遥感系列卫星在轨微振动测量与分析

在遥感系列卫星上装载了微振动环境测量系统并进行了在轨微振动环境测量。文章介绍了4颗遥感卫星的在轨微振动环境参数获取与分析。结果表明:星上各活动部件中主要的扰振源为反作用轮和辐射计/散射计转动机构;卫星稳定运行时的最大微振动量级约为57 mg,传递到光学敏感设备衰减度约为15%。     

Intelligent spacecraft module

The paper presents the development of an on-going research project that focuses on a human-centered design approach to habitable spacecraft modules. It focuses on the technical requirements and proposes approaches on how to achieve a spatial arrangement of the interior that addresses sufficiently the functional, physiological and psychosocial needs of the people living and working in such confined spaces that entail long-term environmental threats to human health and performance. Since the research perspective examines the issue from a qualitative point of view, it is based on establishing specific relationships between the built environment and its users, targeting people?s bodily and psychological comfort as a measure toward a successful mission. This research has two basic branches, one examining the context of the system?s operation and behavior and the other in the direction of identifying, experimenting and formulating the environment that successfully performs according to the desired context. The latter aspect is researched upon the construction of a scaled-model on which we run series of tests to identify the materiality, the geometry and the electronic infrastructure required. Guided by the principles of sensponsive architecture, the ISM research project explores the application of the necessary spatial arrangement and behavior for a user-centered, functional interior where the appropriate intelligent systems are based upon the existing mechanical and chemical support ones featured on space today, and especially on the ISS. The problem is set according to the characteristics presented at the Mars500 project, regarding the living quarters of six crew-members, along with their hygiene, leisure and eating areas. Transformable design techniques introduce spatial economy, adjustable zoning and increased efficiency within the interior, securing at the same time precise spatial orientation and character at any given time. The sensponsive configuration is programmed to exhibit behavior in direct relation to human activity. It is based upon two active systems, the Activity Evaluation System (AES) and the Response System (RS), with combined action that is always open to the control of the user. The AES monitors the daily schedule of the astronauts in order to find patterns of activity, understand the context of actions and moreover to assess the psychological condition of the crew-members. If it finds cause for intervention, AES will give way to the RS which employs smart materials, controllers and actuators in order to perform required changes in the environmental factors, both spatial (volume and surface) and ambient (audio, visual, olfactory, and haptic), and induce a desirable spatial and/or psychological condition that is beneficial for the astronauts? comfort and well being.     

MTF对立体测绘高程精度影响研究

MTF（调制传递函数）是反映测绘相机性能的重要指标,研究MTF对测绘高程精度的影响可以对相机的设计指标提出要求,对提高测绘精度具有极其重要的意义。文章通过计算机仿真的方法进行研究,利用3DStudioMax软件构建三维模型与模拟成像、用Harris算子提取图像特征点,并用奇异值分解与最小二乘法进行特征点的匹配,通过前方...     

伴飞诱饵支援条件下无人飞行器协同作战效能研究

针对复杂的威胁环境，介绍了伴飞诱饵在体系作战条件下的应用情况；基于排队论的突防概率模型，研究了伴飞诱饵支援条件下，无人飞行器的协同突防概率和效费比：提出了作战体系作战时效性的概念；建立了火力对抗条件下无人飞行器打击防空导弹防御体系的Lanchester方程，利用所建模型分析了伴飞诱饵对作战时效性的贡献。研究表明，排队论和Lanchester方程用于伴飞诱饵条件下的无人飞行器协同作战效能研究是有效的。     

真空环境下液体射流雾化特性的实验研究

为研究真空环境下液体的雾化特性及其影响因素,建立了真空环境喷雾实验系统。用水模拟液体推进剂,真空环境舱的初始真空度小于10Pa,采用高速动态分析系统测量了喷雾场。结果表明,真空环境下液体射流的闪蒸是其破碎与雾化的主要因素之一;喷射速度较低时喷口发生结冰现象;随着喷射雷诺数的增大,破碎长度变长而雾化锥角减小;喷射速度相同时,喷嘴直径增大,破碎长度和雾化锥角随之增大。     

