基于度的结构区间可靠性分析方法研究

为了分析考虑不确定性因素影响下的结构可靠性,基于不确定性参数的区间描述,用度的方法对结构区间可靠性进行分析。用区间数描述影响结构功能的不确定性,建立结构可靠性分析的区间应力一强度干涉模型,将这些区间变量引入到结构区间可靠性的分析中。基于区间数学以及区间数比较方法理论,提出了一种新的区间可靠性指标。运用基于度的结构区间可靠性分析方法进行计算,分析结果表明该方法具有良好的数学性质,计算得出的结果与用非概率可靠性计算结果相一致,表明该方法可以对结构安全或可靠的程度做出合理的估计。     

基于泰勒展开法的转子系统动力特性区间分析方法

对转子系统动力特性运用一种非概率-区间分析方法进行分析.基于区间数学和1阶泰勒展开理论的区间分析方法将非确定参数支承刚度和连接结构刚度视为区间向量,运用泰勒展开法建立了转子系统固有频率的公式.区间分析方法降低了传统的概率分析方法对不确定参数信息的过分要求,为解决含有非确定参数的转子系统动力特性问题提供了一个途径.应用区间泰勒展开法和概率方法对数值算例进行了分析,并比较了结果.当参数非确定性小于20%时,计算得到的转子系统固有频率区间上下界与真实值区间上下界误差小于2.2%.建立了转子系统动力特性试验装置,试验结果验证了方法的有效性.      

足绑式PNS自适应滑动平均零速区间检测方法

针对足绑式个人导航系统（PNS）中,传统的滑动平均算法对零速区间检测的延迟问题,设计了一种基于自适应滑动平均算法,对零速区间进行检测。首先对比力模值和角速率模值进行滑动平均,根据平均后数据的变化趋势,通过比较样本方差,设置一个自适应的滑动时间窗口来判断行人是否静止。该方法既能避免由于平滑算法带来的延时问题,又能够消除抖动干扰造成的误检,从而得到准确的零速区间。行走实验验证了本文方法的有效性,自适应滑动平均算法的导航精度提高了50%。     

基于集对分析的混合型多属性目标威胁评估

针对空袭目标属性权重为区间数且属性值为实数、区间数和模糊语言值相结合的混合型多属性威胁评估问题,提出了一种简洁、直观且计算量少的基于集对分析的评估方法,并通过实例验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。     

模态区间方法在液体火箭发动机系统仿真中的应用

模型简化和系统参数的不确定性导致基于定量模型的液体火箭发动机仿真结果与系统的真实行为存在差异。利用模态区间分析方法对系统进行仿真，得到的结果为一包含系统真实行为的包络线，它是系统真实行为区间的优化。通过对某泵压式液体火箭发动机稳态工作过程的模态区间仿真计算，证明模态区间分析方法对复杂动态系统建模仿真是有效的。     

基于模糊数的航空发动机可靠性预计模型

根据模糊数适于量化模糊信息的特点,运用模糊集和区间分析理论,提出了一种基于模糊数的多级模糊综合评判方法,它能更好地根据模糊信息作出模糊决策。在此基础上,结合航空发动机可靠性的特点,建立了一种航空发动机可靠性预计的模型。该模型的特点是能够在综合考虑各种可靠性影响因素及其模糊性的情况下,对发动机的可靠性水平作出较为客观的综合评判,尤其适用于航空发动机设计初期的可靠性预计。      

雷达探测距离的区间估计

雷达探测距离是雷达发射功率、频率、接收信号功率等这些不确定参数的函数。以区间数学为基础,将这些不确定参数描述为区间变量,借助一阶泰勒级数,提出了近似估计雷达探测距离的区间分析方法。区间分析方法降低了以往处理不确定问题概率方法需要知道不确定参数均值、方差或概率分布密度等详细统计信息的要求,只要求知道不确定信息所在的边界,而且计算量少。通过算例与概率分析方法相比较,表明了区间分析方法的可行性和优越性。     

