失效航天器姿态接管的SDRE微分博弈控制

针对燃料耗尽的失效航天器姿态接管控制问题,提出多颗微卫星协同实现姿态稳定的状态相关黎卡提方程(SDRE)微分博弈控制方法。首先,将姿态接管问题转化为多颗微卫星的微分博弈问题,基于组合航天器的姿态模型和微卫星的性能指标函数建立多颗微卫星的非线性微分博弈模型,微卫星通过独立优化各自的性能指标函数得到控制策略。其次,引入状态相关系数矩阵,将非线性博弈转化为状态相关线性二次型博弈,采用SDRE方法更方便地逼近微卫星的博弈均衡策略。最终通过李雅普诺夫迭代法求解耦合状态相关黎卡提方程组得到微卫星的状态反馈控制器,实现微卫星的自主决策。数值仿真验证了多颗微卫星采用微分博弈控制方法实现姿态接管的有效性和容错性。     

Application of SDRE technique to orbital and attitude control of spacecraft formation flying

This paper proposes the application of a nonlinear control technique for coupled orbital and attitude relative motion of formation flying. Recently, mission concepts based on the formations of spacecraft that require an increased performance level for in-space maneuvers and operations, have been proposed. In order to guarantee the required performance level, those missions will be characterized by very low inter-satellite distance and demanding relative pointing requirements. Therefore, an autonomous control with high accuracy will be required, both for the control of relative distance and relative attitude. The control system proposed in this work is based on the solution of the State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE), which is one of the more promising nonlinear techniques for regulating nonlinear systems in all the major branches of engineering. The coupling of the relative orbital and attitude motion is obtained considering the same set of thrusters for the control of both orbital and attitude relative dynamics. In addition, the SDRE algorithm is implemented with a timing update strategy both for the controller and the proposed nonlinear filter. The proposed control system approach has been applied to the design of a nonlinear controller for an up-to-date formation mission, which is ESA Proba-3. Numerical simulations considering a tracking signal for both orbital and attitude relative maneuver during an operative orbit of the mission are presented.     

挠性卫星姿态的角动量反馈控制

利用动量交换装置的角动量测量和反馈来实现带有挠性附件卫星姿态的稳定控制是一个重要问题。为此，本文给出了角动量反馈控制器，指出了控制器参数的选取方法，分析了姿态控制误差与角动量测量误差的关系。结果表明，角动量反馈控制方法不仅能够保证姿态控制的稳定性，而且能够有效提高姿态控制的稳定性，并且对不确定挠性模态参数具有很强的鲁棒性。     

基于干扰估计的航天器大角度姿态机动鲁棒次优控制

针对存在系统参数不确定与外界干扰的航天器大角度姿态机动问题,提出一种基于干扰估计的鲁棒次优控制方法。该方法通过引入总干扰的概念,将不确定参数与外界干扰对系统的影响统一为各控制通道总干扰,而后采用非线性干扰观测器实现对系统总干扰的估计;借鉴状态相关的黎卡提方程（SDRE）方法,将系统模型改写为状态相关的线性形式,并采用近似方法实现基于干扰估计的次优控制参数的在线求解。通过对航天器大角度姿态机动问题的仿真分析,校验所提方法不仅较传统SDRE方法计算效率更高,而且较大程度上提高系统对参数偏差与外界干扰的鲁棒性能。     

偏置动量卫星偏航姿态估计与控制研究

为改善偏置动量卫星无偏航姿态敏感器时用滚动角间接控制偏航姿态的精度,基于降维观测器设计提出了一种采用偏航角估计值直接控制偏航姿态方法。在分析收敛性的基础上,给出了降维观测器的设计,以及直接控制法的系统模型。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该法能大幅提高偏置动量卫星的姿态精度,且易于软件实现,不增加系统硬件配置。     

偏置动量卫星东西位置保持策略优化方法

针对偏王动量卫星的特点,提出了一种偏置动量卫星东西位置保持策略优化方法.根据单自由度轮控系统的控制方式、角动量管理的控制方法,以及角动量管理对卫星轨道的影响,基于动量轮转速的变化建立了推力器喷气效率、轨道元素变化量计算模型,提出了可延长东西位置保持周期的轨道控制优化策略.实际轨控任务应用结果表明方法控制效果良好.