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1.
哨声波与磁层中电子的非线性相互作用,导致电子投掷角降低,沉降到低电离层,引起局部电离增强,而诱发Trimpi效应。本文讨论波-粒子相互作用的过程,并利用超粒子法进行了计算机模拟。计算结果指出共振不仅与电子的速度有关,而且与电子初始拉莫尔相位角有关;计算得到了相互作用时共振电子相位聚焦效应、非共振电子相位聚束效应及电子速度-相位空间中的不均匀振荡等一些结果。同时,也给出了波-电子相互作用引起的沉降电子能量通量随时间的变化和沉降电子的能量分布。 相似文献
2.
快磁声波是空间等离子体中一种接近垂直传播的右旋极化电磁波,能够在等离子体层内外传播.快磁声波与带电粒子的回旋共振相互作用能够导致高能电子随机加速和投掷角扩散、能量质子投掷角扩散等,从而影响辐射带高能带电粒子的动态过程.分别基于完整的色散关系和高密度近似的色散关系,在不同空间等离子体条件下研究多离子空间等离子体中不同传播角的快磁声波色散曲线,并计算了快磁声波与H+,He+和O+离子的最小共振能量.结果表明,当传播角较小时,采用高密度近似与采用完整色散关系计算的离子最小共振能量没有太大差别.在中低密度中强磁场空间等离子体中,传播角≥ 88°时高密度近似色散关系会带来很大的误差,因此应利用完整色散关系计算最小共振能量. 相似文献
3.
《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2020,65(11):2551-2558
The whistler-mode chorus waves are one of the most important plasma waves in the Earth’s magnetosphere. Generally, the amplitude of whistler-mode chorus waves prefers to strengthen when the energetic fluxes of anisotropic electrons increase outside the plasmapause. This characteristic is commonly associated with the geomagnetic storms or substorms. However, the relationship between the solar wind dynamic pressure (Psw) and the long-time variation of chorus waves during the quiet period of the geomagnetic activity still needs more detailed investigations. In this paper, based on MMS observations, we present a chorus event just observed in the inner side of magnetopause without obvious geomagnetic storms or substroms. Interestingly, during this time interval, some Psw fluctuations were recorded. Both the amplitudes and frequencies of chorus waves changed as a response to the variation in Psw. It proved that the enhancement of Psw increases the energetic electrons fluxes, which provides free energies for the chorus amplification. Furthermore, the wave growth rates calculated using linear theory increases and the central frequency of the chorus waves shifts to a higher frequency when the Psw enhancement is greater, which are also consistent well with the observations. The results provide a direct evidence that the Psw play an important role in the long-time variation of whistler-mode chorus waves inside the magnetopause. 相似文献
4.
哨声波是地球内磁层中常见的一种等离子体波动, 其不仅可以加速电子到相对论能量, 还可散射电子沉降到大气层形成弥散极光. 哨声波是一支右旋偏振波, 在空间等离子体中其等相位面通常被认为是一个平面. 近年来, 地面等离子体实验正在成为研究哨声波激发和传播的一种重要手段. 本文在中国科学技术大学线性磁化等离子体装置(KLMP)上开展了磁环天线激发波动的实验, 并利用3D磁探针测量了波动磁场的演化信息. 测量结果发现, 磁环天线激发了一种等相位面为螺旋状的右旋偏振波动, 根据天线设置的不同, 螺旋波模数分别为m=0和m=1. 通过计算波动的波长和频率, 确定这种螺旋波满足哨声波的色散关系, 为进一步在等离子体实验装置中研究哨声波打下了基础. 相似文献
5.
