轧制NiMnFeGa高温形状记忆合金的微观结构及拉伸力学性能

 采用包套热轧的方法,将Ni56Mn17Fe8Ga19和Ni56Mn15Fe10Ga19合金铸锭成功轧制为均匀板材,研究了其微观组织结构、相变特性和拉伸力学性能等。结果显示,轧制后合金的晶粒和γ相变得细碎,且沿着轧制方向伸长分布,其逆马氏体相变温度下降,相变滞后减小;轧制态合金的抗拉强度和延伸率分别超过500 MPa和2%,热处理后,强度降低而延伸率上升。     

Fe元素对TiNi形状记忆合金相变点和力学性能的影响

采用纯度均为99%的Ti,Ni和Fe原材料,在真空电弧炉中熔炼5次,制备出TiNiFe(Fe=2 5%,3 0%和3 5%)3种成分的TiNiFe合金铸锭,经850℃保温24h的真空均匀化处理后,锻造成 7mm的棒材。采用光学金相、电阻法和拉伸试验等方法研究了Fe含量对TiNi形状记忆合金晶粒度、相变温度和力学性能的影响。随着Fe的原子含量由2.5%提高到3.5%,TiNiFe合金的晶粒略有细化,晶粒大小从49μm减小到26μm,马氏体相变温度从-73.5℃下降到-190.0℃以下,抗拉强度和屈服强度也显著提高,延伸率δ没有明显变化。所研制的TiNiFe合金的马氏体相变温度和室温力学性能可满足航空管接头用记忆合金的要求。     

TiNiFeNb形状记忆合金的组织结构及相变特性

通过向TisoNiso合金中加入Fe和Nb元素,制备出一种四元Ti49Ni50-xFexNb1形状记忆合金.采用X射线衍射和背散射电子衍射的方法,测试和分析了合金的相结构及微观组织形态,采用电阻法系统研究了合金的相变特性.结果表明:Nb元素的加入并没有改变TiNiFe合金的B2结构,仅导致了广极少量的富Nb相在基体中析...     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cross-rolled Ti50Ni47Fe3 Shape Memory Alloy

The microstructures, the phase transformation characteristics, and the mechanical properties of the Ti50Ni47Fe3 alloy in as-forged and as-cross-rolled states were investigated. It is found that, after cross-rolling, the phase transformation temperature （Ms） of the alloy decreases drastically and the grains get refined. Moreover, its yield strength and fracture strength after cross-rolling hit 540 MPa and 687 MPa respectively, up by about 200 MPa over those in as-forged state.     

热轧对Ti50Ni50-xAlx(x=1,2,4)形状记忆合金微观组织、相变和力学性能的影响

形状记忆合金的相变和力学性能受机械加工过程影响明显.在850℃下将Ti50Ni50-xAIx(x=1,2,4)形状记忆合金轧制成为板材.采用扫描电镜、透射电镜和X射线衍射对合金的微观结构研究表明:合金由NiTi相和Ti2Ni相组成,Al元素在Ti2Ni相中的固溶度比在TiNi相中高.差示扫描量热分析和电阻-温度测试表明...     

热轧制变形对网状结构TiBw/Ti6Al4V复合材料组织与性能的影响

在成功设计并制备出具有优异综合力学性能的网状结构TiBw/Ti6Al4V(TiBw/Ti64)复合材料的基础上,研究了轧制变形对新型网状结构TiBw/Ti64复合材料组织与性能的影响规律。利用扫描电镜观察不同变形量变形后的微观组织,分析结果显示,不同轧制变形量对应不同变形组织,随着轧制变形量的增加,网状结构TiBw/Ti64复合材料中增强相破碎加剧,局部增强相含量降低,且钛合金基体为转变β组织。拉伸性能结果表明,由于基体形变及热处理强化与增强相的破碎导致的弱化效果的共同作用,随着轧制变形量的增加,网状结构TiBw/Ti64复合材料抗拉强度及伸长率均先增加后降低。抗拉强度从1090MPa提高到1330MPa,相当于提高了22%,而伸长率最大提高了97%。     

