An efficient hyper-elastic model for the preforming simulation of Carbon-Kevlar hybrid woven reinforcement

An efficient hyper-elastic model that can reflect the primary mechanical behaviors of Carbon-Kevlar hybrid woven reinforcement was developed and implemented with VUMAT constitutive code for preforming simulation. The model parameters were accurately determined through the uniaxial and bias-extension tests. To calibrate the simulation code, preforming experiments of hybrid woven reinforcement over the hemisphere mold and tetrahedron mold were respectively conducted to validate the proposed hyper-...     

Multi-objective optimization of different dome reinforcement methods for composite cases

A multi-objective optimization method was proposed for different dome reinforcement methods of a filament-wound solid rocket motor composite case based on a Radial Basis Function (RBF) model. Progressive damage of the composite case was considered in a simulation based on Hashin failure criteria, and simulation results were validated by hydraulic burst tests to precisely predict the failure mode, failure position, and burst pressure. An RBF surrogate model was established and evaluated by Relative Average Absolute Error (RAAE), Relative Maximum Absolute Error (RMAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and R² methods to improve the optimization efficient of dome reinforcement. In addition, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) was employed to establish multi-objective optimization models of variable-angle and variable-polar-radius dome reinforcements to investigate the coupling effect of the reinforcement angle, reinforcement layers, and reinforcement range on the case performance. Optimal reinforcement parameters were obtained and used to establish a progressive damage model of the composite case with dome reinforcement. In accordance with progressive damage analysis, the burst pressure and performance factor were obtained. Results illustrated that variable-angle dome reinforcement was the optimal reinforcement method compared with variable-polar-radius dome reinforcement as it could not only ensure the reinforcement angle’s continuous changing but also decrease the mass of composite materials. Compared with the unreinforced case, the reinforced case exhibited an increase in the burst pressure and performance factor of 36.1% and 23.5%, respectively.     

复合材料球面框球皮冲击损伤形貌的数值分析

根据民用飞机复合材料球面框球皮的实际结构铺层与材料体系,建试了三维冲击损伤分析模型并采用Hashin失效准则,对球皮层合板进行数值模拟。同时,采用ASTMD7136试验标准进行低速冲击、试验。数据与计算结果吻合较好,表明该模型可用于预测球面框球皮层压板结构在低速冲击下的损伤形貌和尺寸大小     

芳纶芋纤维预浸胶带的质量稳定性

分析了芳纶Ⅲ纤维与F-12纤维的预浸胶成型工艺的差异和影响因素,根据芳纶Ⅲ纤维独特的表面性能及股纱特性,最终优选了芳纶Ⅲ纤维的股纱性能和预浸渍成型工艺参数.试验结果表明,该成型工艺能生产出质量稳定的胶带来满足缠绕工艺要求.     

CFRP三维铣削仿真模型的建立及层间损伤分析

碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)具有层间结合强度低、各向异性等特点,切削过程中易产生层间损伤。为了对CFRP铣削加工过程中的层间应力、层间损伤进行研究,建立了复合材料三维铣削仿真模型。该模型在结构上采用等效均质建模,层内单元利用VUMAT子程序建立了三维Hashin起始失效准则以及损伤演化过程模型,层间采用Cohesive单元连接以模拟层间损伤的产生及扩展。通过与实验切削力数值的比较,验证了仿真模型的准确性。利用该模型分析了切削力、层间应力及层间损伤随纤维方向角(0°、45°、90°、135°)的变化规律。结果表明:铣削过程加工损伤主要集中在近工件表面。铣削力、层间应力、层间损伤受纤维方向角的影响,纤维方向角为90°与135°时,轴向铣削力较大,层间应力与层间损伤均随纤维方向角的增加而增大,纤维方向角为135°时,层间应力最大,层间损伤最严重。     

A Lamb wave quantification model for inclined cracks with experimental validation

This paper investigates the influence of crack orientation on damage quantification using Lamb wave in plate structures. Finite element simulation is performed to acquire Lamb wave signal responses for different configurations of crack orientations and crack lengths. Two Lamb wave features, namely the normalized amplitude and the phase change, are used as damage sensitive features to develop a crack size quantification model. A hypothesis based on the geometrical influence on signal features is proposed, and the crack size quantification model incorporating the orientation angle is established using the hypothesis. An index of Probability of Reliable Quantification (PRQ) is proposed to evaluate the performance of the model. The index can be used to determine the sizing risk in terms of probabilities. A realistic aluminum plate is used to obtain the experimental data using piezoelectric (PZT) wafer-type sensors around a center through crack. The experimental data are used to validate the overall method. Results indicate that the proposed model can yield reliable results for size quantification of inclined cracks.     

