Wetting behavior of AgCu-4.5Ti filler reinforced by carbon nanotubes on C/C composite

The effect of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) content on the wettability of AgCu-4.5Ti + x CNTs (wt%) composite filler alloys on C/C composite was investigated. The results show that the added CNTs reacted with element Ti in the filler and produced the dispersed fine in situ synthesized TiC particles, which increased the consumption of element Ti and provided the nucleus for the growth of Ti-Cu compounds simultaneously. The above effects of introducing CNTs, inhibited the formation of Ti-Cu compounds, also changed the distribution of compounds, which dramatically influenced the interfacial microstructure and characteristics of wetting behavior. The increase of CNTs content refined and dispersed coarse Ti-Cu compounds, decreased the initial spreading temperature, and improved the wettability, but high content of CNTs (more than 0.3wt%) decreased the wettability of the filler alloy. The wetting interfacial microstructure of corresponding composite filler alloys were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), which consisted of TiC, TiCu, TiCu₂ and TiCu₄ compound. The typical wetting behavior of AgCu-4.5Ti + 0.3wt% CNTs composite filler on C/C composite was divided into four stages. The effect mechanism of CNTs content on the wetting behavior was proposed.     

Brazing of C/C composite and Ti-6Al-4V with graphene strengthened AgCuTi filler: Effects of graphene on wettability,microstructure and mechanical properties

Graphene nanosheets(GNSs) strengthened AgCuTi composite filler(AgCuTi_G) was used to braze C/C composite and Ti-6Al-4V. The effects of GNSs on the wettability of AgCuTi_G filler on the C/C composite surface and the interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of brazed joints were investigated. The results indicate that the addition of GNSs reduced the wettability of AgCuTi_G. The interfacial microstructure of brazed joints evolved with the addition of GNSs, where Ti_3Cu_4 and TiCu_4 were converted to TiCu and the thickness of the reaction layer adjacent to the base material decreased. The maximum shear strength of joints brazed at 0.3 wt% GNSs was 23.3 MPa(880℃/10 min). Further adding GNSs deteriorated the shear strength of the joints. Fracture of the joints occurred in the C/C composite substrate and the TiC layer adjacent to C/C composite.     

Joining of SiO2 ceramic and TC4 alloy by nanoparticles modified brazing filler metal

Nano-Al₂O₃ particles modified AgCuNi filler was adopted to braze the SiO₂ ceramic and TC4. The effects of filler size as well as the brazing temperature on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical property of the joints were investigated. Nanoscale filler reduced the phases dimension and promoted the homogeneous distribution of microstructure, obtaining a higher joint strength when compared to microscale filler. The increase of brazing temperature made the accelerating dissolution and diffusion of Ti, which promoted the increase of thickness of Ti₄O₇ + TiSi₂ layer adjacent to SiO₂ ceramic and diffusion layer zone nearby TC4 alloy. The hypoeutectic structure was produced in the brazing seam due to the high Ti content. The maximum shear strength of ∼40 MPa was obtained at 950 °C for 10 min.     

High-entropy (La0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Gd0.2Yb0.2)2(Zr0.75Ce0.25)2O7 thermal barrier coating material with significantly enhanced fracture toughness

Poor fracture toughness leads to premature failure of La₂(Zr_0.75Ce_0.25)₂O₇ (LCZ) thermal barrier coatings in an elevated temperature service environment. A novel coating material, namely (La_0.2Nd_0.2Sm_0.2Gd_0.2Yb_0.2)₂(Zr_0.75Ce_0.25)₂O₇ (LNSGY) based on the high-entropy concept, was successfully fabricated by solid-state sintering. The microstructure of LCZ and LNSGY was investigated by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectrometer (RS), Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The fracture toughness of the LCZ and LNSGY ceramics was evaluated. The LNSGY has excellent high-temperature phase stability, and the grain size of LNSGY ceramic is smaller than that of LCZ ceramic at an elevated temperature due to the sluggish diffusion effect. Compared with LCZ (fracture toughness is (1.4 ± 0.1) MPa∙m^1/2), the fracture toughness of LNSGY is significantly enhanced (fracture toughness is (2.0 ± 0.3) MPa∙m^1/2). Therefore, the LNSGY can be a promising advanced thermal barrier coating material in the future.     

