邻苯二甲腈基联苯型酚醛树脂的制备与性能

以碱为催化剂,通过联苯型酚醛树脂与4-硝基邻苯二甲腈之间的亲核取代反应,制备了邻苯二甲腈基联苯型酚醛树脂(PBN).流变性能测试结果表明,PBN树脂在180 ～ 300℃,黏度＜400 mPa·s,表明该树脂具有优良的加工性能.DSC测试结果表明,PBN树脂的固化温度为280～450℃,固化反应峰值温度为377℃,固化放热约为187 J/g.该树脂表现出优良的耐热性,其储能模量起始下降温度高于450℃,Td5约为529℃,氮气氛围、900℃残碳率约为78％.     

多炔基加成固化型高残碳酚醛树脂的制备与性能

以碱为催化剂,通过问乙炔基苯基重氮硫酸盐和酚醛树脂间的偶合反应,制备了间乙炔基苯偶氮酚醛树脂(EPAN).树脂的固化由乙炔基的热加成反应实现,无需外加固化剂.该树脂具有固化反应活性高,耐热性好,残碳率高的特点.为了进一步改善该树脂的工艺性,合成了炔丙基基团官能化的乙炔基苯偶氮酚醛树脂(PEPAN),研究了该树脂的工艺性、固化行为以及热性能.研究结果表明,与EPAN相比,树脂的工艺性得到进一步提高,加工窗口明显变宽,树脂固化物的耐热性明显提高,其5%失重温度(Td5)约为432℃,800℃残碳率约为74%.     

炔基酚醛树脂防热复合材料的研究

以碱为催化剂,通过间乙炔基苯基重氮硫酸盐和酚醛树脂间的偶合反应,制备出间乙炔基苯偶氮酚醛树脂简称炔基酚醛树脂(EPAN),采用该树脂制备了硅墓/炔基酚醛树脂复合材料.研究结果表明:该树脂浸胶工艺性好,固化反应活性高,制备出的复合材料高温力学性能保持率好、残碳率高.     

4-苯氧基邻苯二甲腈的合成研究

以4-硝基邻苯二甲腈和苯酚为原料，DMSO为溶剂，在K2CO3存在下80％进行硝基亲核取代反应制得了4-苯氧基邻苯二甲腈化合物。反应过程中采取两步法合成，首先使苯酚和K2CO3反应生成酚盐，然后再与4-硝基邻苯二甲腈反应生成目标产物。该反应过程平稳，产物经重结晶提纯后，收率为97．7％，熔点为102—103℃。傅里叶红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱的测定结果证明了产物的分子结构。     

基于原位红外光谱的热固性酚醛树脂固化过程研究

采用原位红外光谱测试方法,通过对同一样品在连续变温过程中的红外谱图分析研究热固性酚醛树脂在固化过程中的化学结构变化和固化行为。结果表明:该热固性酚醛树脂的固化过程主要存在两种反应,羟甲基与酚环上的氢之间的取代反应、羟甲基与羟甲基间的缩合反应,且取代反应早于缩合反应发生。随红外曲线的实时变化可知,羟甲基的缩合反应过程中有醚键形成,而羰基的出现与醚键的消失有关。通过对酚醛固化过程中基团变化的连续实时监测,可为热固性酚醛树脂的固化工艺的确定提供科学依据。     

酚醛树脂固化度的X射线衍射分析

发展使用Ｘ射线衍技术对酚醛树脂固化度进行研究，确定了酚醛树脂固化度与Ｘ射线散射最大值的 关系，得出了利用２θ角来标定树脂固化度的公式。该方法具有快速、无损、灵敏度主同的优点，并可适用于各种不同的酚醛树脂。     

碳/碳复合材料用基体先驱体研究进展

综述了碳／碳复合材料用基体先驱体如沥青、酚醛树脂、邻苯二甲腈树脂和炔类树脂的合成及改性研究。为开发新一代低成本、高性能碳／碳复合材料提供了方向。     

苯并噁嗪/酚醛共混树脂反应特性的研究

对苯并嗯嗪／酚醛共混树脂的反应特性进行了研究，包括共混树脂的粘温特性、反应动力学参数的计算、共固化机理等。结果表明：苯并嗯嗪树脂与酚醛树脂几乎能以任意比例混合固化；苯并嗯嗪质量分数为40％的共混树脂FBZ／4，其粘温特性和DSC分析表明，反应活性优于其它几种共混树脂。     

用于RTM工艺的烧蚀树脂及其复合材料

根据烧蚀防热复合材料RTM制备技术对树脂的要求,研究了一种适合于RTM工艺的无溶剂高残碳烧蚀树脂及其法向增强复合材料,详细讨论了树脂的黏度-温度特性、耐热性能、烧蚀性能及烧蚀复合材料的力学性能、热物理性能,并对制备的烧蚀防热材料构件进行了固体发动机热试车考核。结果表明:采用多环芳香酚改性的高邻位酚醛树脂工艺适用期长达120min、残碳率达67. 1%,使用该树脂制备的几种法向增强的复合材料层剪强度达39. 3MPa以上;该类树脂基烧蚀防热材料可作为固体火箭发动机扩张段的标准材料。     

炔丙基化酚醛树脂的合成

酚醛树脂具有阻燃、耐烧蚀等独特性能，在航天领域有广泛的应用。但其固化物具有脆性大，耐热氧化性差，贮存性不理想及不适于大部件的缠绕工艺等缺点限制了应用范围，从酚醛树脂分子结构和固化化学着手进行改性，正成为防热复合材料基体树脂研究的热点。本成果合成出新型自固化型含炔基酚醛树脂，     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.