非晶态（Fe0.5Ni0.5）80—xCrxP14B6合金薄带的磁谱的研究

以阻抗电桥法对非晶态(Fe_(0.5)Ni_(0.5))_(80-z)Cr_zP_(14)B_6(x=0,1,2,3,4,6,10)合金薄带的淬态和等温退火后样品的磁谱进行了测量。结果表明:退火后相对起始磁导宰μ_(?)提高了3.6～6倍,截止频率f_c下降,磁损耗μ_2的磁谱出现了共振峰。同时,等温退火处理对各样品相对起始磁导率的影响比改变Cr元素含量x要大得多。     

非晶态(Fe_(0.5)Ni_(0.5))_(80-x)Cr_xP_(14)B_6合金薄带的磁场敏感特性的研究

本文对非晶态(Fe_(0.5)Ni_(0.5))_(80-x)Cr_xP_(14)B_6(x=0,1,2,3,4,6,10)合金薄带样品的室温直流磁场敏感特性进行了测量。结果表明,在几十个A/m范围的外磁场内,样品具有开关型磁场敏感特性。对影响开关特性的三个因素进行了一些讨论。     

非晶态Co-T-Zr(T=Cr,Mo,V,W)合金作为磁强计磁芯材料的研究

以快淬法制备了非晶态Co_(90～x)T_xZr_(10)(T=Cr,Mo,V,W;x=0,4,6,8,10,12)合金系列样品,并对其一些热和磁性能进行了测试研究,探讨了它们在磁强计上应用的可能性。结果表明,随着样品中T元素含量的增加,样品的晶化温度和晶化激活能升高,饱和磁化强度和居里温度下降,交流磁导率变化不大。退火处理对交流磁导率和损耗有较大影响。以现有理论对实验结果进行了分析。非晶态Co_(78)Cr_(12)Zr_(10)合金适于用作磁强计探头的磁芯材料,尤其是它良好的高频性能使磁强计测量的交流磁场的截止频率大干20kHz。     

SmCox-0.4Ti0.4合金薄带的相结构和磁性能

SmCo_x-0.4Ti_0.4(x=5.0, 5.5, 6.5, 7.0)合金经42m/s速度甩带快速凝固制成薄带,在真空热处理炉中,进行750℃两小时热处理.对制得的甩带状态和热处理状态合金薄带分别测试其相结构和磁性能.结果表明:SmCo_x-0.4Ti_0.4合金甩带状态样品相结构随Co含量的不同而变化,其中x=5.0,5.5和6.5的合金样品由2∶ 17和1∶ 5两相结构组成;x=7.0成分样品由1∶ 7单相结构组成.甩带状态样品的比饱和磁化强度和比剩余磁化强度基本上线性增加,内禀矫顽力在合金成分为x=5.0时出现最大值,为1.01T.薄带样品热处理前后均具有纳米晶结构,表现出剩磁增强效应.样品矫顽力机制主要为形核型,反磁化形核场主要来源于SmCo硬磁相大的磁晶各向异性及其纳米晶结构.热处理后,除x=7.0样品外,其余样品矫顽力均有所下降.     

非晶态铁镍铬磷硼合金磁致伸缩的研究

本文分别以张力冲击法和应变电阻法对非晶态(Fe_(50)Ni_(50))_(80-z)Cr_xP_(14)B_6合金(x=0,1,2,3,4,6,10)薄带的室温饱和磁致伸缩系数进行了测量;测量结果表明,Cr元素的加入,使样品的λ_(?)有所减少;并对结果进行了讨论。     

电化学浸渍液乙醇中铜铁镁含量的测试技术

运用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法进行电化学浸渍液乙醇中铜、铁、镁含量的连续测试。介绍了铜、铁、镁最佳测定条件及呈良好线性范围的浓度。同时对样品消化处理条件及在测定中样品的干扰因素进行了综合考虑,该方法具有很好的灵敏度、很好的复现性。同时具有方法步骤简单、操作容易掌握等特点,对样品铜、铁、镁含量的连续测试,其相对标准偏差均小于1.0％(n=10);标准加入回收率均在97.0％-102.0％(n=6)范围内。     

