共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
John Caldwell Tobias Owen 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1984,4(12):51-58
We summarize the current status of atmospheric chemistry in the atmospheres of the outer solar system with special emphasis on the question of HCN formation on Jupiter, differences between polar and equatorial compositions on Jupiter, the coloration of the Great Red Spot, and the unique environment of Titan. 相似文献
2.
J.L. Pipher S.P. Willner G.G. Fazio 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1985,5(3):173-179
The Hubble Space Telescope offers enormous advantages to infrared astronomy in certain situations. The advantages of being above the atmosphere include an increase in spatial resolution, a much wider range of wavelengths available, and lower background radiation. Compared to proposed cooled telescopes, HST offers higher spatial resolution and increased collecting area. HST is particularly well suited to observations at wavelengths less than ~5 μm, where the diffraction limit is less than the seeing limit from the ground and thermal emission does not seriously compromise the sensitivity of the detectors. HST is also favorable for observations requiring high spectral resolution at all wavelengths not accessible from the ground. 相似文献
3.
E.J. Schreier R. Doxsey 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1985,5(3):153-155
The activities which will take place at the Space Telescope Science Institute (ST Sci) in support of science operations will be summarized. These activities follow proposal acceptance and range over planning and scheduling, observation implementation, data processing and archiving, and support of astronomers in all these. 相似文献
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5.
C.R. ODell 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1985,5(3):151-152
The Hubble Space Telescope activity by NASA and ESA began in 1971 and is now nearing completion. The Scientific Instruments are complete and their performance confirmed. The Optical Telescope Assembly integration is proceeding well, with the crucial Fine Guidance Sensors expected to perform as designed. Telescope delivery to the spacecraft contractor is expected in December 1984. Completion of the Verification and Assembly Program will then be followed by launch in the summer of 1986. 相似文献
6.
T. Matsumoto 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1993,13(12):495-504
Infrared Telescope in Space (IRTS) is a cryogenically cooled small infrared telescope aboard the small space platform, SFU (Space Flyer Unit). IRTS has a telescope of 15 cm diameter, which is rather small compared with other big space missions. IRTS, however, is optimized to observe extended diffuse sources with four focal plane instruments which have wide wavelength coverage from the near infrared to the submillimeter region.
All instruments have been calibrated with a test cryostat, and integrated into the flight cryostat. Cooling tests of the whole IRTS system have confirmed that instruments and cryostat will perform as expected. Integration of the IRTS on the SFU will soon begin and the ground tests of the SFU system will be conducted in the coming year.
The launch of the SFU will be in early 1995. The IRTS will survey the 10% of the sky during the three week mission and provide significant scientific results on cosmology, galactic structure, interstellar matter, stars, and solar system. 相似文献
7.
The progress on Chinese Space Solar Telescope (SST) in 2002-2004 is introduced. The documentations on plans and outlines based on the standards of Chinese aerospace industry for SST mission has been fulfilled. The key technical problems of SST satellite platform and payloads are tackled during pre-study stage of the mission. The laboratory assembly and calibration of the main optical telescope of 1.2 m spherical mirror and 1 m plain mirror have been carried out with the accuracy of λ/40 and λ/30, respectively. The prototype at 17.1 nm for extreme ultraviolet telescope is under development and manufacture with a diameter of 13 cm. Its primary and secondary mirrors have a manufacturing error of 5nm with a roughness degree of less than 0.5 nm and a multiplayer reflection factor of better than 20%. The on-board scientific data processing unit has been developed. Prototypes for other payloads such as H and white light telescope, wide band spectroscopy in high energy and solar and interplanetary radio spectrometer have been developed accordingly. 相似文献
8.
D.J. Schroeder 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1985,5(3):157-167
As with any large telescope on the ground, HST will often be used at the limits of its performance capabilities. The actual performance will only be determined once HST is i n orbit, but detailed modeling based on mirror, structure, and control system characteristics gives a reasonable assessment of the expected performance. The purpose of this paper is to present (1) selected image characteristics expected for HST, (2) performance limits for selected instrument characteristics, and (3) examples of observations for which the performance limits are approached. Among the image features noted are point spread functions, encircled energy curves, and image diameters for selected wavelengths. Performance limits discussed include expected limiting magnitude and resolution of close point sources as a function of wavelength, each for selected camera focal ratios and pixel dimensions. Examples of observations discussed include a binary in which one component is faint and the detectability of a single luminous star at large distances. 相似文献
9.
