应用．阐述嵌入式电力控制系统中监控子系统的核心设计与实现。     

非相似余度飞控计算机

从容错的角度介绍了Boeing777和A320的数字飞行控制计算机系统。Boeing777和A320的飞控计算机都采用了非相似的余度技术,能容忍软件和硬件的共态故障,但在每个计算机的功能分配和整个飞控计算机系统的余度结构编排等方面体现了各自的特点。用广义随机Petri网描述了Boeing777余度结构和容错动态过程,并进行了系统的可靠性计算和容错度分析。针对中国"大型飞机"容错飞控系统的设计作了分析和建议。     

What is systems engineering?

There are probably more definitions of “Systems Engineering” than there are AESS members. In its simplest form systems engineering is the design of the whole as opposed to the design of the parts. The vast number, complexity and diversity of elements can overwhelm and degrade system performance and reliability. Embedded processing and software can be both a boon and a bane. A systems engineer analyzes and optimizes an ensemble of elements that relate to the flow of energy, mass and communications into a design that performs the desired function. “Systems engineering” is used herein to cover a very broad spectrum of processes and controls to engineer a product at the many levels required to satisfy all aspects of the original requirement. Our definition is not intended to either include or exclude systems engineering and integration as used in the computer field. In any case, systems engineering is the application of solid engineering principles to design and develop a large enterprise within cost and schedule to satisfy the needs of the ultimate user. It involves conceptualization, design, development, test, implementation, approval/certification and operation (including human factors) of a system. In essence, systems engineering is a problem-solving discipline for the modern world     

Evaluation of three ATE test environments

It is often difficult to assess the positive and negative issues facing the use of a particular software test environment in a given application. Much of the literature is swayed by the use of each environment by a single application. This paper will provide detailed information on ARGO Systems evaluation of three popular ATE Test Environments: the Ada Based Environment for Testing (ABET), the TYX PAWS ATLAS test environment and the National Instruments LabVIEW graphical test environment. This evaluation was accomplished by comparing the same test program measurements in each environment using the same UUT, interface test adapter, and the same PC-based ATE. As such, the data represents a true apples-to-apples comparison of these environments     

Software replacement of test module adapters for depot instrumentation due to obsolescence

Depot-level automatic test equipment has been used over the years by various facets of both the government and commercial industry. Over time, the instrumentation used in the depot will need to be repaired or replaced and, oftentimes, the older instruments are no longer serviceable or manufactured. This paper discusses how to replace the obsolete instrument and its associated hardware. Test module adapter with a software module and driver that allows compatibility between the original test executive and the modern instrument without re-hosting existing test program sets. Systems & Electronics, Inc. has implemented this procedure for a digitizer and precision DC power supply on a depot that utilizes the IEEE-488 general purpose interface bus (GPIB) for communication between the control computer and instrumentation.     

CCSDS命令与数据获取业务应用分析

针对传统星载数据管理系统应用层与数据访问层耦合度高,应用软件进行设备访问时须了解底层硬件细节、软件复用率低等问题,研究了CCSDS(Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems,空间数据系统咨询委员会)制定的CDAS(Command and Data Acquisition Service,命令与数据获取业务)的功能、特点及其工作原理,结合新一代综合电子系统的硬件模块功能特点,深入分析了如何在综合电子系统中实现CDAS.CDAS已在某预研课题综合电子样机中应用,测试试验表明,CDAS应用于综合电子系统可以为上层应用提供便捷的设备访问服务,为综合电子系统实现任务规划等复杂功能提供有力的技术保障.     

The Development of Systems Engineering

Systems engineering is described as the design of the whole as distinguished from the design of the parts. Systems engineers create the architecture of the system, define the criteria for its evaluation, and perform tradeoff studies for optimization of the subsystem characteristics. In addition to their own brains, the principal tool of systems engineers is the computer. Systems engineering has evolved during a long series of major developments, in particular the intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) program. The major growth of systems engineering is expected to be in the improvement of its tools and in the enlargement of the range of problems to which it is applied.     

General Aviation Aircraft Flight Operations Quality Assurance: Overcoming the Obstacles

This describes the initiative to introduce a capable yet affordable Flight Operations Quality Assurance (FOQA) program into the general aviation industry. A brief overview of the FOQA concept is given along with a historical perspective to the evolution of such programs. Initial development of a FOQA program for general aviation by the Center for Sensors and Sensor Systems at Saint Louis University is introduced herein. A brief discussion of the obstacles in developing such a system is presented, as well as strategies for overcoming these obstacles. The system consists mainly of a quick access recorder (QAR) that is conceived to be a stand-alone, non-intrusive system that collects parametric flight data, a preprocessor system to analyze initial data sets and validate their use, and post-processor software used in the analysis of available flight parameters. The program concepts are presented for initial determination of the needs and possibilities, and examples are presented along with flight data collected in the University's fleet of aircraft.     

计算飞行力学的产生和发展

综述了计算飞行力学的产生背景、问题表述、理论框架和飞行力学的计算系统,以及计算飞行力学在未来飞行器研制和应用研究中的重要意义。     

Conference report - 15t1h saint petersburg international conference on integrated navigation systems

The 15th Saint Petersburg International Conference on Integrated Navigation Systems was held by the Scientific Research Center of Russia - CSRI Elektropribor - co-sponsored by the Scientific Council of the Russian Academy of Sciences on Motion Control and Navigation Problems, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the International Public Association - the Academy of Navigation and Motion Control, the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (USA), L'Association AMronautique et Astronautique de France, L'institut Franqais de Navigation, and the German Institute of Navigation. Conference topics included: Integrated Systems, Satellite Systems, Inertial Systems, and Sensors.