复合材料层压板冲击后压缩研究

针对同一种材料组成、不同铺层的复合材料层压板,研究了低速冲击后,层压板压缩性能。结果表明:层压板在受冲击后的压缩破坏模式为穿过损伤区中间的压缩破坏(LDM~①)。凹坑深度-冲击能量曲线和冲击后压缩破坏应变-凹坑深度曲线均在凹坑深度1.0mm附近出现了拐点现象。取凹坑深度在1.0mm附近试件的破坏强度和破坏应变的平均值,即为三种铺层的层压板的冲击后压缩强度值和破坏应变值。     

混杂纤维复合材料层板的抗弹冲击性能

为了考察混杂纤维复合材料层板的抗弹冲击性能,采用碳纤维织物或玻璃纤维织物与芳纶纤维织物复合材料层共固化的方式,利用热压罐成型工艺制备了几种具有不同面密度及铺层结构的混杂纤维复合材料层板,并进行抗弹冲击性能测试、表观形貌观察和无损检测分析。结果表明:纯芳纶纤维及混杂纤维复合材料层板的钢弹冲击破坏模式相同,均为表层剪切破坏,中间层分层破坏,背层拉伸断裂破坏;层间混杂顺序对复合材料层板的分层缺陷面积有较大影响,当碳纤维层作为背层时,层板的分层缺陷面积为12 863. 6 mm2小于玻璃纤维层作为背层时(17 400. 5 mm2);当芳纶层作为背板时,混杂纤维复合材料层板冲击后分层缺陷面积与纯芳纶的相当(14 151. 0～14 927. 0 mm2)。混杂纤维复合材料对层板的抗弹冲击性能有较大影响,混杂后复合材料的弹道极限速度(v50)均有一定程度的提高,其中玻璃纤维/芳纶复合材料的v50从纯芳纶复合材料层板的193. 08提高至204. 33 m/s。将碳纤维层或玻璃纤维层作为着弹面层的混杂纤维复合材料层板具有更优异的抗弹冲击性能,其贯穿比吸能(BPI)均优于纯芳纶复合材料层板。     

铺层结构对复合材料层合板拉伸性能的影响

设计并制备了6种不同铺层结构的层合板,通过对其进行拉伸试验,研究了不同铺层角度及不同铺层比例对层合板拉伸性能的影响。通过试验获得了6种复合材料层合板在拉伸试验中所能承受的极限拉伸强度,损伤特征以及载荷-位移曲线。结果表明:随着偏轴角增大,复合材料层合板拉伸强度逐渐降低,当45°和90°铺层体积分数相同时,45°铺层的层合板拉伸强度高于90°铺层的层合板;[0°/45°]铺层在表面可有效减小分层面积,由于内部剪切作用[0/90°]铺层更易出现分层。验证了复合材料层合板可通过改变铺层角度设计其力学性能。     

混合机织复合材料低速冲击损伤有限元分析

将二维机织碳布和单向碳布预浸料按照一定比例铺设成的混合机织复合材料兼具比刚度、比强度高、抗低速冲击损伤以及工艺性好等优点.采用基于三维非协调层合元的动力学有限元分析方法,对由二维机织缎纹碳布和单向碳布混合铺设而成的复合材料层合板进行了低速冲击有限元计算分析.针对二维机织碳布的特殊力学性质,提出了修正的分层扩展判据,建立了低速冲击损伤面积的分析方法.在不同冲击能量下,针对不同铺层结构和厚度的计算结果与试验结果皆吻合的很好.分析结果表明,由于分层破坏机理不同,加入机织铺层后能够有效降低低速冲击导致的分层损伤.     