块体纳米晶铝的力学性能及变形机理

采用雾化粉体+挤压(Ato+Ext)、雾化粉体+热等静压+挤压(Ato+HIP+Ext)、低温球磨+挤压(Cryo+Ext)、低温球磨+热等静压+挤压(Cryo+HIP+Ext)四组不同的工艺制备块体纳米晶/细晶铝,并测定了室温拉伸性能,分析了这些块体材料的拉伸应力-应变曲线,利用透射电镜和扫描电镜观察了试样断口附近的位错活动及试样的断口形貌,讨论了其变形机理和断裂机理。研究结果表明:球磨粉体制备的块体纳米晶铝的强度远高于雾化粉体制备的块体超细晶铝,四组块体材料在拉伸过程中均不存在加工硬化现象;块体超细晶铝在拉伸过程中发生了明显的位错运动,对于块体纳米晶铝,尺寸≤100nm的晶粒在拉伸过程中内部基本不发生位错运动;块体超细晶铝大部分区域发生穿晶断裂,而块体纳米晶铝基本发生沿晶断裂。     

预变形对Al-Cu-Mn-Mg-Ag合金的组织与力学性能的影响

采用显微硬度测试、拉伸力学性能测试、扫描电镜及透射电镜观察等分析手段,研究了预变形对Al-Cu-Mn-Mg-Ag合金的组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明:时效前的冷轧变形加速了Al-Cu-Mn-Mg-Ag合金的时效进程,提高了时效的峰值硬度,促进Ω相的析出,增加Ω相的数量.随着变形量的增加,合金时效过程中双阶段时效硬化的现象减弱,预变形小于10%时,时效过程中出现明显的双阶段时效硬化特征,预变形大于10%时,时效过程仅出现明显的单阶段时效硬化特征;随着预变形量的增加,合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度逐渐增加,延伸率逐渐降低.综合考虑合金的强度和塑性,Al-Cu-Mn-Mg-Ag合金的预变形量应为10%～20%.     

硼含量对单晶Ni3Al力学性能的影响

本文研究了硼含量为0、0.52、1.37、2.22和3.00at％的Ni_3Al单晶的组织以及在室温和高温的力学性能。结果表明,随着硼含量增加,室温和800℃的抗张强度和屈服强度不断提高,分别在1.37和0.52at％B时达到最高值,进一步提高硼含量,由于组织中析出硼化物共晶而使性能恶化。850℃,100MPa条件下的持久时间和持久延伸率均随硼含量的提高而不断地明显降低,但与同样成分的多晶Ni_3Al比较,它们都提高1个或2个数量级。     

热变形参数对奥氏体再结晶过程的影响

利用热模拟压缩变形试验，对低碳钢在热变形过程中应变速率、应变量和形变温度对奥氏体晶粒度的影响进行了研究，分析了组织细化的原因。     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cross-rolled Ti_(50)Ni_(47)Fe_3 Shape Memory Alloy

The microstructures, the phase transformation characteristics, and the mechanical properties of the Ti50Ni47Fe3 alloy in as-forged and as-cross-rolled states were investigated. It is found that, after cross-rolling, the phase transformation temperature (Ms) of the alloy decreases drastically and the grains get refined. Moreover, its yield strength and fracture strength after cross-rolling hit 540 MPa and 687 MPa respectively, up by about 200 MPa over those in as-forged state.     

TiNiMo形状记忆合金的相变、形状记忆效应与力学性能研究

研究了TiNiMo形状记忆合金的相变特性、形状记忆效应和力学性能,结果表明:TiNiMo合金存在一个R相变,Mo的加入降低了TiNi合金的马氏体相变开始温度（Ms）,Ti50Ni48.5Mo1.5和Ti50Ni48Mo2.0合金的Ms分别达到了-85℃,-103℃,这两种合金分别在8.51%和8.26%的预应变下获得了8.06%和7.71%的形状记忆效应。Ti50Ni48Mo2.0合金的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别为589MPa和799MPa,比Ti50Ni48Fe2.0的相应强度分别高73%和31%,同时Ti50Ni48.5Mo1.5的力学性能也较为优异,因而TiNiMo合金是很有发展潜力的新型的记忆合金接头材料。     

The Influence of Co Addition on Phase Transformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of TiNi Alloys

The influences of Co-addition on phase transformation behavior and mechanical properties of TiNi alloys were investigated. Re- sults indicate that, as a substitute for Ni, Co added to TiNi alloys can dramatically decrease the martensite transformation temperature, and R phase transformation and martensite transformation are accordingly separated. When Co-content reach 10 at.%, the martensite transformation temperature is lower than that of liquid nitrogen. During deformation at room temperature, Ti50Ni48Co2 alloy exhibits good ductility with a lower stress plateau caused by stress-induced martensite and martensite reorientation.     

