基于资源共享的分布式机载软件测试系统设计

随着装备软件系统的发展,越来越多的硬件功能软件化,装备软件的发展朝着高综合、高集成、一体化的趋势发展。目前航空航天装备软件中,嵌入式软件占据主导地位,相较通用计算机软件,嵌入式软件的测试具有面向特定应用,有实时操作系统支持,运行芯片和平台较为固定,并且需要特定的数字总线资源进行数据注入等特点。尤其对于复杂的,高度综合化模块架构的嵌入式软件系统软件测试,对于测试和验证系统的要求也越来越高,数据采集、数据记录、数据激励、数据监控、数据分析等各种测试和验证系统的需求也使得综合化软件测试验证系统结构越来越复杂,基于分布式架构的软件测试系统已经成为必然趋势。结合嵌入式综合化软件测试系统的功能要求以及测试系统的特点,提出了一种基于对等架构下的分布式测试系统设计,该设计不仅能够满足嵌入式软件运行平台规模的扩展,也能够在分布式架构下实现软件运行平台内部资源的共享。     

基于自组织神经网络的软件功能测试数据自动生成

针对面向软件功能的测试数据自动生成问题,提出了一种动态自组织特征映射方法,用于生成揭示软件功能故障的测试数据(简称故障数据)。该方法主要有两部分组成,①采用具有全局多峰搜索特性的小生境遗传算法,在输入空间内搜索功能测试数据,生成少量的初始故障数据;②由初始故障数据,采用具有联想和分类能力的可变结构自组织特征映射,不断迭代生成大量相近而不同的故障数据,以便给开发者提供引发这些软件故障的信息,从而确定软件故障行为的模式或假设。用某型空空导弹发射控制软件进行了实验,运行结果表明了方法的有效性,故障数据生成效率高于遗传算法和随机法。     

Is information security an oxymoron?

Although weaknesses have been demonstrated in some security techniques (encryption, protocols, mobile code such as Java, etc.), current security technology is quite strong in many areas. Despite this, information security has proved difficult to achieve in large modern software systems. Many problems have been reported in which supposedly secure systems have been penetrated and, in some cases, significant damage done. One problem considered is a buffer-overrun attack. The idea called a 〈wrapper〉 which is a layer of software that logically surrounds a software artifact and enhances the functionality of the artifact in some way, is then discussed. Most proposals for the use of wrappers assume that their presence is transparent to the artifact being wrapped. In other words, the artifact sees its operating environment as unchanged and the artifact does not have to be modified in i order to permit it to be wrapped. Wrappers have been proposed as an approach to dealing with deficiencies in existing systems, deficiencies in security for example. The use of shells as a feasible solution to the problem of security is also considered     

重视软件测试,提高软件的质量和可靠性水平

从提高软件质量的重要性出发,简要介绍了软件测试的目的和原则,分析了当前智能设备应用软件在开发、管理和测试方面存在的主要问题以及重视软件测试,提高软件质量和可靠性水平应采取的措施。     

WEB化公文管理制作系统中数据库技术的研究与应用

数据库是当前软件应用系统的重要组成部分,如何使基于数据库的应用系统安全、可靠、高效地运行一直是软件开发技术研究的难题。DocMan公文管理系统中采用的数据库技术,从数据库的选择、设计、查询优化及安全控制等方面进行了研究与应用,解决了系统跨多数据库管理系统、负载均衡等方面的问题,大大提高了系统的安全性、可靠性和高效性。     

Instrumentation for Air Quality Measurements

In the past several years growing emphasis on the environment has generated a minor revolution in the field of air quality instrumentation. New instruments have been appearing steadily and will no doubt continue to do so in the near future. While this new generation of instrumentation is being field tested, refined, and applied to air quality measurement problems, development of more sensitive and versatile techniques continues. This paper gives an overview of the new generation of air quality monitoring instruments, comparing them with some more traditional methods.     