利用一维粒子模拟方法研究了损失锥电子速度分布激发的哨声波非线性演化过程, 并与双麦克斯韦电子分布激发哨声波的情况进行了比较. 结果表明, 这两种情况下, 在线性增长阶段哨声波的主导频率 (能量最集中的一个频率) 是一样的, 波动的激发使得平行于背景磁场方向的电子温度有所提高. 比较而言,在损失锥分布情况下, 哨声波具有主导频率的波模可较早地被激发, 而在线性增长阶段, 哨声波的能量更倾向于集中在高频(短波长)波段. 部分粒子被散射到损失锥中, 而使损失锥分布得以补充. 本文还研究了不同各向异性分布和磁场强度条件下的激发过程. 相似文献
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7.
Biswajit Sahu Mouloud Tribeche 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The properties of cylindrical and spherical electron acoustic shock waves (EASWs) in an unmagnetized plasma consisting of cold electrons, immobile ions and Boltzmann distributed hot electrons are investigated by employing the reductive perturbation method. A Korteweg–de Vries Burgers (KdVB) equation is derived and its numerical solution is obtained. The effects of several parameters and ion kinematic viscosity on the basic features of EA shock waves are discussed in nonplanar geometry. It is found that nonplanar EA shock waves behave quite differently from their one-dimensional planar counterpart. 相似文献
8.
Jyoti Kumari R.S. Pandey 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2019,63(7):2279-2289
Cassini radio and plasma wave surveys aim to study radio emissions, plasma waves, thermal plasma and dust near Saturn. Using the characteristic solution and dynamics method, the influence of electron beam on the loss cone and bi-Maxwellian distribution of whistler mode waves in the parallel alternating electric field and magnetic field is studied. The dispersion relation and the growth rate of Saturn's magnetic layer were deduced and calculated in detail. Parameter analysis is performed by changing the parameters of the plasma like number density, AC frequency, temperature anisotropy, etc. The influence of AC frequency on Doppler shift and the comparative study of growth rate of oblique and parallel propagating waves are analyzed using generalized distribution function. We found temperature anisotropy can explain the linear spatiotemporal growth rate of whistler mode waves. It provides the majority of the observed frequency integral power. It can be seen that the effective parameters for the generation of Whistler mode waves are not only temperature anisotropy, but also the relativistic factors discussed in the results and discussion section, and the AC field frequency and width of the loss cone distribution function. 相似文献
9.
用双流理论模型研究真空中电子束的发射实验。向真空中发射电子束过程中,发射体本身被充正电,束缚束电子向外传播,大量的束电子在发射体表面附近形成电子鞘层;只有极少量的束电子可以逃离发射体而向外传播出去。在电子鞘层内,发射出的束电子和返回发射体表面的束电子形成速度和密度在空间为分布不均匀的双流。本文用双流理论模型解析计算出了电子鞘层的空间尺度、电子鞘层内的电场分布以及电子密度分布。 相似文献
10.
参数化研究了在L=4.5外辐射带区域左旋寻常(Left-hand Ordinary mode, L-O模)的极光千米波与高能电子的相互作用,定量计算了左旋寻常的极光千米波在不同峰值频率、传播角分布和纬度分布条件下的弹跳平均投掷角扩散系数、动量扩散系数和投掷角–动量交叉扩散系数。计算结果表明,动量扩散系数一般比投掷角扩散系数大100倍左右,说明动量扩散在L-O模与电子间的相互作用中起主导作用。随着传播角范围的改变,扩散系数均未发生明显变化,这说明L-O模与电子相互作用的扩散系数对传播角范围的依赖性很小。此外,扩散系数会因为L-O模纬度分布的改变而发生剧烈变化,该结果与之前得到的纬度分布对右旋奇异的极光千米波的影响是一致的。通过参数化研究结果表明,适当条件下,L-O模可能会显著影响外辐射带高能电子的动力学过程。 相似文献
11.