美军电磁环境效应试验设施及其能力分析

美军将复杂电磁环境与电子战研究密切联系,在此基础上开展电磁环境效应研究。在靶场利用各种实装系统和大量的威胁模拟器,综合计算机仿真的方法,构建出逼真的战场复杂电磁环境,为进行电磁环境效应评估奠定了基础。介绍了美军主要电子战试验靶场电磁环境效应试验的设施,并对其能力特点进行了初步分析。     

在轨服务系统评估方案研究

在轨服务系统是复杂的空间应用系统,直观、有效的评估方法将对该系统总体研究工作以及今后的任务实施起到重要的指导作用.为对在轨服务系统完成任务的能力做出科学合理的评估,在把握相关领域技术发展的前提下,建立了在轨服务系统综合效能评估指标体系.运用层次分析法和灵敏度分析的思路.研究了在轨服务系统效能评估方法,为在轨服务系统的建设提供理论参考.     

飞轮拟主动隔振方法

航天器上安装的精密有效载荷需要一个十分“安静”的工作环境,而作为一个主要的     

载人航天器大气环境控制系统性能集成分析

考虑到载人航天器大气环境控制系统设计参数和控制参数众多,文章建立了一种载人航天器大气环境控制系统性能集成仿真分析模型,包括舱体模块、航天员模块、舱压控制模块、温湿度控制模块和二氧化碳净化模块。利用该模型对载人航天器常规工作模式下大气环境控制系统性能进行了计算分析,得到了在不同热负荷水平下载人航天器密封舱空气各个参数随在轨时间的变化趋势,结果表明:氧分压控制、二氧化碳净化和人区温湿度控制之间存在着密切的相互影响关系,不可孤立地进行分析。此外,文章还分析确定了非常规工作模式下热负荷水平允许上限,为载人航天器工作模式的确定提供了依据。研究结果有助于载人航天器大气环境控制系统的设计和流程改进。     

用于真空低温环境的热像仪设备舱方案设计和分析

为实现热像仪在真空低温环境下对目标红外辐射的测量,设计了热像仪设备舱。该舱主要包括机械结构与电气系统,可为热像仪提供温度可控、压力基本恒定的环境。其中,机械结构实现热像仪的结构支撑和密封,电气系统实现舱内的温度控制以及压力监测。文章运用有限元软件仿真分析了温度控制系统可实现的控温范围,并用试验方法验证了仿真分析方法的可靠性;还对设备舱的压力变化及密封圈所需的预紧力进行了估算。分析表明该设备舱能够为热像仪在真空低温环境下提供正常的工作条件。     

不同尾翼受发动机羽流作用对弹体飞行性能的影响

针对某型靶弹在试验飞行时采用不同尾翼布局所得的截然不同的飞行结果，开展了固体火箭发动机喷流干扰对飞行器飞行性能影响的研究。结果表明，发动机喷流与发动机推力偏心、偏斜的共同作用将对飞行器飞行姿态和弹道产生影响，且影响程度与飞行器尾布局有很大关系。     

电子信息系统复杂电磁环境效应研究初探

电子信息系统复杂电磁环境效应是指复杂电磁环境对电子信息系统的影响,是一个涉及社会和国防多个应用领域的重要问题.从电子信息系统复杂电磁环境效应概念出发,首先与电磁环境效应概念进行了比较分析,继而将研究分解为复杂电磁环境特性与模拟、复杂电磁环境综合效应机理和电子信息系统效能评估理论三个方面,最后给出了这三个方面的具体研究思路,并探讨了开展研究的一般性方法.     

European spaceflight at the crossroads

Plans for Europe's future participation in space development are still under active discussion. This article offers a contribution to the debate, considering how Europe can best fulfil its own objectives. Choice of launch vehicle and its payload, as well as of other tools such as space station, re-entry vehicle, and launch site equipment are analysed. The article also discusses the purposes of space research for Europe, and the costs of a useful programme. A far-reaching European space programme still needs to be drawn up if Europe is not to lose out.     