The progress on Chinese Space Solar Telescope (SST) in 2004-2006 is introduced. The scientific objectives are further clarified and the ground operation system has been planned. The 7 key technical problems of SST satellite platform and payloads have been tackled, which lay solid scientific and technological foundations for engineering prototype phase of the SST project. At present the SST project undergoes evaluation by CNSA and CAS so as to enter the engineering prototype phase of the SST project if it is finally approved. 相似文献
10.
T. P. Sasseen S. Bowyer M. Lampton X. Wu 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1993,13(12):631-634
We present early results from the Far Ultraviolet Space Telescope (FAUST), which flew in March 1992 with the ATLAS space shuttle mission. The telescope provides wide-field images in the far ultraviolet (1400–1800 Å). Studies underway using the data obtained on this mission include establishing the brightness and distribution of far ultraviolet stars in the halo of our Galaxy, establishing the far ultraviolet properties of nearby galaxies and nearby clusters of galaxies, analyzing the diffuse galactic light, and searching for the origin of the extragalactic ultraviolet light. We discuss the instrument performance, and early results from these observations. 相似文献
11.
K.H. Fricke U. von Zahn M. Combes Th. Encrenaz 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1981,1(9):165-168
The intensity of the resonantly scattered Ly-α line of the gian planets depends on the scattering column length of atomic hydrogen above the methane layer and on the incident solar flux. We have obtained measurements of the Ly-α brightness of Jupiter and Saturn on December 19, 1979, with a time difference of 111 minutes, which is only slightly longer than the additional travel time for solar photons scattered at Saturn compared to those from Jupiter. This observational technique eliminates two major uncertainties — the use of different instruments and solar variability — affecting previous determinations of the relative brightness of the planets. The measured ratio of the brightness of the subsolar points is 3.0 ± 0.4 which agrees well with the ratio of the incident solar flux of 3.4. This implies approximately equal scattering column lengths of H on both planets. 相似文献
12.
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mark Clampin 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008,41(12):1983-1991
The James Webb Space Telescope is a 6.5 m, infrared space telescope designed to be launched in 2013 aboard an Ariane 5. The JWST program is a cooperative program with the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) managing the project for NASA. The prime contractor for JWST is Northrop Grumman Space Technology (NGST). JWST’s international partners are the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). JWST will address four major science themes: end of the dark ages: first light and reionization; the assembly of galaxies, the birth of stars and protoplanetary systems; and the formation of planetary systems and the origins of life. We discuss the design of the observatory and review recent progress on the JWST program. 相似文献
13.
Gilberto A. Casillas-Pérez Solai Jeyakumar Armando Carrillo-Vargas Ernesto Andrade Americo González-Esparza Ernesto Aguilar-Rodríguez 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
The tracking of large-scale interplanetary (IP) disturbances traveling from the Sun to the Earth is a key issue in space weather studies. The Mexican Array Radio Telescope (MEXART) applies the Interplanetary Scintillation (IPS) technique to detect these solar wind disturbances and it will participate in a global warning network of space weather forecasting. We describe the data storage and computational processes carried out to manage the instrument’s real time data. These procedures are important for the MEXART calibration, operation and the scientific data reduction. 相似文献
14.
摘要: 针对现有地基深空通信系统存在深空通信距离不够远、数传速率不够高等缺点,提出一种基于分布式协同控制的天基主动深空通信与太空射电望远镜功能一体系统.该系统部署在地球静止轨道上,由1颗馈源星、1颗中心星和4294颗小卫星(单元星)通过精密编队和在轨自主组装的方式构成,一体化集成天基主动深空通信功能和射电天文望远镜功能.该系统可以为深空探测器提供一个星地高速中转站,由于其部署在地球静止轨道,几乎不受大气云层影响,可以大幅度提升深空探测通信支持距离和数传速率,且能使射电天文望远镜的分辨率和灵敏度提升1~2个数量级. 相似文献
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16.