高阶辐射换热有限元算法研究

随着航空航天技术的发展,飞行器热结构所需承受的温度越来越高,辐射换热变得非常重要;当前大部分商业软件对于辐射问题的有限元计算方法还是基于一致表面温度和辐射热流假设,使得计算精度和网格密度的矛盾越来越严重.进行了选用高阶单元、采用高斯积分精确计算单元表面变辐射热流方法的研究,从而摆脱了一致表面温度和辐射热流的假设,使得在相同网格密度的情况下计算精度大大提高;同时,从包含辐射换热问题的有限元计算方程出发,采用与有限元数值计算时相同的积分方案,只在独立的积分点处计算辐射热流,克服了积分方法计算效率低的缺点.经与ANSYS的计算结果对比,应用辐射热流积分方法于高阶单元能大大提高计算精度;并且在相同计算精度条件下,此方法的计算效率更高,具有一定的实用价值.     

Designing a parallel, distributed test system

The increasing use of parallel architectures and networking technologies has enabled test systems to break free from their traditional structure. Today's systems run multiple parallel tasks, distribute testing among many computers, and publish live data through the Internet to achieve faster performance, better reliability, and increased connectivity with enterprise-wide systems. Specifically, software technologies and techniques will be examined for developing and running parallel, distributed automated tests and distributing test data between applications or across the Internet. If used correctly, the result of these techniques is a higher performance, more robust test system. In addition, we will examine technologies that make creating these parallel, distributed systems possible for not only the advanced test program developer, but also the novice user     

软件复用在航空嵌入式软件测试中的应用研究

伴随航空嵌入式软件市场近些年不断动荡与激烈竞争的局面,商业化的第三方软件测试正面临质量、进度、开发效率等急待解决的问题,而软件复用技术是解决这些问题的有效手段。首先对软件复用的概念、理论和方法进行了论述,而后对航空嵌入式软件测试领域进行了深入分析,指出了其中复用的可行性。在此基础上,提出了面向航空嵌入式软件测试的过程复用、产品复用、测试程序产品线方法。最后,结合具体工程实践指出所提出方法在使用中的剪裁及推广。     

基于并行工程的航空嵌入式软件测试过程研究

航空嵌入式软件市场不断动荡与激烈竞争的局面对航空嵌入式软件测试提出了新的挑战,商业化的第三方软件测试面临着质量、进度、成本等问题,而良好的软件过程与持续的过程改进是解决这些问题的一个途径。从对并行工程的研究入手,将并行工程的方法运用到航空嵌入式软件测试实践中,寻求基于并行工程的航空嵌入式软件测试过程,用于解决以上问题。     

软件测试的控制论方法

 软件测试被认为是软件开发过程中理解最为不清的一环。部分原因是虽然有很多策略被定义和分析,但很少有策略被设计和优化。软件测试的反馈机制迄今尚未形成。基于此种情况,软件测试的控制论方法将软件测试问题当作控制问题,被测软件当作被控对象,软件测试策略当作相应的控制器,被测软件和测试策略构成一个闭环反馈控制系统。软件控制论是一门探讨软件理论和工程与控制理论和工程交叉的学科,软件测试的受控马尔可夫链方法利用受控马尔可夫链理论设计和优化软件测试策略,是软件控制论思想的体现。在受控马尔可夫链方法的框架内讨论软件系统的自适应测试,并与随机测试进行比较,发现自适应测试方法相对于传统的随机测试方法具有较大的优越性。     

教育产业化之我见

随着我国加入世界贸易组织，教育作为一种服务向世界开放，国外很多教育机构看中了我国庞大的教育市场，并积极努力在我国投资办学，教育产业化成了一个热门话题。教育产业化及其引发的各种社会问题引起广大社会学者、教育家及经济学家的高度重视，从经济学和社会学的角度对教育产业化的利弊得失进行分析和探讨，在教育产业化的大趋势下，正确理解教育产业化，走出教育产业化的误区，促进教育产业化的良性发展，是教育兴国的大计。     

Computerized Medical Devices: Trends, Problems, and Safety

Virtually all of the medical devices utilizing electronics will contain a micro or minicomputer by 1990. These devices accounted for $7 billion in U.S. sales in 1984. Their capabilities can provide the means for new or greatly improved medical procedures, and ensure greater patient safety. However, these benefits can easily be compromised if ``computer safety' is not practiced in the design, manufacturing, testing and clinical use of these devices. Along with a trend to wider usage, the number of recalls of medical devices due to computer-related problems has approximately doubled in the last five years. ``Computer-caused' problems are often not recognized or reported as such, resulting in an underestimation of the prevalence of this type of problem. Our study of technical factors causing problems in computerized devices revealed that software quality assurance (SQA), the quality of the ac power, and electromagnetic interference are primary factors. Selected design and QA techniques that are well-known in military-aerospace industries can be used to prevent the most prevalent problems occurring in computerized medical devices, without significantly affecting overall device manufacturing costs.     