Mechanical Properties and Transformation Behavior of NiTiNb Shape Memory Alloys

NiTiNb shape memory alloys have attracted much attention in pipe coupling or sealing system because of their large transformation hysteresis upon a proper pre-deformation. In order to clarify the effects of adding Nb on the mechanical properties as well as the transformation behavior of NiTiNb shape memory alloys, Ni₄₇Ti₄₄Nb₉ and Ni_49.8Ti_45.2Nb₅ alloys with different microstructures but with similar martensitic transformation start temperature, are prepared. Comparative studies on the microstructures, mechanical properties and transformation characteristics are conducted by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), phase transformation measurements and mechanical property tests. It is found that Ni₄₇Ti₄₄Nb₉ and Ni_49.8Ti_45.2Nb₅ alloys possess similar transformation hysteresis in the as-annealed state. However, the presence of Nb and its status exerts important effects on the mechanical properties, especially the yield strength and the yield behavior of the alloys. Ni_49.8Ti_45.2Nb₅ alloy exhibits remarkable increase in the yield strength than the Ni₄₇Ti₄₄Nb₉ alloy. The transformation hysteresis of both alloys under pre-deformation is characterized and the relative mechanism is discussed.     

晶粒尺寸对钛合金TIG焊接接头组织及力学性能的影响

进行了2μm及8μm,19μm三种晶粒尺寸的细晶粒TC4钛合金常规TIG焊试验,分析了母材晶粒尺寸对钛合金焊接接头组织转变规律及力学性能的影响。结果表明,细晶粒TC4钛合金焊缝中心和热影响区组织相似,为α马氏体组织。相同焊接规范下,随着晶粒尺寸的减小,焊缝中心和热影响区组织由编织(网篮)状α组织向片状组织过渡;随着晶粒尺寸的减小,热影响区晶粒长大越来越明显,热影响区细晶区(FHAZ)明显变窄,热影响区粗晶区(CHAZ)明显变宽,焊缝—热影响区—母材的晶粒梯度增大,焊接接头三区域晶粒过渡越来越差;随着晶粒尺寸的减小,焊接接头拉伸强度和伸长率均有不同程度的提高。常温拉伸断口呈准解理断裂特征,随着母材晶粒度的增大,焊接接头解理断裂特征越明显。     

Fe和Nb对TiNi形状记忆合金环双程记忆效应的影响

研究了预变形和热循环对Ti50.8Ni49.2及加入Fe和Nb后合金环的双程记忆应变影响。结果表明:在马氏体状态进行10.4%~13.8%的预变形,TiNi合金环随循环次数增加,双程记忆应变增大,在13.8%预变形和4次循环得到4.15%最大值;加入Fe和Nb后,在10.71%~15.18%的变形范围,合金环的双程记忆应变先增后降,其最大值分别为3.14%和2.56%。在变形量和循环次数相同时,TiNi合金环的记忆应变最高,当变形量和循环次数超过12.50%和2以后,TiNiFe合金环的双程记忆应变快速上升,其双程记忆应变超过TiNiNb合金环的。     

The Two-step Reverse Martensitic Transformations of TiNi Shape Memory Alloy Based on Solution-treatment and Aging

A TiNi-alloy is solution-treated in a vacuum furnace of 6.7×10-3 Pa at 1 223 K for 3.6 ks, and then aged at 773 K for 1.8 ks. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements show that after the heat-treatment, takes place a two-step reverse Martensitic transformation, from which results the two-stage recovery strain in a prestrained Martensitic TiNi-alloy wire during heating. The Vickers microhardness indentation test in cross-sectional areas of the TiNi-alloy wire indicates the compositional heterogeneity between its sur-face layers and its inside. The fact that the sizes of the indentation in surface layers smaller than those in the inside bears witness to the existence of slightly harder surface layers. It is believed that these phenomena are related to the compositional fluctuation caused by the evaporation and oxidization of Ti-element during the solution-treatment and heterogeneity formed during the subsequent aging treat-ment.