雷达罩应用5258树脂基复合材料的试验研究

通过试验研究了雷达罩所用主要材料5258环氧树脂、预浸料和复合材料制备方法，进行了这些材料及结构的拉伸、弯曲、剪切和介电常数等性能的测试，结果表明5258树脂基体制备的复合材料均具有良好的力学和电学性能，能够满足雷达罩的设计要求。     

燃烧室火焰筒头部性能对比试验

根据前期某型发动机燃烧室头部降低冒烟数性能试验结果,火焰筒头部结构存在高温烧蚀变形痕迹,为保证该结构工 作可靠性和使用寿命,将原型燃烧室火焰筒头部传统的孔板+挡溅板的冷却结构改进为带有一定角度的收敛双锥形冷却结构,并 在单管燃烧试验器、扇形燃烧室试验件上采用连续气源、模拟参数进行了性能对比试验,录取了改进前后2种头部的点熄火边界、 燃烧效率及头部壁温。结果表明：在同工况下,改进后的火焰筒头部着火余气系数更大,点火边界更宽;贫油熄火边界相当;燃烧 效率基本相当,均大于0.99,符合性能要求;改进后火焰筒头部壁温较原型的有较大降低,温度分布更均匀。     

CFRP铣削有限元模型建立及切削力仿真分析

为探索碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)铣削加工过程中切削力与工艺参数之间的映射关系,建立CFRP铣削加工有限元仿真模型并对切削力进行分析。基于ABAQUS软件通过定义材料属性、材料失效模型、纤维铺层数和纤维方向建立了CFRP铣削加工二维有限元仿真模型,并对该模型进行了实验验证。基于该模型,分析了切削力与纤维方向角、铣削速度、每齿进给量和刀具前角等工艺参数之间的映射关系。仿真结果表明:纤维方向角从0°增大到90°,切削力呈现降低趋势,而纤维方向角从90°增大到180°,切削力呈现增大趋势。随着切削速度和每齿进给量的增大,切削力随之增大,而随着刀具前角增大,切削力随之减小。     

基于结构设计的自调节铺放轨迹规划算法

通过分析预浸带/纱在曲面上的铺放工艺性,提出以轨迹测地曲率作为铺放工艺性测度,构建一种基于结构设计的自调节轨迹规划算法,兼顾自动铺放中的铺放工艺性和结构设计要求.该算法是在满足结构设计的前提下,将预浸带/纱轨迹从结构设计所确定的方向按特定方式向测地线方向偏转,从而减小预浸带/纱的变形.本文以固定角度法作为结构设计准则、以最大容许偏转角法定义修正函数,以此为例阐述具体算法及实施过程.基于Visual C++平台,进行C++和SQL混合编程,以某型进气道为模型进行了算法仿真,并进行了进气道和锥壳的铺放试验.结果表明:容许偏转角的增大有助于缓解预浸带/纱的变形.     

自动铺丝最小间隙路径规划与复合材料锥壳结构制造

自动铺丝技术（AFP）是提高复合材料构件制造效率和降低其制造成本的关键技术和重要手段。铺放轨迹的设计是控制自动铺丝工艺质量的关键。对于复杂的结构形式,合理的铺丝路径对保证可制造性及铺贴质量至关重要。本文针对简化后的后机身锥壳特征结构,研究了基于固定角法、测地线法和变角度法的自动铺丝轨迹算法设计,解决了铺放复杂曲面满覆盖问题;总结对比获得了不同铺丝轨迹方法的特点和适用范围。以保证工艺性并满足结构设计铺层方向为原则,选用了带宽为6.35 mm的自动铺丝预浸料完成工艺验证件制造,并通过有限元分析评估了自动铺丝轨迹算法的合理性。结果表明：该结构宜采用测地线法铺放0°方向铺层以减少褶皱;采用固定角法铺放90°方向铺层能够保证连续铺放;采用结合预浸窄带侧弯试验结果的变角度轨迹规划方法铺放此锥类构件±45°方向铺层能够保持最小间隙。铺丝间隙使锥壳结构单层等效模量下降约30%,整体强度下降约10%。因而在结构优化设计时需考虑自动铺丝工艺对安全裕度影响的因素。     

镍基单晶结构的蠕变损伤寿命研究

基于镍基单晶合金材质细观演化规律，提出了同时考虑筏化-解筏及夹杂空洞损伤机理的双参数蠕变损伤本构模型。该本构模型已编入ABAQUS的umat。单向应力状态试验表明它可以模拟镍基单晶结构材料的蠕变规律，特别是晶体取向相关性；利用双剪切和模拟单晶叶片蠕变试验对模型进行了考核，结果相当满意。进一步对单晶叶片的蠕变损伤寿命进行分析，叶片的三维取向优化，可以很大程度地提高叶片的蠕变寿命。     

冲击载荷下单螺栓连接结构力学行为试验与仿真研究

基于霍普金森压杆(Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar,SHPB)装置,对发动机结构设计中广泛使用的螺栓连接结构开展了冲击试验,研究了冲击载荷作用下单螺栓结构的承载能力、损伤模式和失效机理,掌握了冲击速度、预紧力、装配间隙的影响规律.在瞬态显式动力学软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA中,对单螺栓连接结构...     