与垂直加热相比,斜向加热电离层具有灵活性高、影响范围广和便于实际操作等优势.在非偏区考虑欧姆吸收,基于电子能量方程和连续性方程构建电波斜向加热低电离层的物理模型,并利用IRI-2007和NRLMSISE-00经验模型提供的背景参数对南京地区斜向加热低电离层进行数值模拟,对比不同加热条件下电子温度和电子密度的扰动情况.研究结果表明:电波加热效果随入射仰角和有效辐射功率的增大而增大;电子温度和电子密度增幅随电波频率增大而减小;X波模比O波模造成的电子温度扰动幅度和电子密度扰动幅度更大,同时X波模比O波模能更快地使电子温度和电子密度达到稳定状态;一定范围内较小仰角、较低频率、较大有效辐射功率的电波能使电子密度更快达到稳定,后两者还能加快电子温度达到稳定的过程;电子温度达到稳定所需时间随入射电波仰角呈单峰变化,仰角为62°时达到最大.
相似文献12.
S.A. Elwakil A.M. El-hanbalyA. Elgarayh E.K. El-ShewyA.I. Kassem 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
The properties of nonlinear electron-acoustic rogue waves have been investigated in an unmagnetized collisionless four-component plasma system consisting of a cold electron fluid, non-thermal hot electrons obeying a non-thermal distribution, an electron beam and stationary ions. It is found that the basic set of fluid equations is reduced to a nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The dependence of rogue wave profiles on the electron beam and energetic population parameter are discussed. The results of the present investigation may be applicable in auroral zone plasma. 相似文献
13.
F. El-Lemdani Mazouz J.L. Rauch P.M.E. Décréau J.G. Trotignon X. Vallières F. Darrouzet P. Canu X. Suraud 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
Intense (n + 1/2) fce emissions are a common phenomenon observed in the terrestrial inner magnetosphere. One of their interests is their possible effect in the pitch angle scattering of plasmasheet keV-electron, leading to diffuse auroras. In this paper, we present CLUSTER’s point of view about this topic, in the equatorial region of the plasmasphere, via a statistical study using 3 years of data. Spectral characteristics of these waves, which represent an important clue concerning their generation mechanism, are obtained using WHISPER data near perigee. Details on the wave spectral signature are shown in an event study, in particular their splitting in fine frequency bands. The orbit configuration of the four spacecraft offers a complete sampling on all MLT sectors. A higher occurrence rate of the emissions in the dawn sector and their confinement to the geomagnetic equator, pointed out in previous studies, are confirmed and described with additional details. The proximity of emission sites, both to the plasmapause layer and to the geomagnetic equator surface, seems to be of great importance in the behaviour of the (n + 1/2) fce wave characteristics. Our study indicates for the first time, that both the intensity of (n + 1/2) fce emissions, and the number of harmonic bands they cover, are increasing as the observation point is located further away outside from the plasmapause layer. Moreover, a study of the wave intensity in the first harmonic band (near 3/2 fce) shows higher amplitude for these emissions than previous published values, these emissions can play a role in the scattering of hot electrons. Finally, geomagnetic activity influence, studied via time series of the Dst index preceding observations, indicates that (n + 1/2) fce emission events are observed at CLUSTER position under moderate geomagnetic activity conditions, no specific Dst time variation being required. 相似文献
14.
本文基于太阳高能电子和日冕区开放场及行星际磁场特征,建立了相对论电子束与伴有空间变化(空间周期变化)的轴向场相互作用模型,用数值方法研究了该体系产生的电磁不稳定性,结果指出只有当太阳高能电子束速度和空间振荡场波数大到一定程度时,该体系才可激发在旋电磁模不稳定性,当太阳高能电子束逐一通过日冕和行星际空间时,激发具有波频向低频漂移特征的电磁波. 相似文献
15.
Hanspeter Schaub Zoltán Sternovsky 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
The remote charging of a passive object using an electron beam enables touchless re-orbiting of large space debris from geosynchronous orbit (GEO) using electrostatic forces. The advantage of this method is that it can operate with a separation distance of multiple craft radii, thus reducing the risk of collision. The charging of the tug–debris system to high potentials is achieved by active charge transfer using a directed electron beam. Optimal potential distributions using isolated- and coupled-sphere models are discussed. A simple charging model takes into account the primary electron beam current, ultra-violet radiation induced photoelectron emission, collection of plasma particles, secondary electron emission and the recapture of emitted particles. The results show that through active charging in a GEO space environment high potentials can be both achieved and maintained with about a 75% transfer efficiency. Further, the maximum electrostatic tractor force is shown to be insensitive to beam current levels. This latter later result is important when considering debris with unknown properties. 相似文献
16.