碳纤维/ 环氧树脂层压板的冲击损伤

介绍了碳纤维/环氧树脂层压板冲击试验方法、低速冲击损伤模式、损伤破坏检测方法,总结了近年来冲击后剩余强度、疲劳性能及有限元数值模拟方面的研究进展,并对复合材料冲击方面进一步的研究进行了展望。     

复合材料层合板挖补修复工艺研究

针对不同挖补斜度的复合材料层合板使用韧性胶黏剂Araldite~@2015,对修补后的试件使用弯曲和拉伸性能进行评价。结果表明:铺层方式为[±45°]_(4s)层合板在弯曲载荷作用下修补后修补效率最高能达到119.6%,拉伸载荷作用下修补效率最高能达到71.4%;铺层方式为[0°/90°]_(4s)层合板在弯曲载荷作用下修补后修补效率最高能达到82.1%。结果可为实际修补提供依据和指导。     

复合材料薄板冲击后压缩性能研究

原有的冲击后压缩试验夹具无法防止薄板的整体失稳,为了获得正确的破坏模式,通过有限元分析设计了新的试验夹具。试验证明了新夹具的有效性,没有改变试件原有的应力状态,可以获得与标准试验相同的破坏模式。对比了不同铺层比和不同材料复合材料薄板的冲击后压缩性能。试验结果表明铺层比对冲击后压缩强度的影响很大,不同铺层比层合板的冲击后压缩破坏应变基本一致,织物铺叠层合板的CAI性能略与单向带铺叠的层合板差别不明显。     

三维编织与层合复合材料力学性能对比试验

对比研究利用相同碳纤维、基体和相同制备工艺(RTM)加工的三维多向编织和层合板复合材料的力学性能。四种三维多向编织结构分别利用三维四向、三维五向、三维六向和三维七向编织工艺制备;三种层合复合材料利用帘子布制成,分别为0°单向板、90°单向板和层合板[0/(±45)2/90]2s。采用相同的拉伸、压缩和剪切试验方法对各类试样进行试验。结果表明:与三维编织试样相比,0°单向板的拉伸和压缩性能最高,而其他层合试样的各项性能均较低;对于编织试样,编织角越小,纵向拉伸和压缩性能越高,剪切性能越低;编织结构也是影响编织试样力学性能的重要因素。同时,对试样的破坏模式也进行了讨论,发现编织结构和编织角是影响材料破坏模式的重要因素。     

CCF300/BA9916-2复合材料抗低能量撞击的性能研究

试验研究了新型复合材料CCF300/BA9916-2复合材料层合板,3种不同铺层的低速冲击后压缩载荷作用下的损伤特征。结果表明,不同铺层参数对层合板冲击损伤投影图形的长轴方向有一定的影响,但对冲击损伤投影面积大小几乎没有影响,层合板的剩余压缩强度、冲击损伤投影面积、凹坑深度三者之间没有直接关系。0°铺层含量对弹性模量、破坏应变和极限强度影响显著,随着0°铺层含量增加,弹性模量与极限强度变大,而破坏应变减小。随着冲击能量的增加,剩余强度指数型下降;在低速冲击下,冲击能量不影响层合板的弹性模量。     

含低速冲击损伤层压板的压缩破坏研究

对复合材料的结构损伤演化过程的研究在飞机结构设计中具有越来越重要的工程指导意义。针对含低速冲击损伤层压板的压缩分析,提出了一种考虑层间损伤的三维有限元模型,该模型通过层间节点耦合方式,将复合材料层压板各子层粘合到一起,能准确、形象的模拟层间的相互作用。同时,基于累积损伤思想开发了复合材料层压板压缩过程的损伤仿真程序,该...     

Comparative study of two lay-up sequence dispositions for flexible skin design of morphing leading edge

Morphing leading edge has great potential for noise abatement and aerodynamic efficiency improvement. The drooping effect is realized by bending of the flexible skin which encloses to form the leading edge. Since the flexible skin is often made of composite laminates of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics (GFRP), the lay-up sequences have become the determinant, which affects not only the morphing quality but also the manufacturing complexity. Two optimizing methods of lay-up sequences are comparatively studied. In the first method, the laminal quantities in 0°, ±45° and 90° vary independently, while in the second one, the concept of isotropic laminate unit [0/45/−45/90]s is employed and the unit quantity is the unique variable. Final evaluation demonstrates that for both methods there is insignificant impact to the overall morphing quality; however, specific concern is equally necessary for these two methods to the tip of the leading edge where the skin is at its minimum thickness and bears the most severe bending deformation. In terms of computational efficiency and post-processing labor, the second method has better performance.     