Influences of pulse frequency on formation and properties of composite anodic oxide films on Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy

A thick composite anodic oxide film was fabricated in an environmentally friendly malic acid electrolyte containing PolyTetraFluoroEthylene (PTFE) nanoparticles on Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloys. The influence of pulse frequency on the morphology, microstructure and composition of composite anodic oxide films containing PTFE nanoparticles was investigated using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy. The tribological properties in terms of the friction coefficient, wear loss and morphology of worn surfaces were measured by ball-on-disc tests. The electrochemical property was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization. The results indicated that the titanium dioxide of composite anodic oxide films transformed from anatase to rutile with the change of pulse frequency, which could result from the electrochemical dynamic equilibrium. The combination of PTFE nanoparticles and malic acid electrolyte molecules can influence the energy fluctuation of electrochemical equilibrium and formation of composite anodic oxide films. Moreover, composite anodic oxide films fabricated under the condition of 1.0–2.0 Hz exhibited the best wear resistance and corrosion property. The schematic diagram of the film formation and PTFE nanoparticles spreading process under different frequencies was elucidated.     

Al含量对空心阴极等离子烧结Ti/Ni等原子比TiNiAl合金组织和力学性能的影响

 采用空心阴极等离子烧结工艺制备了Ti/Ni等原子比的Ti_50-x/2Ni_50-x/2Al_x(x=0,3,6,9)合金,研究了Al含量对合金微观组织以及力学性能的影响。结果表明:未添加铝的合金微观组织主要由NiTi基体、强化相Ti₂Ni、Ni₃Ti及孔隙组成;随着Al含量的提高,合金中Ti₂Ni(Al)数量不断增多,孔隙数量和孔径不断增加,Ni₃Ti(Al)数量不断减少,在Ti_45.5Ni_45.5Al₉中还生成了少量Ni₂TiAl相;合金的抗弯强度随Al含量的提高而增加,并在Al含量为6%时达到最大值296.3 MPa;合金的硬度随铝含量的提高而增加,Ti_45.5Ni_45.5Al₉的硬度值为295.6 HV。     

Al 量对 Ni-Al-Hf-Cr-W 系合金显微组织结构的影响

研究了Ni-20Hf-8Cr-8W-（4～6）Al系列合金的显微组织以及Al含量对共晶组织的影响,结果表明：此系列合金中,随着Al含量的微小变化,会析出不同的共晶组织;当Al含量大于5.5wt%时,出现（β-NiAl+Ni7Hf2）或（γ′+β-NiAl+Ni7Hf2）共晶：当Al量小于5.5wt%时,会出现（γ′+Ni7Hf2）、（γ+γ′+Ni7Hf2）或（γ+Ni7Hf2）共晶组织。并且得出（Ni-20Hf-8Cr-8W-5.3Al）wt%的合金具有（γ′+Ni7Hf2）共晶,适宜选做为以Ni7Hf2增强的共晶复合材料的合金成份。     

离子束辅助沉积WS_2-Ti-Ag复合薄膜的摩擦性能

采用ZDH-100型号离子束复合沉积设备沉积WS_2-Ti-Ag复合薄膜,基材为轴承钢和单晶硅(100).采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、XRD衍射仪,检测复合薄膜的表面形貌、微观结构.采用球-盘式摩擦磨损试验机,对复合薄膜在大气环境中的摩擦性能进行了研究.结果表明:采用离子束辅助沉积技术制备的WS_2-Ti-Ag复合薄膜是非晶态薄膜;并且随法向载荷的增加,复合薄膜的摩擦因数减小,摩擦状态越稳定,耐磨寿命越短.     

纳米CaCO3／PPS复合材料微观结构及性能研究

纳米碳酸钙(CaCO3)与聚苯硫醚(PPS)通过熔融共混挤出制得复合材料,通过透射电镜对纳米碳酸钙的形态及粒径分布进行观察,并用原子力显微镜、力学测试等方法对复合材料微观结构和力学性能进行表征.结果表明,纳米碳酸钙的平均粒径约56nm,从复合材料表面形貌可见纳米碳酸钙分散在树脂基体里,少量粒子变形;复合材料的韧性得到明显提高,在添加量为5wt%时,冲击强度达到74.13kJ/m2,抗拉强度则在10wt%时达到最大,83.73MPa.     