XIONG Ming LIU Ying LIU Hao LI Baoquan ZHENG Jianhua ZHANG Cheng XIA Lidong ZHANG Hongxin RAO Wei CHEN Changya SUN Weiying WU Xia DENG Yuanyong HE Han JIANG Bo WANG Yuming WANG Chuanbing SHEN Chenglong ZHANG Haiying ZHANG Shenyi YANG Xuan SANG Peng WU Ji 《空间科学学报》2016,36(3):245-266
The Solar Polar ORbit Telescope (SPORT) project for space weather mission has been under intensive scientific and engineering background studies since it was incorporated into the Chinese Space Science Strategic Pioneer Project in 2011.SPORT is designed to carry a suite of remote-sensing and in-situ instruments to observe Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs),energetic particles,solar high-latitude magnetism,and the fast solar wind from a polar orbit around the Sun. The first extended view of the polar regions of the Sun and the ecliptic enabled by SPORT will provide a unique opportunity to study CME propagation through the inner heliosphere,and the solar high-latitude magnetism giving rise to eruptions and the fast solar wind.Coordinated observations between SPORT and other spaceborne/ground-based facilities within the International Living With a Star (ILWS) framework can significantly enhance scientific output.SPORT is now competing for official selection and implementation during China's 13th Five-Year Plan period of 2016-2020. 相似文献
17.
G. Pilbratt 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1993,13(12):545-548
The present status of the ESA cornerstone mission FIRST is presented. A recent industrial study has generated a spacecraft concept employing a 4.5 m passively cooled telescope with focal plane instrument cooling provided by a superfluid helium cryostat. The model payload complement includes two direct detection instruments as well as two heterodyne instruments. After a shared launch by Ariane 5 into GTO, FIRST propels itself into the 24-hour highly eccentric operational orbit, where observations can be conducted up to 17 hours per day with an expected approximate mission duration of 3 years. An additional complementary study of a non-cryostat spacecraft option will also be performed. 相似文献
18.
R T Reynolds C P McKay J F Kasting 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1987,7(5):125-132
Tidal dissipation in the satellites of a giant planet may provide sufficient heating to maintain an environment favorable to life on the satellite surface or just below a thin ice layer. In our own solar system, Europa, one of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter, could have a liquid ocean which may occasionally receive sunlight through cracks in the overlying ice shell. In such case, sufficient solar energy could reach liquid water that organisms similar to those found under Antarctic ice could grow. In other solar systems, larger satellites with more significant heat flow could represent environments that are stable over an order of Aeons and in which life could perhaps evolve. We define a zone around a giant planet in which such satellites could exist as a tidally-heated habitable zone. This zone can be compared to the habitable zone which results from heating due to the radiation of a central star. In our solar system, this radiatively-heated habitable zone contains the Earth. 相似文献
19.
《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2005,35(7):1254-1262
A Post-Flight Investigation was initiated by the European Space Agency to analyze impacts on solar arrays of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), exposed to space for 8.25 years at approximately 600 km altitude. The solar cells deployed during the first Service Mission (SM-1 in December 1993) were retrieved in March 2002 as part of Service Mission 3B (SM-3B). A sub-panel of 2 m2 was cut from the arrays for subsequent selection and removal of individual solar cells for analysis. Six cells (4.8 × 10−3 m2) were surveyed for flux of all craters of sizes greater than 5 microns. Analytical scanning electron microscopy was used to analyse residues in 111 features of 3–4000 micron conchoidal detachment diameter (Dco), examined on 23 solar cells. Eighty three show identifiable residue: 38 are Space Debris impacts and 45 Micrometeoroid impacts. Of the remaining 28, 2 contain residue of ambiguous origin, 1 is probably a minor manufacturing flaw, 1 is obscured by contamination, and 24 are unresolved, lacking recognizable residue.The majority of space debris impacts on the SM-3B cells are less than 80 microns Dco, dominated by Al-rich residue, probably of solid rocket motor origin, although three may be due to sodium metal droplet impacts. Three larger features include paint pigment and binder, ferrous alloy, and possible carbon-fibre composite material debris.Micrometeoroid residues are found across the entire crater size range and dominate features of between 100 and 1000 microns, their residues are similar to those found in earlier SM-1 surveys. Fe- and Mg-rich silicates dominate; Fe sulphides are common and there are occasional vesicular Ni- and S-bearing mafic silicates of hydrous phyllosilicate origin. A single sodium aluminosilicate residue and one Fe Ni metal residue were found; as well as enigmatic Mg- and S-bearing residues, all considered as probably of micrometeoroid origin. A few Fe-, O- and C-bearing residues were classified as of ambiguous origin. 相似文献