Alta U9000图像数据由16位到8位的转换

科学级CCD图像一般是16位的,为了便于在Windows中显示处理过程中的16位图像,需要将16位图像转换为8位图像。介绍了2种转换算法:直接转换法和区间转换法。研究表明:直接转换法实现简单,但容易丢失信息,当原始图像中的有效信息区间较小时,应使用区间转换法;根据原始图像直方图确定用有效信息区间的算法,该算法与CCD的噪声点个数有关,通过对科学级CCD Alta U9000噪声情况的测试,给出了确定U9000图像有效信息区间的方法。     

Interval Criterion of Robust Stability for Nonlinear System and Its Application to Flight Control

给出了一类非线性系统的鲁棒稳定性分析方法。通过对非线性系统的不同区域描述，将复杂的非线性问题转化为多个区间鲁棒稳定性问题。对区间鲁棒稳定性条件不等式进行变形，得到了该不等式可解的条件。此条件不仅大大简化了不等式，而且得到了新的鲁棒稳定性判据。进而，给出了非线性系统鲁棒反馈控制的设计方法。飞行控制器设计结果表明，本方法对不确定系统的分析和设计是有效的。     

连续分布百分位值和百分率的区间估计和假设检验

提出了一种对连续分布百分位值和百分率(或可靠度)进行区间估计和假设检验的理论与方法。并对Weibull分布、对数正态分布、极值分布等常用的两参数分布和三参数分布进行了详细讨论。该方法不仅适用于完全数据,而且还适用于不完全数据和无失效数据。     

Environmental stress level evaluation approach based on physical model and interval grey association degree

 Associating environmental stresses (ESs) with built-in test (BIT) output is an important means to help diagnose intermittent faults (IFs). Aiming at low efficiency in association of traditional time stress measurement device (TSMD), an association model is built. Thereafter, a novel approach is given to evaluate the integrated environmental stress (IES) level. Firstly, the selection principle and approach of main environmental stresses (MESs) and key characteristic parameters (KCPs) are presented based on fault mode, mechanism, and ESs analysis (FMMEA). Secondly, reference stress events (RSEs) are constructed by dividing IES into three stress levels according to its impact on faults; and then the association model between integrated environmental stress event (IESE) and BIT output is built. Thirdly, an interval grey association approach to evaluate IES level is proposed due to the interval number of IES value. Consequently, the association output can be obtained as well. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate the proposed approach. Results show the proposed model and approach are effective and feasible. This approach can be used to guide ESs measure, record, and association. It is well suited for on-line assistant diagnosis of faults, especially IFs.     

卡尔曼平滑的自校准技术

介绍了卡尔曼平滑技术的固定区间平滑方法，推导了非线性时变模型的固定区间平滑公式，并将之应用到轨道约束自校准技术中，且导出了相应公式。     

A new approach to fuzzy dynamic fault tree analysis using the weakest n-dimensional t-norm arithmetic

Dynamic fault tree analysis is widely used for the reliability analysis of the complex system with dynamic failure characteristics. In many circumstances, the exact value of system reliability is difficult to obtain due to absent or insufficient data for failure probabilities or failure rates of components. The traditional fuzzy operation arithmetic based on extension principle or interval theory may lead to fuzzy accumulations. Moreover, the existing fuzzy dynamic fault tree analysis methods are restricted to the case that all system components follow exponential time-to-failure distributions. To overcome these problems, a new fuzzy dynamic fault tree analysis approach based on the weakest n-dimensional t-norm arithmetic and developed sequential binary decision diagrams method is proposed to evaluate system fuzzy reliability. Compared with the existing approach, the proposed method can effectively reduce fuzzy cumulative and be applicable to any time-to-failure distribution type for system components. Finally, a case study is presented to illustrate the application and advantages of the proposed approach.     