广义特征值问题的一些推广

通常的矩阵特征值问题是求使方程 Ax=λx 有非零解x的标量λ,而广义特征值是当A、B为实对称阵且B正定时,求使方程 Ax=λBx 有非零解x的标量λ。如果将A、B的对称性及B的正定性条件去掉,考虑一般矩阵A、B的广义特征值,问题就变得复杂多了。例如,特征值可能不存在,也可能是整个有限复平面。其次,不同特征值可能有线性相关的特征向量。还有,当|B|(?)时,广义特征值问题固然可以化为通常特征值问题: B~(-1)Ax=λx, 但当|A|(?)0时,广义特征值问题却不一定可以化为通常特征值问题: λ~(-1)x=A~(-1)Bx 上述种种现象,通常特征值问题中是没有的。本文在一般矩阵A、B的条件下将原广义特征值问题中的一些结论进行推广,给出了计算特征值的一个途径。另外我们得到了一个关于特征值的存在性定理。最后,分析了特征值与特征向量的关系。     

环氧共混树脂的光固化及其表面化学反应

研究了双酚A型环氧树脂与有机硅环氧树脂紫外光辐照共混改性的工艺条件,并采用扫描电镜和X射线光电子能谱等分析手段对树脂改性效果和表面的物理和化学变化进行了研究.结果表明,采用二苯基碘鎓六氟磷酸盐为光引发剂,当质量分数为5％时,随着E-44含量的增加,共混树脂体系的光固化速度加快.当两者质量比为1∶ 2时,经15min的紫外光辐照后,共混树脂体系的凝胶率可达93％.X射线光电子能谱分析结果表明,在光固化的同时,试样的表面被紫外光辐照时产生的臭氧和原子氧部分氧化,转化为一层含C的氧化硅(SiO _{x )膜.}      

D_(st)指数和AE指数的相关关系

本文对1972年7月至1974年12月的D~(st)指数和AE指数(时均值)作了初步的统计分析。每半年的资料所得到的相关系数在0.5到0.6之间。当地磁场扰动程度增大时,即D~(st)指数的值减小时,相关系数的值减小。因为D~(st)指数主要反映赤道环电流的强度,AE指数主要反映极光带电急流的强度,因此这两个指数间的关系有可能反映这两个电流体系之间的关系。行星际磁场的南北分量Bz对这种关系没有明显的影响。     

关于双曲型偏微分方程u_xy=f(X,y,u)的唯一性

本文给出双曲型偏微分方程的特征边值问题 u_xy=f(x,y,u), u(x,O)=σ(x), O≤x≤a, u(O,y)=T(y), O≤y≤b, 在R=[O,a]×[O,b]上的解u=u(x,y)的唯一性定理。     

Monte Carlo calibration of the response of the University of Chicago’s Cosmic Ray Nuclei Experiment (CRNE) on IMP-8 to electrons above 0.5 MeV

Modern instrument-simulation techniques offer the possibility of increasing the scientific yield from archival space datasets. In this paper, we report on a simulation of the electron response of the University of Chicago’s Cosmic Ray Nuclei Experiment (CRNE) instrument on the IMP-8 satellite. IMP-8/CRNE returned data from 1973 to 2006. The CRNE particle telescope was designed to measure the isotopic composition of Galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) nuclei and has also been used in many studies of protons and ions above 10 MeV/nucleon from solar energetic particle (SEP) events. But CRNE also functions as a highly-capable detector for solar electrons above 0.5 MeV, an energy range that has not been extensively studied. Utilization of the CRNE electron data has heretofore been limited by the fact that CRNE was never calibrated for electrons. We have therefore used the GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation package to model the CRNE response to electrons and (separately) protons for multiple energies and incident angles. The results were used to compute the energy- and angle-dependence of the effective area and the energy-dependence of the geometric factor. The response to protons, which was already well understood, was used to verify the mass model, the simulation settings, and the post-processing software. Our simulation of the IMP-8/CRNE electron response now allows analysis of hundreds of relativistic solar electron events observed by CRNE over the years, including studies of evolution of electron energy spectra with high time resolution. We show examples of these results and briefly discuss potential applications to future scientific investigations.     

Bi_(1.9)Pb_(0.3)Sr_(2.0)Ca_(1.7)Mg_(0.3)Cu_(3.1)O_x 超导块材弱连接区的低磁场性

通过对在不同外磁场下Ｂｉ１．９Ｐｂ０．３Ｓｒ２．０Ｃａ１．７Ｍｇ０．３Ｃｕ３．１Ｏｘ超导块材的交流磁化率的测量，获得了样品内晶粒间和晶粒内对外场的不问响应范围．通过与粉状样品实验结果的比较和Ｘ光分析，认为块状样品在温度为１００Ｋ左右出现的抗磁台阶是样品内晶粒间超导弱连接的一种抗磁效应．对弱连接区有效钉扎力Ｆｐ和临界电流密度Ｊｃ与外场Ｈ的关系进行了讨论．     