PVC 阻燃酚醛纤维的制备及其性能

以聚氯乙烯(PVC)改性酚醛树脂为原料,采用熔融纺丝法制备出PVC阻燃酚醛纤维.通过SEM、DMA、TG、Fr-IR等分析手段,对PVC阻燃酚醛纤维的结构和性能进行了研究.与纯酚醛纤维相比,PVC阻燃纤维的韧性和阻燃性提高,但其热稳定性和残碳率稍有降低.当PVC含量为0.5wt％时,其拉伸强度从123 MPa提高至150 MPa,极限氧指数从32.1％提高至38.5％,在空气气氛下600℃的残碳率从87.4％降至70.9％,在氮气气氛下1 000℃的残碳率从62.8％降至59.7％.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of In-situ Synthesized Al2O3/TiAl Composites

Al2O3 particle-reinforced TiAl composites are successfully reaction-synthesized from the powder mixture of Ti, Al, TiO2, and Nb2O5, using the hot pressing reaction synthesis technique. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-sintered products are investigated. It is found that in the as-sintered products consisting of γ-TiAl, α2-Ti3Al, Al2O3, and NbAl3 phases, the fine Al2O3 particles tend to disperse on the grain boundaries. With the Nb2O5 content increasing, the grains are remarkably refined and the Al2O3 particles are dispersing more uniformly in the TiAl matrix, forming a partial lamellar structure containing α and lamellar phases. The hardness of the in-situ composites increases gradually, and the bending strength and the fracture toughness of the as-sintered products reach the maximum value of 398.5 MPa and 6.99 MPa·m^1/2, respectively, as the Nb2O5 content increases to 6 wt%.     

Effects of B on the Microstructure and Oxidation Resistance of Nb-Ti-Si-based Ultrahigh-temperature Alloy

Nb-Ti-Si-based ultrahigh-temperature alloys concocted with boron ranging from 0 to 2 at% are prepared by arc-melting technology. The effects of adding boron on their as-melted microstructure and oxidation resistance are analyzed. The (Nb,Ti)ss, β-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ and γ-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ exist in Nb-22Ti-16Si-6Cr-3Al-4Hf alloy, while (Nb,Ti)ss, α-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ and γ-(Nb,Ti)₅Si₃ are present in Nb-22Ti-16Si-6Cr-3Al-4Hf-1B and Nb-22Ti-16Si-6Cr-3Al-4Hf-2B alloys. The oxidation of Nb-Ti-Si-based ultrahigh-temperature alloys is dominated by the diffusion of oxygen through (Nb,Ti)ss. Compared to boron-free alloys, the boron-containing alloys have significantly lower oxidation rate when oxidized at 1 200 °C for less than 50 h, but, for more than 50 h, their oxidation resistance deteriorates.     

Oriented molybdenum disulfide-silica/hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber composites: Effects of nanosheets on mechanical and dielectric properties

A series of non-covalently functionalized molybdenum disulfide-silica (f-MoS₂-SiO₂) nanocomposites was prepared by an in-situ assembled method and used to fabricate the oriented molybdenum disulfide-SiO₂/Hydrogenated Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (f-MoS₂-SiO₂/HNBR) composites. The characterization results show the synergistic dispersion between the functionalized molybdenum disulfide (f-MoS₂) nanosheets and SiO₂ nanoparticles. The addition of f-MoS₂ nanosheets can improve the dispersion of fillers in the rubber matrix and weaken the filler network. The non-covalently functionalization improves the interface interaction between f-MoS₂ nanosheets and the rubber matrix. Furthermore, the tensile strength of f-MoS₂-SiO₂/HNBR is 65.9% higher than that of SiO₂/HNBR by adding 1.0wt% of f-MoS₂. At the same time, the dielectric constant of f-MoS₂-SiO₂/HNBR is increased by 23.7% compared to SiO₂/HNBR due to the micro-capacitor structure of parallel f-MoS₂ nanosheets in the rubber matrix. Our work provides new ideas for the development of high-performance elastomer materials.     

石墨烯/二氧化硅三维杂化材料的制备及其在改性酚醛泡沫中的应用

为了得到结构和力学性能良好的酚醛泡沫,利用原位生成的方法制备了石墨烯/二氧化硅(GNPs/SiO_2)杂化材料,并将其用于酚醛泡沫的制备当中。对杂化材料进行了红外光谱分析,透射电镜以及X射线衍射分析,验证了石墨烯表面SiO_2球体(粒径在150~180 nm)的存在。对泡沫的结构和压缩性能进行对比分析,发现三维杂化材料相比二维石墨烯能够更好的改善酚醛泡沫的泡孔结构,杂化材料为0.5wt%时,GNPs/SiO_2改性酚醛泡沫的泡孔尺寸更小,结构更均匀;同时杂化材料改性酚醛泡沫表现出更优异的力学性能,其压缩强度和弹性模量分别达到0.22和4.1 MPa,比纯酚醛泡沫分别提高了91%和86%。     

