空间挠性结构的Stewart平台主动基座振动控制

研究基于Stewart平台主动基座的挠性结构振动控制。首先,建立含Stewart平台主动基座的柔性梁刚柔耦合动力学模型;随后,在模态空间上分别针对挠性结构的一阶和二阶模态设计由线性扩张状态观测器(LESO)和PD控制器组成的自抗扰控制器(ADRC);最后,基于独立模态控制(IMSC)中的模态滤波器从物理坐标中提取模态坐标,建立振动主动控制实验系统,基于模态空间的自抗扰控制方法完成挠性结构的前两阶模态振动主动控制实验。研究结果表明,利用Stewart平台作为主动基座,采用自抗扰控制方法实现挠性结构的振动抑制是一种高效的振动主动控制方法,在空间振动主动控制领域具有广阔的应用前景。     

航天领域研究网络控制系统的必要性分析

给出控制系统的最新发展一网络控制系统的基本概念和典型结构,分析了网络控制系统相对集散控制系统的诸多优点;探讨了航天器底层控制系统采用集散控制系统的现状,并根据现代航天器智能性和自主性的发展要求,指出网络控制系统是未来航天器底层控制系统的发展方向;分析了CAN总线在航天领域的应用,明确了网络控制系统已成功应用到航天领域这一事实;最后通过对网络控制系统及其在航天应用研究现状的分析,得出航天领域迫切需要对网络控制系统的共性问题和航天应用的专有问题进行系统研究的结论.     

基于遗传算法的挠性航天器大角度机动的变结构控制

为改善带挠性梁航天器大角度机动的变结构控制精度，在建立挠性系统动力学模型的基础上，基于喷气一飞轮执行机构工作模式，设计了简单易行的滑模变结构控制策略，并采用遗传算法(GA)优化了滑动平面和边界层厚度。仿真结果表明，优化后的控制器能对航天器的大角度机动进行有效控制。     

Analysis and experiments for delay compensation in attitude control of flexible spacecraft

Space vehicles are often characterized by highly flexible appendages, with low natural frequencies which can generate coupling phenomena during orbital maneuvering. The stability and delay margins of the controlled system are deeply affected by the presence of bodies with different elastic properties, assembled to form a complex multibody system. As a consequence, unstable behavior can arise. In this paper the problem is first faced from a numerical point of view, developing accurate multibody mathematical models, as well as relevant navigation and control algorithms. One of the main causes of instability is identified with the unavoidable presence of time delays in the GNC loop. A strategy to compensate for these delays is elaborated and tested using the simulation tool, and finally validated by means of a free floating platform, replicating the flexible spacecraft attitude dynamics (single axis rotation). The platform is equipped with thrusters commanded according to the on–off modulation of the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) control law. The LQR is based on the estimate of the full state vector, i.e. including both rigid – attitude – and elastic variables, that is possible thanks to the on line measurement of the flexible displacements, realized by processing the images acquired by a dedicated camera. The accurate mathematical model of the system and the rigid and elastic measurements enable a prediction of the state, so that the control is evaluated taking the predicted state relevant to a delayed time into account. Both the simulations and the experimental campaign demonstrate that by compensating in this way the time delay, the instability is eliminated, and the maneuver is performed accurately.     

基于输入成型法的空间站变构型过程挠性振动抑制策略

针对空间站组合体变构型引起的挠性附件振动问题,将航天器大角度机动中用于抑制挠性振动的输入成型思想引入到变构型过程中,提出一种新的变构型策略。首先根据拟坐标拉格朗日方程建立组合体变构型动力学模型,然后采用零振动和零微分法(ZVD)和级联法求出变构型系统的输入成型模型,最后根据初始变构型策略的特点和期望构型的约束确定新的变构型策略。将基于输入成型的变构型策略应用于组合体变构型时,仿真结果表明,由变构型引起的挠性振动得到显著抑制,各阶振动的最大振幅可以抑制到原来的10%～20%,对低阶振动抑制效果尤为明显。     

