基于多模型方法的全包络鲁棒飞行控制器设计

利用新一代歼击机不同平衡点的多个非线性子模型对其机动飞行的全包络模型进行逼近。对于每一个子模型,设计相应的动态逆控制器,应用模糊神经网络产生控制器切换决策,实现不同飞行状态下不同模型控制器之间的相互切换。同时为了提高多模型飞行控制效果,对各模型控制器的输入及输出采样并作为神经网络的学习样本,形成一个全包络内的多模型统一神经网络控制器。最后通过歼击机的大迎角机动仿真来验证所设计的基于多模型的统一神经网络控制器的有效性,仿真结果表明所设计的统一神经网络控制器是有效的。     

基于动态模糊观测器的故障诊断方法研究

研究了T S模糊系统中存在未知输入、多重故障时的诊断问题,提出了基于动态模糊观测器的诊断方法。仿真结果表明,该方法推理简单,解耦多重故障准确有效。     

大中型民用飞机起飞总重估算方法研究

推导了基于发动机推力估算起飞总重和基于旅客座位数估算起飞总重的公式。通过多种大中型喷气式民用客机相关参数的统计值,建立起飞总重对相关参数的多元回归分析模型,通过显著性检验,说明模型是有效的,并据此建立了新的起飞总重估算公式。通过算例结果分析表明,新的起飞总重估算公式具有很高精度。在新机的方案设计阶段若能给定此公式所需的相关参数,可以计算得到相对合理的设计起飞总重值。     

Optimal Inputs for Nonlinear Process Parameter Estimation

The sensitivity of observed data to an unknown parameter is enhanced by utilizing optimal inputs. The derivation is given for the optimal input of an nth-order nonlinear differential equation. To obtain the optimal input, the solution of 4n two-point boundary value equations is required. Numerical resutis are given for a second order linear example. The optimal return is compared with the return obtained for a step input. The existence of a critical time length is demonstrated.     

Mutual coupling effects and their reduction in wideband directionof arrival estimation

The performance of multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm using three different inputs over a wideband of frequencies is considered. These inputs are: 1) ideal voltages, 2) actual voltages which include coupling effects and are obtained with the method or moments, and 3) corrected voltages which are obtained from the actual voltages so that the mutual coupling effects are removed. Linear arrays of dipoles, sleeve dipoles, and spiral antennas are considered over 200 MHz to 400 MHz band     

双滑模变结构控制在导弹加速度控制中的应用

基于双滑模变结构控制理论,对切换面的选取和控制量的切换规律做了进一步的分析,提出两个切换面可以分开单独设计,通过状态反馈保证在滑模区上的稳定性;在具有非匹配不确定性的情况下,证明了控制量的设计能够满足滑模控制的可达条件;提出了更简单的控制律设计方法,保证状态轨迹分别在两条滑模区上来回切换,降低了控制量振动频率.用动态平衡的方法,通过控制导弹的平衡迎角达到了控制加速度的目的.针对某型导弹纵向回路线性模型和非线性时变模型进行了仿真研究,结果证明了设计的可行性和有效性.     

Dynamics Analysis of Close-coupling Multiple Helicopters System

The particularity and practicality of harmony operations of close-coupling multiple helicopters indicate that the researches on it are urgent and necessary, Using the model that describes two hovering helicopters carrying one heavy load, an inertia coordinate system and body coordinate systems of each sub-system are established. A nonlinear force model is established too. The equilibrium computation results can be regarded as the reference control inputs of the flight control system under hovering or low-speed flight condition. After the establishment of a translation kinematics model and a posture kinematics model, a coupling dynamics model of the multiple helicopter system is set up. The results can also be regarded as the base to analyze stabilization and design a controller for a close-coupling multiple helicopters harmony operation system.     

