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针对翼身融合(BWB)背撑发动机布局民机的发动机与机体流动干扰问题,以项目团队研究的某BWB布局民机方案为研究对象,采用CFD方法研究了发动机进排气对全机低、高速气动特性的影响规律及其流动机理。结果表明:进排气效应主要影响飞机的高速阻力特性,随着发动机进气流量的减小,机体/短舱之间流动干扰加剧,机体零升阻力增加;进排气效应对低速状态升力和俯仰力矩的影响主要由发动机的抽吸作用对机体表面流动的干扰引起。发动机不同的进气流量会对全机的升阻力特性产生较大影响,在BWB布局机体/发动机一体化设计中,要充分考虑机体与动力装置之间的干扰影响,同时权衡不同进排气状态对机体和发动机当地流动的影响。 相似文献
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基于RANS(Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes)方法,采用SST(shear stress transport)湍流模型和进排气边界条件,对翼身融合背撑发动机反推绕流流场进行了数值模拟,探究得到反推气流动力影响下机体气动载荷的变化规律,并评估了不同发动机功率下反推的增阻效果,以及对进气道流场畸变特性进行了初步的分析。结果表明:反推气流会显著影响机体气动载荷的分布状况,发动机前方的机体表面压力逐渐增大,经过反推出流带后,表面压力急剧减小,沿展向其影响逐渐减弱;在一定范围内,反推气流的轴向折流角越大,对气动载荷分布的影响越剧烈,增阻效果也越好;轴向折流角和来流马赫数的变化会影响进气道流场畸变特性。 相似文献
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250座级翼身融合布局客机气动设计与优化 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
结合民机客舱结构设计参数和飞机总体设计参数要求进行气动布局设计,获得250座级翼身融合(BWB)布局客机初步气动设计方案.采用数值求解N-S方程的方法获得该布局在巡航和起飞条件下的纵向气动特性.结果表明,在巡航条件下α=2°时最大升阻比Kmax可达15.9.以固定巡航飞行升力系数下最小化飞行阻力作为目标优化了机翼展向几何扭转角分布.结果表明,优化后外侧机翼的负载减轻,减小了激波强度和波阻,从而提高了巡航升阻比Kcruise.Kmax由初始布局的15.9提高到20.7,Kmax由初始布局的15.4提高到19.2,与现役同座级客机接近.优化后起飞特性得到改善,巡航平飞时低头力矩减小,Cm0为更接近零的一小负数,利于操纵. 相似文献
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翼身融合布局(BWB)综合性能突出,是未来民用航空领域飞行器发展的必然趋势,研究BWB布局的气动特点及流动机理,对开展BWB布局设计具有重要的支撑作用。采用测力、丝线流动显示的风洞试验方法并辅以CFD方法,开展300座级BWB布局(BWB-1)低速气动特性、流动机理及通气发动机短舱影响研究。结果表明:与Early BWB、N2A布局相比,BWB-1具有更好的低速纵向气动性能,具有横向静稳定、航向静不稳定量值较小,航向增稳与控制难度较小等优点;揭示了布局的流动发展过程及具有和缓失速特性的物理原因;通气发动机短舱对提高最大升力及增加航向静稳定性有利,对横向静稳定性影响较小,但使得阻力和低头力矩增加;CFD纵向计算结果与试验基本一致,验证了CFD方法的有效性。 相似文献
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翼身融合体飞机起降阶段的“沉降问题”是影响该类布局飞行安全的典型问题,为此提出了一种将动力风扇竖直嵌入机翼中的动力增升方案。分析了动力增升系统对飞行的气动影响,提出了动力增升系统的匹配设计和评价方法,探讨了动力增升系统布局的主要约束。在综合考虑动力增升系统推质比、俯仰力矩配平以及操稳特性等限制因素基础上,基于示例翼身融合体无人机,匹配设计了动力增升系统及其布局方案,针对过渡飞行状态设计了姿态稳定控制律。飞行试验表明:使用动力增升能缓解进近阶段升降舵操纵所引起的下沉率突增与高度沉降现象,同时可将验证机的起、降速度降低20%以上,且该方案易于在小型翼身融合体飞机上实现。 相似文献
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This paper presents a novel optimization technique for an efficient multi-fidelity model building approach to reduce computational costs for handling aerodynamic shape optimization based on high-fidelity simulation models. The wing aerodynamic shape optimization problem is solved by dividing optimization into three steps—modeling 3D(high-fidelity) and 2D(lowfidelity) models, building global meta-models from prominent instead of all variables, and determining robust optimizing shape associated with tuning local meta-models. The adaptive robust design optimization aims to modify the shape optimization process. The sufficient infilling strategy—known as adaptive uniform infilling strategy—determines search space dimensions based on the last optimization results or initial point. Following this, 3D model simulations are used to tune local meta-models. Finally, the global optimization gradient-based method—Adaptive Filter Sequential Quadratic Programing(AFSQP) is utilized to search the neighborhood for a probable optimum point. The effectiveness of the proposed method is investigated by applying it, along with conventional optimization approach-based meta-models, to a Blended Wing Body(BWB) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV). The drag coefficient is defined as the objective function, which is subjected to minimum lift coefficient bounds and stability constraints. The simulation results indicate improvement in meta-model accuracy and reduction in computational time of the method introduced in this paper. 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2016,(6):1664-1672