原位反应合成Nb掺杂Al2O3/TiAl复合材料的显微结构分析

利用Al-Ti-TiO2体系原位反应合成了Nb掺杂Al2O3／TiAl复合材料。借助XRD和SEM研究了Nb掺杂Al2O3／TiAl的显微结构以及Nb引入量对复合材料显微结构的影响。结果表明，复合材料由TiAl、Ti3Al、Al2O3、Nb和NbAl3相构成，细小Al2O3颗粒分布于基体晶粒交界处，存在一定的团聚；Nb元素引入量的高低，可调节产物中TiAl和Ti3Al的相对含量，随Nb含量的增大，TiAl含量逐渐减少，Ti3Al则逐渐增大；同时，基体晶粒和Al2O3颗粒均有所细化，且分布逐渐均匀，材料的均匀性得到改善。     

Influence of welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of electron beam welded Ti60 to GH3128 joint with a Cu interlayer

Effects of welding parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti/Cu/Ni joint welded by electron beam were investigated. High welding heat input increased the melting quantity of Ti60 titanium alloy and promoted the formation of Ti–Cu intermetallic compounds (IMC) such as Ti₂Cu and Ti₃Cu₄, increasing the brittleness of the joints. Low welding heat input was not conducive to the complete melting of the copper interlayer, and the unmelted copper reduced the performance of the joints. Under the optimal welding parameters, Ti–Ni IMCs in the weld would be replaced by (Cu, Ni) solid solutions ((Cu, Ni)_ss). However, Ti–Cu IMC layers cannot be eliminated entirely by changing the welding parameters. The maximum tensile strength of the joints was 201 MPa. The fracture of the joints occurred at the Ti–Cu IMC layer, which was a typical brittle fracture.     

激光毛化对Cf/SiC与TC4钎焊接头组织及性能的影响

由于线胀系数差异大,Cf/Si C复合材料与TC4钛合金钎焊接头容易形成较大的内应力而开裂失效。为了进一步提高接头强度,应用激光毛化工艺在Cf/Si C表面烧蚀出微孔,采用银基钎料对Cf/Si C与TC4进行钎焊。焊后对接头力学性能进行测试,对接头界面及断口显微组织进行观察。结果表明:焊前对Cf/Si C表面进行激光毛化处理,钎料能够填充微孔并形成良好的钎焊界面,能够提高Cf/Si C与TC4钎焊接头的剪切强度。     

含金属固体推进剂燃烧残渣的成分分析

借助于近代物理分析技术（如Ｘ射线衍射、光电子能谱）及化学分析法，对含金属（硼／铝）固体推进剂燃烧后残渣的成分进行了较为全面的分析。在定性分析的基础上，着重介绍了残渣中剩余金属及其它成分的定量分析方法，包括Ｘ射线衍射及化学滴定法（氧化－还原滴定、酸碱滴定）。     

纳米SiO2填充杂萘联苯聚醚酮复合材料的性能研究

采用悬浮液共混法制备了纳米SiO2填充新型含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳醚酮(PPEK)复合材料,并对其力学性能、摩擦性能和热学性能进行了研究。结果表明：当纳米SiO2含量为1％时,复合材料的综合力学性能最佳;纳米SiO2的加入,使得复合材料的摩擦性能比纯树脂有了明显提高,当纳米SiO2含量达到7％时,摩擦磨损综合性能最好,且在大载荷下纳米SiO2更能有效改善复合材料的摩擦磨损性能。DSC测试表明,7％纳米SiO2填充PPEK的玻璃化转变温度与纯PPEK相当。     

Ba2Ti9O20/PTFE复合材料的组织及力学性能

采用类似于粉末冶金工艺制备了Ba2Ti9O20/PTFE高频基片复合材料，通过DSC研究PTFE的结晶行为，SEM及三点弯曲法分析了组织结构特征及力学性能。结果表明。Ba2Ti9O20的加入提高了PTFE的结晶温度，其粒子均匀分散在PTFE树脂基体中，随其含量的增加，复合材料的抗弯强度，弹性模量单调升高，当其含量达到30％，（体积分数）时两项性能均达到峰值，分别为16．4MPa,4.6GPa。