运输类飞机辅助燃油系统转输参数权衡分析

在保持原有的设计架构尽可能不变的情况下,运输类飞机可通过增加辅助燃油箱来实现短期内快速增程的目的,以达到大航程、长航时的设计目标,同时后续可作为多类特种飞机的改装平台。由于辅助燃油系统并不直接向发动机供油,而是在巡航阶段将燃油转输至基本型燃油箱内,因此在早期运输类飞机辅助燃油箱系统架构设计阶段,需尽早确定辅助燃油箱到基本型燃油箱的转输参数与转输策略,以便作为输入开展系统架构的权衡与多轮迭代。参考已有运输类飞机设计工程经验,通过对不同权衡方案进行对比分析,给出了在当前某型飞机辅助燃油箱最大设计载油量条件下的燃油转输速率和转输策略,同时考虑了最大载油量变化对分析结果的影响。研究形成的分析思路和方法对其余运输类飞机辅助燃油系统的设计具有一定的参考。     

具有未知输入干扰的观测器设计

提出一种全阶比例积分观测器。该观测器包含有估计误差的比例和积分回路,可同时得到状态和未知输入估计。分析了比例积分观测器的结构和估计性能,给出并证明了其存在条件,由于存在条件弱于未知输入观测器,该比例积分观测器可以更广泛地应用于基于观测器的技术方案。通过一个飞行器线性化模型,进行了比例积分观测器设计。仿真结果表明,比例积分观测器的估计性能优于常规 Luenberger观测器     

疲劳裂纹扩展速率统计分析

给出了4种常幅载荷下疲劳裂纹扩展速率的统计处理方法,获得了在规定存活率P下的“P-da/dN-△K”关系,并对LC9中心裂纹试样试验数据进行了统计分析,给出了存活率为0.50、0.90、0.95和0.99时Paris方程中的c和n值。最后对4种方法进行了比较。     

Attitude synchronization for multiple spacecraft with input constraints

The attitude synchronization problem for multiple spacecraft with input constraints is investigated in this paper. Two distributed control laws are presented and analyzed. First, by intro- ducing bounded function, a distributed asymptotically stable control law is proposed. Such a con- trol scheme can guarantee attitude synchronization and the control inputs of each spacecraft can be a priori bounded regardless of the number of its neighbors. Then, based on graph theory, homoge- neous method, and Lyapunov stability theory, a distributed finite-time control law is designed. Rig- orous proof shows that attitude synchronization of multiple spacecraft can be achieved in finite time, and the control scheme satisfies input saturation requirement. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the oroDosed schemes.     

直升机由悬停过渡到前飞的飞行特性研究

研究了直升机由悬停转前飞的过渡飞行中高度和速度变化。首先研究了计算方法,并以 Ｓ Ａ３６５ Ｎ 型直升机为例进行了核算比较,验证了分析方法的可行性和合理性;最后对一般直升机在各种发动机故障状态及操纵输入进行了分析计算, 得出了一些有意义的结论,这些结论将为今后的实际飞行提供有益的指导。     

Electrooptical navigation for aircraft

Concurrently with the development of guidance laws for low-altitude rotorcraft flight operations, efforts are underway to develop automated systems for locating the terrain and the obstacles using inputs from passive electrooptical sensors such as TV cameras and infrared imagers. A passive obstacle location algorithm that uses image sequences from cameras undergoing translational and rotational motion is developed. The algorithm is in a general form and can operate in multicamera imaging environments. Performance results using an image sequence from an airborne camera are given     

输入-输出非线性反馈线性化方法在硬式空中加油控制系统设计中的应用

 通过对硬式空中加油技术的研究,建立了硬式加油伸缩杆数学模型,结果表明该伸缩杆系统为一个多输入-多输出(MIMO)、耦合、非线性系统。这样解耦控制就成为系统设计的关键。当系统满足可解耦条件时,采用一种基于输入-输出(I/O)非线性反馈线性化的微分几何方法,输出与等效新输入之间呈现线性微分方程关系,选择合适的反馈形式可使伸缩杆的姿态控制解耦。解耦后,伸缩杆就可分解为俯仰和滚转方向两个相互独立的单输入-单输出(SISO)线性子系统。在MATLAB中建立了伸缩杆及其解耦模型,并进行了仿真研究。结果表明该解耦方法很好地消除了系统间的耦合作用,能够满足工程设计的需要。     