含低速冲击损伤层合板的压缩破坏研究

层合板低速冲击后的压缩破坏研究对于复合材料结构设计具有重要意义.按照ASTM D 7136、D 7137试验标准对CCF300/5228层合板进行低速冲击和压缩试验;基于累积损伤理论,以低速冲击数值仿真得到的损伤作为初始损伤,结合应变失效准则和材料性能退化方法,建立含低速冲击损伤层合板的压缩破坏分析模型;使用该模型研究CCF300/5228层合板的损伤演化过程和剩余压缩强度.结果表明：该模型能够较好地解释试验过程中的损伤现象,预测含冲击损伤层合板的剩余压缩强度;损伤扩展和破坏模式与试验结果一致性好.     

7050航空铝合金“单因素”本构模型参数与温度相关性研究

从理论和实验两方面研究7050航空铝合金"单因素"本构模型中参数与温度的相关性.通过位错理论分析和进行材料基本关系式推导指出铝合金材料模型受温度的影响.设计准静态压缩实验和高速冲击压缩实验研究材料的静、动态力学性能.通过对试验数据的分析、拟合和比较,得出7050航空铝合金"单因素"本构模型中的参数与温度相关的结论.根据试验结果建立材料参数与温度之间的数学映射,并在此基础上构建7050航空铝合金单因素"本构模型,最后进行切削实验验证模型的正确性.7050航空铝合金"单因素"本构模型的建立为进一步开展切削加工有限元模拟和进行工艺优化奠定基础.     

Influence of pre-tension on ballistic impact performance of multi-layer Kevlar 49 woven fabrics for gas turbine engine containment systems

In this paper, ballistic impact tests on wrapped multi-layer Kevlar 49 woven fabric systems were carried out with a flat blade projectile to investigate the impact response during a fan blade out event. The influences of the number of Kevlar layers and pre-tension were discussed particularly. Test results were used to analyze failure modes and energy absorption characteristics of multi-ply Kevlar fabrics. Results show that there are two kinds of impact damage for fabrics: global deformation mainly involving stretching of yarns in the impact region and fabric wrinkle from both sides to the impact zone, and local damage characterized by yarn fracture, yarn pull-out, and yarn unraveling. The energy absorption capability of Kevlar 49 woven fabrics improves with the number of fabric layers. The energy absorbed by multi-layer fabrics increases slightly at the beginning and then decreases substantially with pre-tension. The work in this paper can provide guidance for designing light-weight multi-layer fabrics containment systems.     

Coupling damage and reliability model of low-cycle fatigue and high energy impact based on the local stress–strain approach

Fatigue induced products generally bear fatigue loads accompanied by impact processes,which reduces their reliable life rapidly. This paper introduces a reliability assessment model based on a local stress–strain approach considering both low-cycle fatigue and high energy impact loads.Two coupling relationships between fatigue and impact are given with effects of an impact process on fatigue damage and effects of fatigue damage on impact performance. The analysis of the former modifies the fatigue parameters and the Manson–Coffin equation for fatigue life based on material theories. On the other hand, the latter proposes the coupling variables and the difference of fracture toughness caused by accumulative fatigue damage. To form an overall reliability model including both fatigue failure and impact failure, a competing risk model is developed. A case study of an actuator cylinder is given to validate this method.     

晶体取向的偏差和随机性对镍基单晶叶片强度与蠕变寿命的影响

本文提出双参数蠕变损伤模型用以模拟镍基单晶合金叶片的强度和寿命。该模型得到单轴应力状态和模拟叶片、双剪切试样复杂应力状态的考核。叶片分析表明:单晶叶片轴向的偏角增大,强度的分散性变大。两个不受控的晶体取向变化时,滑移系的分切应力最大有15%的变化;轴向的偏角的增大,寿命的分散性变大,15°的偏角,寿命偏差6倍。两个不受控的晶体取向变化时,寿命有50%的变化。结果表明:对叶片进行3维取向优化,可以提高叶片的蠕变寿命。      

基于残差x^2故障检测的IRS／GPS紧组合算法研究

对于民用航空来说,除了精度指标外,可靠性指标也十分重。组合导航技术可以极大的提高导航系统的精度,对组合导航系统进行实时的故障检测可以有效提高导航系统的可靠性。本文对基于残差x^2故障检测的IRS／GPS紧组合算法进行研究,并进行相应的仿真分析。仿真结果表明设计的组合导航和故障检测方案可以有效隔离GPS故障量测,在GPS存在故障时仍能保持较高的定位精度,提高组合导航系统的可靠性,具有重的工程应用价值。     

镍基单晶合金蠕变研究: 叶片蠕变的有限元分析

该文为镍基单晶合金高温蠕变建模研究工作的第三部分,利用前面研究已建立的蠕变材料模型及编写的ABAQUS软件UMAT子程序,选取了模型涡轮一级叶片叶身段,利用单晶DD3蠕变数据和实际叶片温度场,通过设定不同的晶体去向,分析了叶片主晶体去向偏差对叶片蠕变的影响,计算同时也给出了次向晶向偏差对分析的影响.整个分析,揭示了不同取向对叶片蠕变的影响:不同于材料的蠕变,叶片在通常控制的10°取向偏差内,蠕变分散也较大.