挠性航天器大角度机动的全系数自适应控制

本文研究全系数自适应控制方法在挠性航天器大角度机动控制中的应用，针对中心刚体带挠性板的航天器，设计了包括黄金分割控制、逻辑微分控制和逻辑积分控制的全系数自适应控制方案，并进行了挠性结构卫星单轴气浮台全物理仿真实验。实验结果表明，所设计的控制方案具有机动速度快、超调小，在机动过程中能抑制挠性板振动等优点。     

柔性空间机械臂的自适应H∞容错抑振混合控制

针对关节执行器存在部分失效(PLCE)故障的漂浮基柔性空间机械臂系统，提出一种自适应H∞容错抑振混合控制算法。结合拉格朗日法与弹性振动理论推导出了系统的动力学微分方程，并截取反映柔性臂杆主振型的前两阶模态作振动分析。根据奇异摄动原理对系统进行降维，并将其分解为一个刻画刚性臂杆轨迹跟踪的慢变子系统与一个刻画柔性臂杆模态振动的快变子系统；由此设计了由慢变子系统的自适应H∞容错控制器及快变子系统的线性最优减振控制器组成混合控制器。与传统容错控制器相比，所设计的自适应H∞容错控制器具有无需获取故障先验知识的优点。对比仿真结果表明：慢变子系统的容错控制器对于PLCE型关节执行器故障具备较强的鲁棒性，快变子系统的线性最优减振控制器能够将柔性臂杆的振动模态调节至较低水平，从而校验了理论分析的正确性与混合控制策略的有效性。     

空间太阳能发电站拓扑架构及能量管理控制策略

针对超大功率空间太阳能电站(SSPS),提出了一种分布式+集中式系统拓扑架构,将系统电力传输分为太阳电池阵区、主结构电力传输区及发射天线阵区三大部分。根据系统三大阵区的能量流动关系,本文将SSPS系统的工作模式划分为最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)工作模式、跟踪功率指令工作模式及阴影区工作模式,并提出分层能源管理控制策略。最后,针对兆瓦级太阳电池阵的不同工作模式,利用Matlab/Simulink搭建空间太阳能电站系统仿真模型,进行仿真试验及对比分析,试验结果验证了拓扑架构的合理性及控制策略的有效性,为解决空间太阳能发电技术电力传输与能量管理问题提出了新思路。     

Very large space structures: Non-linear control and robustness to structural uncertainties

Very Large Space Structures (VLSS) are challenging systems to be controlled, due to their high flexibility. In particular, rapid attitude maneuvers can determine great oscillations on the flexible elements of a spacecraft (solar wings, antennas, booms). On account of this, in the last decades many researchers have developed different strategies to effectively damp the elastic vibrations by means of active vibration devices (such as piezo-electric patches) or by means of robust control algorithms. The approach suggested in this paper is different, since neither additional devices nor complex control laws are introduced. In fact, the complete model of the system (including rigid, elastic and orbital dynamics, coupled with control actions) is controlled by the non-linear attitude controller named state dependent Riccati equation, which will be based on a simplified version of the spacecraft model. The task to reduce the mutual interaction between rigid attitude and flexible dynamics is entirely transferred to a modification of the desired trajectory that must be tracked. This command shaping technique is based on the knowledge of the parameters (inertial and elastics) of the VLSS. Unfortunately these parameters are not always exactly known and, however, they may change over the time. On account of this a Monte Carlo analysis has been also performed, showing the robustness of the proposed control strategy to the structural uncertainties. The numerical simulations prove that this strategy, based on the joint application of two well-known yet simple techniques, produces accurate and robust results.     

柔性空间结构的分散模糊变结构控制

提出了一种适用于一类不确定大系统的分散变结构控制方法 ,并将该方法用于柔性空间结构的控制系统设计中。考虑到复杂大系统的系统关联及不确定因素复杂 ,在控制律中引入了模糊控制规则来确定分散控制律中的非线性分量大小 ,使控制系统设计时不需知道系统不确定变化及关联的具体情况 ,简化了控制器的设计。同时 ,模糊控制规则的引入还有效减弱了一般分散变结构控制系统的抖颤问题。所设计的控制系统可以保证柔性空间结构系统在未知参数摄动以及外界干扰情况下的稳定。数字仿真结果表明该方法的有效性。