CFRP层板的落重冲击分层损伤研究

采用落重冲击试验方法研究了航空上常用的铺层形式为［Ｏ２／９Ｏ２／４５２／－４５２］ｓ的先进复合材料（ＣＦＲＰ）低能冲击损伤问题。重点讨论了落重冲击后分层损伤形貌、冲击能量Ｗ与分层面积Ａ之间的关系以及基体韧性对ＣＦＲＰ抗冲击性能影响。     

纤维复合材料的形变功密度断裂准则

通过单边缺口、中心裂纹和中心圆孔碳/环氧和玻璃/环氧复合材料层合板试样的试验证实,在考虑了材料的各向异性后,把各向同性材料的J积分分析结果用于确定复合材料层合板的断裂过程区特征长度d₀是适宜的。 根据碳/环氧复合材料层合板的有限元分析结果和试验观察,提出了一个新的断裂准则 σ_y（d0,0）ε_y（d0,0）=ασ_Fε_F 称为形变功密度断裂准则。这个准则已得到试验验证。使用本文方法可以得出不随试样几何形状和应力分布而变化的特征长度。     

Effect of hygrothermal aging on moisture diffusion and tensile behavior of CFRP composite laminates

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites are widely used in aircraft structures, because of their superior mechanical and lightweight properties. CFRP composites are often exposed to hygrothermal environments in service. Temperature and moisture can affect the material properties of composites. In order to make clear the moisture diffusion behavior and the properties degradation of composites, the TG800/E207 composite laminates with four stacking sequences [0]₁₆, [90]₁₆, [±45]_4s, and [(+45/0/0/–45)_s]_s are designed and manufactured. Moisture absorption tests are carried out at 80 ℃, 90 %RH. It is shown that the moisture absorption curves of composite laminates present a three-stage. A modified Fickian model was proposed to capture the diffusion behavior of TG800/E207 composite laminates. The relationships among the non-Fickian parameters, the environmental parameters and the stacking sequences of CFRP were correlated and compared. Results showed that the modified Fickian curve is sensitive to the diffusivity of Stage I and Stage II. Compared with unaged specimens, the maximum tensile stress for [0]₁₆, [90]₁₆, [±45]_4s, and [(+45/0/0/–45)_s]_s decreased by 14.94 %, 28.15 %, 11.96 %, and 26.36 %, respectively. The strains at failure for [0]₁₆, [90]₁₆, [±45]_4s, and [(+45/0/0/–45)_s]_s decreased by 55.38 %, 62.65 %, 46.41 %, and 31.71 %, respectively. The elastic modulus for [0]₁₆, [90]₁₆, [±45]_4s, and [(+45/0/0/–45)_s]_s increased by 90.93 %, 94.57 %, 49.22 %, and 8.22 %, respectively. [90]₁₆ sample has the minimum saturated moisture content and the maximum strength degeneration.     

Study on Compressive Properties of Z-pinned Laminates in RTD and Hygrothermal Environment