Impact of Regionalization and Detour on Ad-hoc Path Choice

Abstract

Regionalization has been found to impact human route planning, both when the planning is based on a previously learned environment encoded in memory and when maps are used. This paper presents an experiment in a virtual desktop environment and examines how the length of the path in the start region or goal region impacts ad-hoc route choice, i.e., in situations where the decision is made right after perceiving the decision situation. More specifically, this research aims at quantifying the trade-off value between short travel distances and leaving the start as well as reaching the goal region quicker, respectively.     

主星带伴随小卫星编队SAR系统干涉测高精度与编队构形设计

针对主星伴随小卫星编队SAR新的干涉几何关系,在给出其新的干涉测高原理的基础上,建立了绝对高程误差模型和相对高程误差模型。分析了空间基线姿态参数与测高精度之间的关系,给出了具有一般性意义的测高精度关于三维基线姿态的分布全貌图。以此测高精度分布图对两种典型编队构型的测高性能进行了分析,指出两种编队在设计上的先进性,证明了该图对基于测高性能的编队构型优化设计具有重要意义。     

复杂电磁环境量化分级研究综述

对复杂电磁环境进行分类分级研究是认识电磁环境的基础,建立一套对其准确描述的量化表征方法,对精确制导武器的研制、部队训练与演习等具有重要意义。分析了国内外对复杂电磁环境量化分级的研究现状,指出当前量化方法在指导实践中存在的问题,最后提出了基于干扰调制与干扰强度指标的量化表征方法。     

系统仿真及其在防空导弹武器系统研制中的应用

阐述了仿真、仿真模型和仿真系统的应用特点和关键技术，并以战术导弹为例探讨了系统仿真在武器系统研制、试验和降低成本中的重要作用；介绍了国外８０年代以来发展的分布交互式仿真（ＤＩＳ）系统，它们既包括虚拟仿真，也可将真实仿真和构造仿真接入仿真系统，使仿真的范围大为扩展。ＤＩＳ技术构建的人工合成环境，是一个多武器平台的网络式综合仿真系统，具备人机交互功能，可进行武器研究和大系统虚拟对抗演习等；最后，提出了研究和发展我国防空武器仿真系统的几点建议。     

On the structure of the floating zone in melting

Floating zone melting is used in crystal growth and purification of high melting materials. The use of a reduced gravity environment will remove the constraint imposed on the length of the zone by the hydrostatic pressure. The equilibrium of the floating zone may involve, (1) Hydrostatic forces, when the zone rotates as a whole. (2) Convective driving forces, when the zone is stationary but fluid property gradients appear. (3) Hydrodynamic forces, when some parts of the zone are set into motion with respect to others. The last effects are considered in this paper. The flow pattern of a floating zone held between two discs in relative motion is complicated, and thence the solution of the problem is difficult even assuming a constant property-newtonian liquid. Nevertheless, when a small parameter appears in the problem, the complete flow field can be split into zones where simple solutions are found. To illustrate this approach, the spin-up from rest of an initially cylindrical floating zone is considered with detail. Here the small parameter is the time elapsed from the impulsive starting of motion. Since the problem which has been considered, as well as some others which can be tackled by use of similar methods, concern the viscous layer close to either plate, they can be simulated experimentally in the ground laboratory with short floating zones. Procedures to produce these zones are indicated.     

复杂电磁环境下雷达侦察系统的干扰抑制方法

研究了复杂电磁环境下雷达侦察系统的干扰抑制技术,分析了某雷达侦察系统采用的几种抗干扰方式,用试验数据论证干扰抑制方法的可行性,并指出其优势和劣势。最后展望了该领域的趋势和前景。     

惯组飞行角振动环境测量与环境条件设计

在多维振动环境下的惯组动态导航精度试验是考核惯组在接近真实飞行环境下精度指标能否满足要求的重要试验,如何合理制定多维振动环境条件一直是型号面临的难题。本文提出了一种火箭飞行中惯组角振动环境的测量方案,通过多个振动传感器的合理布置方式,并进行数据分析处理,实现了利用普通振动传感器测量飞行过程的角振动环境。应用此技术,在某型号飞行试验中首次成功获取惯组在主动段和再入段飞行的角振动环境,制定出了接近真实飞行状态的多维振动环境试验条件,避免了以往仅凭经验制定试验条件带来的风险。