Time-Optimal Control of a Bounded Phase-Coordinate Process II: High-Order Systems with Multiple Control Inputs

This paper considers the problem arising from the design of an autopilot for a large booster. The motion-controlling actuators of the booster have both position and rate limits. The problem is formulated as a bounded phase-coordinate problem and analyzed by the ``backing out of the target' procedure. A method of constructing the optimal control is presented. An example of an oscillatory system with two control inputs is given, and the optimal control is expressed as an explicit time function.     

随机过程等效确定性输入函数的计算方法

本文推导了求解多维互相关随机过程的等效确定性输入函数的基本公式。基于这些公式,可以使用确定性的方法在时域内计算线性系统对一组平稳随机过程输入响应的均方值。本文的结果可应用于分析研究飞行器对大气紊流的响应和一般工程中的随机控制问题。     

Online identification and control of linearized aircraft dynamics

An approach for online identification and control that requires weaker excitation than the existing approaches based on least-squares schemes and closed-loop systems is examined. It uses multiple-objective optimization theory to resolve the conflict between identification and controller performance as they compete for the only available resource, the inputs to the aircraft. The approach is applied to a longitudinal model of a representative linearized high-performance aircraft model. Simulation results compare the final controller with a conventional gain-scheduled pitch command augmentation system. It is demonstrated that by allowing some control input to be given to the identification process, the controller's overall performance is improved     

Reduced state estimator for systems with parametric inputs

A reduced state estimator is derived for systems with bounded parameters as inputs. Optimal filter gains are derived for minimizing the total covariance of the estimation error due to measurement noise and parameter uncertainty. It is shown that these filter gains for a two-state system with a Gaussian parameter satisfy the Kalata relation in steady state. Equations are also derived for optimally filtering measurements in arbitrary time order. This reduced state estimator offers novelties over a traditional Kalman filter in its application to the class of problems considered. The total error covariance, which is minimized, makes no use of plant noise. Furthermore, the filter is easier to optimize in high dimensional and multiple sensor applications as well as in processing out-of-sequence measurements.     

Evaluation on novel architecture for harmonizing manual and automatic flight controls under atmospheric turbulence

Pilot uncertainty in aircraft response under automatic flight control has triggered aircraft accidents/incidents in the past. This uncertainty compels a pilot to disengage autopilot and switch to manual control. However, the decision to disengage autopilot and when to do it can be difficult: especially if there is not enough time to monitor the cockpit displays, for instance while countering atmospheric turbulence. Against this background, we proposed the “human as a control module” architecture for harmonizing pilot and autopilot controls. The architecture blends pilot maneuver with autopilot control instead of switching between them when simultaneous inputs are given to the aircraft. By automatically adjusting pilot and autopilot control inputs, the architecture avoids overlaps of both control authorities and helps to circumvent the effect of conflicting actions. This paper applies the architecture to the situations of past aircraft incidents which had been caused by the transfer from autopilot control to pilot maneuver after encountering atmospheric turbulence. The effectiveness of the architecture is evaluated via simulation study for the specific incident examples. Furthermore, this paper extends the architecture with an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) based observer and evaluates its robustness under errors in wind estimation.     

Architectures and algorithms for track association and fusion

Target tracking using multiple sensors can provide better performance than using a single sensor. One approach to multiple target tracking with multiple sensors is to first perform single sensor tracking and then fuse the tracks from the different sensors. Two processing architectures for track fusion are presented: sensor to sensor track fusion, and sensor to system track fusion. Technical issues related to the statistical correlation between track estimation errors are discussed. Approaches for associating the tracks and combining the track state estimates of associated tracks that account for this correlation are described and compared by both theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulations