LY12蠕变时效成形机制及回弹规律研究

研究了LY12的蠕变时效成形过程中第二相的析出演变特征,从微观角度分析了蠕变时效成形的强化机制。修正蠕变本构方程并开发为ABAQUS/CREEP,模拟研究了时效时间、时效温度和预弯半径对回弹规律的影响,建立了回弹函数。验证结果表明,回弹函数的计算准确率较高。     

整体壁板时效成形的回弹预测及模面补偿技术

时效成形是一种用于制造飞机整体壁板零件的成形工艺。由于其具有回弹量大的特点,需要开发一种准确预测成形后回弹量的方法,并在此基础上对模具型面进行补偿,以消除回弹对成形精度的影响。本文将有限元法应用于网格式高筋壁板时效成形及回弹的分析,并通过实验验证了有限元预测回弹量的准确性。提出了一种基于有限元回弹预测的适用于铝合金时效成形的模具型面补偿算法,并应用该算法进行了复杂高筋整体壁板局部件时效成形的修模计算分析。通过9次迭代计算,零件成形误差减小到0.4 mm以内,证明了该算法具有收敛速度快、精度高的优点。     

基于滚弯预变形的新型Al-Li-Cu-Mg合金蠕变时效成形试验研究

开展新型A1-Li-Cu-Mg合金薄壁板蠕变时效成形试验研究.通过对固溶态和T8态板料的蠕变拉伸性能和单曲率弯曲回弹率进行对比,掌握了新型铝锂合金蠕变时效成形特征,发现新型铝锂合金蠕变时效成形能力较差,单纯靠蠕变时效成形,无法成形出最终零件型面.本文提出基于滚弯预变形的蠕变时效复合成形工艺方法,满足了目标零件型面要求,对新一代飞机机身结构件的制造提供理论及数据参考.     

7B04铝合金厚板蠕变时效成形有限元分析

蠕变时效成形是一种针对制造大型飞机整体壁板零件而开发的成形工艺.该工艺基于材料在适当温度下能同时进行人工时效和蠕变,从而引发应力松弛,使得成形后零件的力学性能好且生产成本低.根据试验数据确定了铝合金材料蠕变本构方程中的材料常数,并应用商业化有限元软件ABAQUS分析了7B04铝合金厚板的弯曲蠕变过程及回弹效应.     

大型构件蠕变时效成形技术研究

蠕变时效成形技术是为实现大型整体壁板构件高性能与精确成形协同制造而发展起来的一种新型钣金成形方法.分析了大型整体壁板构件的特点和蠕变时效成形技术的原理,从蠕变时效材料本构建模、模具型面回弹补偿和模具设计3个关键方面重点阐述了蠕变时效成形技术的研究进展,并且从材料本构向构件本构发展、蠕变成形向塑变与蠕变复合成形发展和简单热力能场向多级复合能场时效成形发展3个研究热点阐述了该技术进一步发展面临的挑战.     

铝合金厚板时效成形回弹补偿算法

 时效成形是一种适用于飞机整体壁板零件制造的成形工艺,具有回弹量大的特点,因此需要在准确预测回弹量的基础上对模具型面进行修正,以消除回弹对成形精度的影响。本文提出了一种基于有限元计算驱动的适用于铝合金时效成形的模具型面迭代修正算法,并应用该算法进行了单曲率的圆柱面零件、双曲率的球面零件及马鞍形零件的修模计算分析。通过4次迭代计算,使圆柱面和球面零件成形误差减小到0.4 mm以内;通过5次迭代,使马鞍形零件除4个角部外,其余部位型面误差小于0.5 mm。证明了该回弹补偿算法具有计算精度高、收敛速度快的优点。     

贮箱顶盖应力松弛时效成形过程建模仿真与试验

基于2219铝合金的应力松弛时效宏微观统一本构方程,对其进行用户子程序二次开发,并编译到非线性有限元分析软件MSC. Marc,建立了2219铝合金贮箱顶盖应力松弛时效成形过程的仿真模型,分析了顶盖应力松弛时效成形过程的应力应变和力学性能演变规律;开展了基于回弹补偿分析的模具型面优化设计,确定了满足成形目标要求的模具型面,进行了2219铝合金贮箱顶盖应力松弛时效成形试验,并与仿真结果进行对比分析。结果表明:顶盖应力松弛时效成形试验结果与有限元仿真结果吻合较好,两者成形型面半径相对偏差0.22%,屈服强度相对偏差为3.13%;顶盖成形试验后的型面与目标型面半径的相对偏差为0.52%,力学性能满足目标设计要求。综上所述,所建立的有限元模型能够准确预测顶盖的应力松弛时效成形过程形性演变规律,可以用来指导2219铝合金贮箱顶盖应力松弛时效成形制造。     

振动对7055铝合金蠕变时效成形的影响

采用自制单曲率蠕变成形模具和振动试验平台,在淬火态7055铝合金板材蠕变时效成形过程中引入振动作用。研究了成形曲率、温度与振动方式对试样回弹量、力学性能和微观组织的影响。结果表明:在一定时间范围内,振动蠕变成形加速应力松弛,降低回弹量;促进铝合金的强化相析出且分布更加弥散;提高强度。在本文的试验条件下(120℃/24h),引入振动使峰值时效试样的强度提高7%,回弹量降低12.3%。     

大型机翼整体壁板时效成形技术

 分析了单级时效、双/多级时效、振动时效以及应力位向效应等工艺措施和因素对铝合金机翼整体壁板材料时效成形特性的影响,得到以下结论：应采用双/多级时效处理,以提高成形后壁板材料的综合性能;应采用振动时效应力松弛,以加速应力松弛,降低回弹,并提高成形后壁板材料的抗疲劳性能;对时效过程中存在应力位向效应的铝合金,应设计合适的时间温度曲线与加载曲线,以避免壁板材料因应力位向效应产生各向异性,导致材料屈服强度降低。提出了大型机翼整体壁板时效成形的工艺流程,给出了成形过程中热压罐内的温度时间曲线和气压时间曲线;提出了成形工装的模块化、标准化与柔性化设计以及解决壁板时效成形回弹问题的有限元方法,并对中国研究发展大型机翼整体壁板时效成形技术提出了建议。     

大型复杂锯齿形化铣蒙皮成形工艺分析与优化

针对形面复杂、成形工艺流程长、加工难度大的复杂化铣类锯齿蒙皮零件,以飞机外蒙皮为例,对零件的形面特点及加工工艺难点进行分析。采用技术方案理论分析及 ABAQUS 有限元仿真模拟成形过程技术,对复杂锯齿蒙皮采用蒙皮拉伸成形加工过程中遇到的难点及蒙皮拉伸成形中锯齿蒙皮零件内部结构的应力、应变分布、整体变形、减薄,以及充分回弹后与工装的贴合情况进行了分析。通过有限元模拟仿真技术对蒙皮拉伸成形结果的预测,进而优化相应的工装设计结构和蒙皮拉伸成形设备的加工参数,来减少传统钣金加工零件成形过程中的试错过程,进而提高锯齿蒙皮零件的成形质量、节约工装制造费用、缩短零件制造周期。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。