二维双侧容限系数公式

给出一种二维双侧容限系数公式, 并提出相应的估计双侧容忍区间的方法。该方法可以充分利用以往积累的经验数据, 减少当前试验中的试件个数, 提高预测精度。      

串联过程置信区间的贝努力法估算及其在制导武器系统性能评估中的应用

制导武器系统抗干扰可分解为串联关系的2个过程,即导引头抗干扰过程和控制系统抗干扰过程。本文用贝努力方法计算抗干扰性能的概率及其置信区间,推导出计算方法,用蒙特卡洛方法仿真验证,得出贝努力方法可以有效地估计制导武器系统抗干扰性能置信区间的结论。     

导弹精度评估的非参数Bootstrap方法

基于目前导弹试验的实际状况,讨论了小子样情况下精度指标的置信区间估计的非参数Bootstrap方法。介绍了Bootstrap方法的基本概念,综合比较了非参数Bootstrap抽样和参数Bootstrap抽样的特点,对基于传统百分位法的改进区间估计方法进行了简要说明,包括迭代Bootstrap方法、Bootstrap-t方法及纠偏百分位方法;最后,通过大量仿真计算初步分析了各种非参数Bootstrap区间估计方法的性能和适用范围,并给出了若干建议。     

Interval analysis of rotor dynamic response based on Chebyshev polynomials

Uncertainty is extensively involved in the rotor systems of rotating machinery, which may cause an unstable vibrational response. To take the uncertainty into consideration for the uncertain rotor-bearing system, an improved unified interval analysis method based on the Chebyshev expansion is established in this paper. Firstly, the Chebyshev Interval Method (CIM) to calculate not only the critical speeds but also the dynamic response of rotor with uncertain parameters is introduced. Then, the numerical investigation is carried out based on the developed double disk rotor model and computation procedure, and the results demonstrate the validity. But when the uncertainty is sufficiently large to influence critical speeds, the upper and lower bounds are far from the actual bounds. In order to overcome the defects, a Bound Correction Interval analysis Method (BCIM) is proposed based on the Chebyshev expansion and the modal superposition. In use of the improved method, the bounds of the interval responses, especially the upper bound, are corrected, and the comparison with other methods demonstrates that the higher accuracy and a wider application range.     

基于优化算法的油井间抽控制系统设计与实现

油井采油机空抽问题是我国各大油田普遍存在的问题。基于优化算法的油井间抽控制系统是在对我国某油田进行充分调研和分析论证的基础上设计开发的兼顾通用性和经济性要求的新一代智能型油井控制系统。工程应用实践表明,该系统具有运行稳定、安全可靠、安装方便等特点,解决了油井采油机空抽、低效等问题,达到了降低采油机机械磨损、节约电能、延长采油设施使用寿命的目的。     

Sealing reliability modeling of aviation seal based on interval uncertainty method and multidimensional response surface

Many variables affect the sealing performance, and their distribution characteristics are difficult to obtain with probabilistic methods owing to the high cost involved. Numerous problems in engineering are similar due to the appearance of small-sample parameters. In this study, the sealing reliability of an aviation seal was defined as the research object, and an interval uncertainty method and multidimensional response surface were proposed to calculate the sealing reliability.Based on this, we first analyzed the failure mechanism of the aviation seal and established a leakage rate model. Then, based on the non-probabilistic interval model, an interval uncertainty method was proposed to construct the analytical model. With reference to the limit state equation from the structural reliability theory, the multidimensional response surface was used for fast calculation.Then, we chose the single-cylinder gas steering gear used in aircraft as the case study, its sealing reliability in working and non-working statuses were calculated, and the results were verified with the actual maintenance records. By analyzing the sensitivity of some variables, we can improve the sealing reliability of the aviation seal by improving the surface roughness only if the cost allows.Finally, we consider that the method proposed in this study realizes the application of smallsample uncertainty analysis in reliability analysis, and could provide a feasible way to solve the similar problems in engineering with multidimensional and small-sample parameters.     

借鉴国际经验培养研究生创新能力

创新是时代的最强音。知识经济时代，世界范围内的竞争集中到人才的竞争，尤其是具有创新能力的人才的竞争。培养研究生的创新能力是研究生教育的核心内容，也是提高研究生培养质量的重要标志。文章认为营造良好的创新环境是培养研究生创新能力的基本保障、深化教学改革是培养研究生创新能力的基础，优化培养方式是培养研究生创新能力的关键。作者通过分析国际发达国家在研究生创新能力培养方面的成功经验，为我国研究生创新能力的培养提供了有益的启迪和借鉴。