Multiwavelength spectral models for SNR G347.3-0.5 from non-linear shock acceleration

The remnant G347.3-0.5 exhibits strong shell emission in the radio and X-ray bands, and has a purported detection in the TeV gamma-ray band by the CANGAROO-II telescope. The CANGAROO results were touted as evidence for the production of cosmic ray ions, a claim that has proven controversial due to constraining fluxes associated with a proximate unidentified EGRET source 3EG J1714-3857. HESS has now seen this source in the TeV band. The complex environment of the remnant renders modeling of its broadband spectrum sensitive to assumptions concerning the nature and parameters of the circumremnant medium. This paper explores a sampling of reasonable possibilities for multiwavelength spectral predictions from this source, using a non-linear model of diffusive particle acceleration at the shocked shell. The magnetic field strength, shell size and degree of particle cross-field diffusion act as variables to which the radio to X-ray to gamma-ray signal is sensitive. The modeling of the extant data constrains these variables, and the potential impact of the recent HESS detection on such parameters is addressed. Putative pion decay signals in hard gamma-rays resulting from hadronic interactions in dense molecular clouds are briefly discussed; the requisite suppression of the GeV component needed to accommodate the 3EG J1714-3857 EGRET data provides potential bounds on the diffusive distance from the shell to the proximate clouds.     

我国首批0.5米级商业高分辨率遥感卫星高景－1年底发射

2016年,中国航天发射进入了高峰期,完成了不少重大航天任务。时至年末收官之际,中国航天的热度仍未消退,又相继发射多颗影响力较大的卫星。12月下旬,我国即将以“一箭双星”方式发射首批具有全球竞争力的商业遥感卫星高景－1;另外,我国还将发射“全球二氧化碳监测科学试验卫星”,进一步发展我国温室气体监测能力。此前的11月22日,我国中继卫星系统又添一颗天链－1的04星,该星堪与世界一流卫星比肩;12月11日,我国成功发射了具有国际先进水平的首颗第二代静止气象卫星风云－4;还有,9月发射的天宫－2空间实验室上的14项科学与应用任务已取得初步成果。借此契机,本刊特推出中国航天专题,以飨读者。     

非晶态铁硼薄膜的平面霍耳效应

对于用射频溅射法制得的Fe_(83)B_(17)薄膜进行了平面霍耳效应的研究。实验表明:厚度大于800(?)的薄膜测量结果与导出的公式符合良好,且平面霍耳电压V_H的磁滞回线有轴对称性,但对较薄的膜则出现对公式的偏离并失去对称性。V_H的幅值可达500μV,开关临界磁场为22×10~(-4)T,晶化以后薄膜的V_H减小约一个数量级。利用平面霍耳效应测量了薄膜的静态磁特性。     

A Far Infrared Photometer (FIRP) for the Infrared Telescope in Space (IRTS)

We describe the design and calibration of the Far-Infrared Photometer (FIRP), one of four focal plane instruments on the Infrared Telescope in Space (IRTS). The FIRP will provide absolute photometry in four bands centered at 150, 250, 400, and 700 μm with spectral resolution λ/Δλ ≈ 3 and spatial resolution ΔΘ = 0.5 degrees. High sensitivity is achieved by using bolometric detectors operated at 300 mK in an AC bridge circuit. The closed-cycle ³He refrigerator can be recycled in orbit. A 2 K shutter provides a zero reference for each field of view. More than 10% of the sky will be surveyed during the ≈3 week mission lifetime with a sensitivity of <10⁻¹³ W·cm⁻²·sr⁻¹ per 0.5 degree pixel.     

Global Environmental Alert Service (GEAS)

Early warning systems represent an innovative and effective approach to mitigate the risk associated with natural hazards. Early warning technologies are now available for almost all natural hazards and systems are already in operation in all parts of the world. Nevertheless, recent disasters such as the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 and Katrina hurricane in 2005, highlighted inadequacies in early warning technologies.

Efforts towards the development of a global warning system are necessary for turning the tide in early warning processes and technologies. There is a pressing need for a globally comprehensive early warning system based on existing systems. The global system should be a mechanism which can consolidate scientific information and evidences, package this knowledge in a form usable to international and national decision makers and actively disseminate this information to those users.

The proposed Global Environmental Alert Service (GEAS) will provide information emanating from monitoring, Earth observing and early warning systems to users in a near-real-time mode and bridge the gap between the scientific community and policy makers. Characteristics and operational aspects of such a service, GEAS, are discussed.