Compressive tests of [0] 12 and [90] 12 unidirectional laminates and [45/0/-45/90] 2S quasi-isotropic laminates are accomplished in both room-temperature and dry (RTD) and hygrothermal environment. And simulation studies on the compressive strength of Z-pinned laminates of [0] 12 and [45/0/-45/90] 2S are conducted by using finite element analysis (FEA). A microstructural unit cell for FEA is created to simulate a representative laminates unit with one pin. Within the unit cell, the first directions of the elements’ material coordinate systems are changed to simulate the fibres’ deflecting around the pin. The hygrothermal effect is simulated by the material properties’ adjustments which are determined by the compressive tests of non-pined laminates. The experimental results indicate that the percentage of reduction in the compressive modulus of Z-pinned laminates caused by Z-pin becomes smaller with the percentage of 0° fibres decreasing in the laminates; the compressive strength of quasi-isotropic laminates reduces and the percentage of the reduction in the compressive strength declines with Z-pin volume content increasing, and the moisture absorption ratio of the Z-pinned specimens is greater than that of the non-pinned specimens, because the cracks around Z-pin increase the moisture absorption. In addition, the simulations show that the deflection of fibres around Z-pin is the main factor for the reduction in the compressive strength of Z-pinned unidirectional laminates, the dilution of fibre volume content caused by resin-rich pocket is the principal factor for the decline in the compressive strength of Z-pinned quasi-istropic laminates, and the compressive strength of Z-pinned specimens in hygrothermal environment reduces as the result of superimposition of some factors, including the changes in material properties caused by hygrothermal environment, the deflection of fibres and the resin-rich pocket caused by Z-pin.     

复合材料损伤破坏判据适用性的实验研究

 <正> 一、复合材料损伤力学和损伤应变能释放率（y₂）破坏判据 作者近年来采用复合材料损伤力学研究方法对复合材料层板进行了理论与实验研究,提出了损伤应变能释放率（y₂）破坏判据,简述如下。 基于J.P.Cordebois等人提出的能量等效性假设,并引入有效应力概念,可导出损伤变量和损伤应变能释放率的表达式。在一维加载条件下它们的表达式分别为     

复合材料层合板抗冲击损伤的参数表征

研究了铺层方式为［０２／９０２／４５２／－４５２］ｓ的航空用碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料（ＣＦＲＰ）准各向同性层合板低速冲击引起损伤的表征问题。通过落重冲击试验引入损伤程度Ｄ表示材料低速冲击后材料参数的变化大小，通过准静态球面弯曲试验提出复合材料层合板抗冲击的三种表征参数：层内开裂临界能Ｅ１ｃ、层间开裂（分层）临界能Ｅ２ｃ、分层扩展阻力Ｒ．     

基于刚度降模型的复合材料层合板疲劳寿命估算

基于有限元方法,把层合板的疲劳失效看作是单元刚度退化、应力重新分布和单元损伤不断累积的动态过程,提出了一种复合材料层合板疲劳寿命估算方法。利用MSC．Patran／Nastran建立了层合板有限元模型,进行了[0/90]4S和[-60／0／60]3S两种铺层方式的数值分析,静强度和疲劳寿命预测值与文献中的试验结果吻合较好。     

Stress analysis and damage evolution in individual plies of notched composite laminates subjected to in-plane loads

This work aims to investigate local stress distribution, damage evolution and failure of notched composite laminates under in-plane loads. An analytic method containing uniformed boundary equations using a complex variable approach is developed to present layer-by-layer stresses around the notch. The uniformed boundary equations established in series together with conformal mapping functions are capable of dealing with irregular boundary issues around the notch and at infinity. Stress results are employed to evaluate the damage initiation and propagation of notched composites by progressive damage analysis(PDA). A user-defined subroutine is developed in the finite element(FE) model based on coupling theories for mixed failure criteria and damage mechanics to efficiently investigate damage evolution as well as failure modes. Carbon/epoxy laminates with a stacking sequence of [45°/0°/ 60°/90°]sare used to investigate surface strains, in-plane load capacity and microstructure of failure zones to provide analytic and FE methods with strong validation. Good agreement is observed between the analytic method, the FE model and experiments in terms of the stress(strain) distributions, damage evaluation and ultimate strength, and the layerby-layer stress components vary according to a combination effect of fiber orientation and loading type, causing diverse failure modes in individuals.     

复合材料层板断裂韧性的实验研究

本文应用各向异性线弹性断裂力学的理论和方法对复合材料层板的断裂特性进行了实验研究。文中采用三种不同的方法,即K标定法、J积分法以及能量法测定了3240玻璃钢和碳/环氧层板两种复合材料的断裂韧性。三种方法均给出了较为满意的结果。