数值研究Hall电流效应对于重联动力学特征及波动特性的影响.结果表明,具有强Hall效应的算例,重联出流区张角大,重联率高.对于不同Hall效应的算例,应用快速傅里叶变换(FFT),将平面外磁场By分量和(x,z)平面内的速度分量vx,vz位于给定点的时间序列转换为功率谱,并对电场E采用最小方差分析法,确定波的传播方向与偏振特性.研究发现,在强Hall效应的算例中,磁分界线附近存在具有典型特征的哨声波,Hall效应减弱,则波动信号减弱.上述结果表明,Hall电流效应对重联动力学特征具有重要影响,是产生哨声波和快速重联率的关键因素;此外,对于强Hall效应的算例,磁分界线附近哨声波幅度与平面内场向电流Jp间存在正相关关系,它从另一个侧面展示了哨声波与Hall效应间的重要联系. 相似文献
17.
通过数值求解文献[4]中物理模型A得到的一般形式的色散关系,讨论了无碰撞电流片低频波不稳定性问题.结果表明,哨声波能被无碰撞电流片直接激发.在中性片上(z/di=0),在较宽的波数范围内,斜哨声波是可以传播的,但它基本上是稳定的.在离子惯性区内(z/di<1,电子惯性区外),斜传播的哨声波是不稳定的.在离子惯性区边缘(z/di=1),斜传播的哨声波仍然是不稳定的,增长率更大,不稳定的波频率范围更高.此外,朝向中性片方向传播(kzdi<0)的哨声波比离开中性片方向传播(kzdi>0)的哨声波有更大的增长率. 相似文献
18.
X.H. Wei J.B. Cao G.C. Zhou H.S. Fu O. Santolík H. Rème I. Dandouras N. Cornilleau A. Fazakerley 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The whistler-mode waves and electron temperature anisotropy play a key role prior to and during magnetic reconnection. On August 21, 2002, the Cluster spacecrafts encountered a quasi-collisionless magnetic reconnection event when they crossed the plasma sheet. Prior to the southward turning of magnetospheric magnetic field and high speed ion flow, the whistler-mode waves and positive electron temperature anisotropy are simultaneously observed. Theoretic analysis shows that the electrons with positive temperature anisotropy can excite the whistler-mode waves via cyclotron resonances. Using the data of particles and magnetic field, we estimated the whistler-mode wave growth rate and the ratio of whistler-mode growth rate to wave frequency. They are 0.0016fce (Electron cyclotron frequency) and 0.0086fce, respectively. Therefore the whistler-mode waves can grow quickly in the current sheet. The combined observations of energetic electron beams and waves show that after the southward turning of magnetic field, energetic electrons in the reconnection process are accelerated by the whistler-mode waves. 相似文献
19.
Mikhail E. Gushchin Sergey V. KorobkovAlexander V. Kostrov Mikhail V. StarodubtsevAskold V. Strikovsky 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008
Modulation of whistler waves in a plasma with time-dependant magnetic field perturbations was investigated experimentally. The experiments were performed on large “Krot” device, which was specially designed to study space plasma physics phenomena. It is shown that magnetic field variations on the wave propagation path can lead to splitting of initially continuous whistler wave into the sequence of bursts, whose repetition rate corresponds to magnetic field perturbation period. The frequency inside each burst is changing from its front edge to the back edge. Relative shift of the wave frequency can be as large as the relative magnetic disturbance. Distortion of whistler wave frequency spectrum after its passing through magnetically disturbed areas can be used as a diagnostics for low-frequency magnetic field variations. The applicability of our laboratory results to space plasma is discussed. 相似文献