The movement characteristics and control response of oblique wing aircraft (OWA) are highly coupled between the longitudinal and lateral-directional axes and present obvious nonlinear-ity. Only with the implementation of flight control systems can flying qualities be satisfied. This arti-cle investigates the dynamic modeling of an OWA and analyzes its dynamic characteristics. Furthermore, a flight control law based on model-reference dynamic inversion is designed and ver-ified. Calculations and simulations show that OWA can be trimmed by rolling a bank angle and deflecting the triaxial control surfaces in a coordinated way. The oblique wing greatly affects lon-gitudinal motion. The short-period mode is highly coupled between longitudinal and lateral motion, and the bank angle also occurs in phugoid mode. However, the effects of an oblique wing on lateral mode shape are relatively small. For inherent control characteristics, symmetric deflection of the horizontal tail will generate not only longitudinal motion but also a large rolling rate. Rolling moment and pitching moment caused by aileron deflection will reinforce motion coupling, but rud-der deflection has relatively little effect on longitudinal motion. Closed-loop simulations demon-strate that the flight control law can achieve decoupling control for OWA and guarantee a satisfactory dynamic performance. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the influence of forward-swept wing(FSW) positions on the aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft under supersonic condition(Ma = 1.5). The numerical method based on Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes(RANS) equations, Spalart–Allmaras(S–A) turbulence model and implicit algorithm is utilized to simulate the flow field of the aircraft. The aerodynamic parameters and flow field structures of the horizontal tail and the whole aircraft are presented. The results demonstrate that the spanwise flow of FSW flows from the wingtip to the wing root, generating an upper wing surface vortex and a trailing edge vortex nearby the wing root.The vortexes generated by FSW have a strong downwash effect on the tail. The lower the vertical position of FSW, the stronger the downwash effect on tail. Therefore, the effective angle of attack of tail becomes smaller. In addition, the lift coefficient, drag coefficient and lift–drag ratio of tail decrease, and the center of pressure of tail moves backward gradually. For the whole aircraft,the lower the vertical position of FSW, the smaller lift, drag and center of pressure coefficients of aircraft. The closer the FSW moves towards tail, the bigger pitching moment and center of pressure coefficients of the whole aircraft, but the lift and drag characteristics of the horizontal tail and the whole aircraft are basically unchanged. The results have potential application for the design of new concept aircraft. 相似文献
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针对鸭式旋翼/机翼(Canard Rotor/Wing,CRW)飞机独特的气动布局,常规的分析方法及经验公式很难准确地对CRW飞机进行飞行动力学研究,通过飞行辨识对CRW飞机悬停状态特性进行了研究。首先,设计了飞行试验并获得了高质量的飞行数据,基于频率响应对CRW飞机的状态空间模型进行了简化。然后,在频域内对飞机的动力学参数进行了拟合优化,获得了CRW飞机悬停状态的动力学模型,并用飞行数据对所建模型进行了验证。最后,用辨识所得参数与常规直升机悬停状态时的参数进行了对比。结果显示悬停时CRW飞机的操纵导数和阻尼导数均比常规直升机小,经分析,操纵导数的减小主要是CRW飞机独特的旋翼设计所致,阻尼导数减小的原因主要是旋翼气动影响以及鸭翼、平尾、垂尾的结构影响。动力学特性分析结果为CRW飞机旋翼模式总体设计的进一步优化提供了指引和参考,所建立的模型可用于控制系统设计。 相似文献
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针对某中等展弦比高速飞翼布局飞机,利用CFD计算方法,研究了一套新型舵面组合对飞机起降任务阶段纵向气动力特性的影响,并对该飞翼布局飞机不同舵面组合进行了数值模拟.仿真结果表明,采用该舵面组合在飞机的起降阶段可以有效改善其纵向气动力特性和操稳特性. 相似文献
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复材机翼气弹特性工程化设计分析技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文在静气弹的基本原理分析基础上,发展了机翼气弹特性工程化设计方法:基于参数化的机翼气动弹性模型,研究了复合材料机翼整体蒙皮重要设计参数对舵效、静变形和静强度的影响,采用变参分析方法进行了灵敏度分析,获取影响舵效的关键参数变化趋势,用以指导舵效气动弹性剪裁优化设计。对优化设计结果进行了工程化的处理并进行校核,获得了工程可用的蒙皮铺层设计方案,在改善舵效使其满足飞机性能要求的同时,还获得了满意的减重105 kg(总质量的14%)效益。 相似文献
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放宽静稳定度在先进战斗机设计领域已获得广泛应用,与其相关的主动控制技术仍有进一步研究的价值,需要对放宽静稳定度对飞机纵向飞行性能的影响进行更全面的分析。以重心后移作为放宽静稳定度的方式,分析放宽静稳定度与某型战斗机俯仰力矩系数的关系,构建战斗机非线性模型并进行开环特性分析,在此基础上,分析放宽静稳定度对飞机运行平衡点的影响机理,对战斗机非线性模型进行线性化,并分析放宽静稳定度对飞机纵向线性模型阶跃响应特性和长短周期模态特性的影响。结果表明:放宽静稳定度可增大战斗机的俯仰力矩系数,提高飞机性能,但可能会使飞机本体模态特性变差,需要在设计控制率时予以考虑。 相似文献
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