TDMS for aviation software

Quality assurance and testing phase is one of the most crucial phases in the life cycle of computer software. Most aviation software, due to the possible life-threatening consequences of failures, is subjected to intense testing. Frequently, this results in generation of enormous unorganized raw data files. Such data needs to be further processed and analyzed to get a meaningful insight into potential problem areas with the software. In this paper, we present the results of our study on designing and implementing a test management system specifically designed for testing aviation software. The paper has three major contributions. First, we present a survey of existing work. Second, we discuss the design for a test data management system, TDMS. Finally, we discuss some implementation issues encountered during the TDMS development.     

VSI plug 'n pray

VXI has grown substantially in applications from testing in the lab to field support of weapon systems. While the hardware interfaces have been well defined for some time, the software is still struggling. Industry hype infers that integrating VXI resources is just a “plug and play” affair that anyone should be able to do. This paper explores some of the pitfalls of integrating VXI resources from different (and sometimes the same) suppliers that make this more challenging than you might think     

无人机飞控软件测试方法研究

飞控软件是无人机飞行控制系统的控制神经中枢,对无人机飞控软件进行有效的测试是保证飞控系统质量的重要手段.根据某型无人机飞控软件及其开发特点,提出一种与软件开发过程同步的、基于多个测试环境的软件测试模型,重点阐述该模型涉及的单元和配置项测试方法.测试结果表明,提出的测试模型,测试工作能有效地发现无人机飞控软件在不同开发阶段引入的不同类型的软件缺陷,有效地保障了无人机飞控软件的安全性、可靠性和质量.     

Printed circuit board diagnosis using artificial neural networksand circuit magnetic fields

Testing of electronic systems using conventional testing methods has become more difficult and costly as these systems have become more complex and compact. Conventional testing methods and systems often require lengthy analysis to define testing strategies. These test systems may require lengthy test periods, complex stimulus and measurement instrumentation as well as complicated fixturing. The results are often ambiguous and require further interpretation. This paper presents an exploration of a “non-intrusive” test method based on interpreting changes in the magnetic field close to a Printed Circuit Board (PCB). Currents moving between devices on the PCB produce these magnetic fields. Changes of the PCB operational status due to faults cause changes in the associated magnetic field pattern that can be interpreted by Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for fault identification. An apparatus to collect magnetic field measurements is described along with some problems of collecting data. Typical magnetic field patterns for “known-good” and faulted PCBs are presented. Possible extensions of the method are discussed. This paper resulted from internally funded work at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) concerning non-intrusive diagnostic techniques     

辽宁省旅游经济结构及优化调整思路研究

辽宁省旅游业发展至令已经取得了可喜的成绩，但是在经济结构方面还存在一些问题，有待进一步调整和优化，从广义的经济结构角度出发，从旅游企业组织结构、旅游产品结构、旅游产业结构和区域结构四个方面，提出辽宁省旅游经济结构优化调整的思路。     

论城镇化与农业现代化的相互作用

城镇化与农业现代化是工业化的两个方面.从产业的意义上说,城镇化与农业现代化的相互作用,本质上就是第二、三产业的发展与第一产业现代化相互影响的关系.它们是相互依存、互为条件的,但也是此消彼长的矛盾关系.要保证两者的协调发展,就需要政府的参与,以避免两者的不同步,消除两者之间的矛盾.     

黑盒测试技术方法在大气数据计算机软件测试中的应用

软件测试是保证软件产品质量的一个重要手段,其中测试用例的设计是软件测试的关键。以大气数据计算机软件测试为例,详细介绍了软件黑盒测试的几种方法,用黑盒测试技术来设计切实可行的测试用例。实践证明,应用黑盒测试技术在大气数据计算机软件测试中设计测试用例,提高了测试效率,发现了软件问题,取得了较好的效果。